Attachment A - ASU CSP Study

City of Phoenix — Public Safety and Justice Subcommittee (2025-09-03)

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Attachment A

Contents
Background ................................................................................................................................ 4
Project areas .............................................................................................................................. 6
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 6
Area evolution ........................................................................................................................ 6
Final project areas .................................................................................................................. 6
Overarching Goals and Desired Outcomes ................................................................................ 7
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 7
Overarching Goals.................................................................................................................. 7
Desired Outcomes .................................................................................................................. 7
Interventions .............................................................................................................................. 8
Overview ................................................................................................................................ 8
Real-Time Operations Centers ............................................................................................ 9
Civil and criminal law enforcement at high-crime residential and commercial properties. .... 9
Repeat- and violent-offender focused attention. .................................................................10
Prostitution law enforcement and service outreach. ...........................................................10
Prostitution public education program. ...............................................................................10
Drug overdose prevention. .................................................................................................11
Homelessness services outreach. ......................................................................................11
Blight remediation. .............................................................................................................12
Criminal justice system education. .....................................................................................12
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) promotion. .............................13
Alley gating. .......................................................................................................................14
Graffiti cleanup and education. ...........................................................................................14
Enhanced lighting. .............................................................................................................14
SafePHX Program. ............................................................................................................14
Access to Services. ............................................................................................................15
Assessment ..............................................................................................................................16
Area 1: North 27th Avenue Corridor, Midtown ........................................................................17
Goals .................................................................................................................................17
Community Survey Results ................................................................................................18
Overdoses .........................................................................................................................18
Crime Outcomes Assessment ............................................................................................18

Area 2: North 27th Avenue, Metro Center ...............................................................................22
Community Survey Results ................................................................................................23
Overdoses .........................................................................................................................23
Crime Outcomes ................................................................................................................23
Area 3: Bell Road ..................................................................................................................27
Goals .................................................................................................................................27
Community Survey Outcomes ............................................................................................27
Overdoses .........................................................................................................................28
Crime Outcomes ................................................................................................................28
Area 4: Hatcher Road ...............................................................................................................32
Goals .................................................................................................................................32
Community Survey Results ................................................................................................32
Overdoses .........................................................................................................................33
Crime Outcomes ................................................................................................................33
Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor .....................................................................................................38
Goals .....................................................................................................................................38
Community Survey Responses ..........................................................................................38
Overdoses .........................................................................................................................39
Crime Outcomes ................................................................................................................39
Citywide Crime Comparisons ....................................................................................................44
Perceptions of project ...............................................................................................................47
Recommendations ....................................................................................................................48
Conclusions ..............................................................................................................................50
Appendices ...............................................................................................................................51
Appendix A: Initial project areas ............................................................................................51
Appendix B: Final Project Areas ............................................................................................52
Appendix C: Police Grids by Area ..........................................................................................53
Appendix D: Community Survey Results ...............................................................................54
Appendix E: Selected Police Incident Types ..........................................................................68
Appendix F: Inventory of Interventions in the Community Safety Plan Initiatives ...................69
Appendix G: List of Staff ........................................................................................................72
Appendix H: Community Committees ....................................................................................74

Background
In late 2021, in response to a request for research and technical assistance from the City
of Phoenix (City) and Phoenix Police Department (Phoenix PD), Arizona State University (ASU)
faculty in the School of Criminology & Criminal Justice agreed to work collaboratively with key
City officials to develop and evaluate new responses to crime and disorder concerns in selected
areas of the city, to include four major intersections along the 27th Avenue corridor and one on
East Hatcher Road, in North Phoenix. Clinical Professor Michael Scott—who also served as
ASU’s Liaison to the Phoenix PD—and Assistant Clinical Professor Brooks Louton took on the
project.
Initially, the project contemplated ASU helping with the following tasks:
•
defining the precise geographical parameters of the target areas
•
gathering and analyzing police data to understand and substantiate the public-safety
problems in these areas
•
developing testable explanations for what was causing or contributing to the crime and
disorder problems
•
developing new responses to these problems based on published research and other
police agencies’ experiences with similar problems
•
documenting the action plan’s development and implementation and what challenges, if
any, there were to implementing them
•
assessing the effectiveness of the implemented responses in improving public safety in
the target areas, as well as looking for any evidence of displacement of the problems to
other areas or, conversely, added benefits to public safety experienced outside the
target areas.
The ASU team further encouraged Phoenix PD and City officials to engage with the
communities affected by the problems in developing the action plan, implementing it, and
measuring its impact. To guide staff in the implementation of the initiative, the City Council
requested on-going community participation in the oversight of the plans. Therefore, Community
Committees (Committees) were established for each focus area to provide staff with ongoing
feedback throughout the implementation, to assist staff in identifying problem areas within
neighborhoods, and to act as liaisons to multiple community and business associations. The
Committees are composed of a wide range of neighborhood, business, and educational leaders
within each focus area.
The project was labeled the 27th Avenue Corridor Public Safety Initiative (later revised to the
Phoenix Community Safety Plans) and the Phoenix City Council approved this contractual
arrangement with ASU in February 2022 as part of a larger two-year funding authorization that
included the hiring of additional city prosecutors, neighborhood services staff, street lighting,
and police assistants; and various police surveillance technology (video surveillance cameras,
automated license plate readers and gunshot detection systems). The surveillance technology
was earmarked for use in a new Real Time Operations Center (RTOC) to be developed in the
Cactus Park police precinct.

Project meetings began in October 2021 and many features of the project evolved over
time. Fairly early in the project, it became clear that the City preferred that ASU’s role be more
limited than originally proposed, omitting much of the up-front analysis of specific problems and
much of the response development, focusing instead mainly on assessing the impact of the
project on desired outcomes. The ASU team continued to attend many project meetings with
community groups as well as project meetings among City agencies, documenting as much as
possible reported actions taken to address crime and disorder problems and making
recommendations regarding strategies and tactics likely to be effective.
Another significant aspect of the project that evolved in the early stages was the
geographical boundaries of the target areas. One major recommendation made by ASU that
was partly embraced by the City was to organize the project around multiple geographical areas
rather than around one single, large area. Accordingly, the 27th Avenue initiative was ultimately
organized into four geographic areas: 1) the stretch of N. 27th Avenue in Midtown; 2) the stretch
of N. 27th Avenue near Metro Center; 3) a stretch of W. Bell Road; and 4) a stretch of E. Hatcher
Road (which was actually in the Desert Horizon police precinct rather than in the Cactus Park
police precinct where the other three areas were located). This broadened the project from
involving just the Cactus Park police precinct to involving the two precincts.
The next major expansion of the project occurred in July 2022, the City Council funded a
second initiative along the N. 19th Avenue corridor, thereby more fully involving the Desert
Horizon police precinct. As with the 27th Avenue initiative, much of the funding was for the
purchase, installation and operation of the same police surveillance technology to be used in a
new Real-Time Operations Center in the Desert Horizon police precinct. The 19th Avenue
initiative began implementation in March 2023 with the first meetings of those community
committees.
It is also significant that the 27th and 19th Avenue Community Safety Plans did not operate in
isolation of other significant initiatives affecting these target areas. For example, the Phoenix
Police Department participated in a major crime-control initiative funded by the U.S. Department
of Justice Bureau of Justice Assistance known as the National Public Safety Partnership (PSP),
launched at the same time as the 27th Avenue project (January 2022). The funding supported
providing the City of Phoenix with national technical assistance to address crime across the city,
with at least some of the focus also being in the 27th and 19th Avenue corridors in North
Phoenix. ASU’s Clinical Professor Scott was asked by Phoenix PD to join the regular PSP
meetings and note where these two separate initiatives overlapped. The PSP encouraged
federal, state, county, and city governments to collaborate in addressing crime and disorder.
Accordingly, many of the same City agencies (police, neighborhood services, prosecutors,
parks, homeless services, public health, human services) were collaborating on both initiatives.
County prosecutors and probation officials; and federal law enforcement agencies (FBI, DEA,
US Marshal’s Service, federal probation and parole, federal prosecutors) also collaborated with
City agencies in the PSP.

Project Areas
Introduction
At the time of this writing, we have been monitoring five areas for this project. All areas
are in the Cactus Park or Desert Horizons precinct (or the Black Mountain precinct, in the case
of Bell Road), and are near the I-17 corridor. The project started with four areas, evolving to
change one area and add a fifth approximately a year into the effort.
Area evolution
As the project began, positive community perceptions led to additional requests from
community members to be included in the project, resulting in two notable changes to the
project areas. Initially, the Bell Road area was included in the North 27th Avenue, Metro project
area. It gained a few police grids and was considered its own area with the introduction of the
19th Avenue Corridor project area. The 19th Avenue Corridor also had a few police grids
originally assigned to the Hatcher Road project area, resulting in the Hatcher Road area being
particularly small.
Final project areas
Ultimately, five project areas included in this project are
1. Area 1: 27th Avenue Corridor, Midtown
2. Area 2: 27th Avenue Corridor, Metro Center
3. Area 3: Bell Road
4. Area 4: Hatcher Road
5. Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor
Direct comparison of these areas is inappropriate due to both the size of the areas and the
nature of the problems in each area. The size of each area ranges from 4 grids to 39 grids,
covering less than a mile up to approximately five miles. Additionally, the problems in each area
vary, and therefore needed different interventions which are not comparable. For example, the
crime and disorder problem in the Hatcher Road area was being driven by issues of
encampments, trespassing, drugs, and other quality of life issues, with unhoused individuals
drawn to a St. Vincent De Paul day center. In contrast, much of the concern in the 27th Ave.
project area centered around prostitution, which would be addressed in a different manner.
Maps of the project areas can be found in Appendices A and B, with lists of area geographic
grids in Appendix C.

Overarching Goals and Desired Outcomes
Introduction
As mentioned above, the nature of the problems in each project area was perceived to
be different. Accordingly, individual goals and desired outcomes were created for each project
area. Perhaps the most notable is the inclusion of prostitution only in the two 27th Avenue
project areas. All five areas were concerned with outcomes related to homelessness and drug
use/sales. Overarching goals and specific desired outcomes for each project area were created
with the input of the Community Committees, the City Manager’s Office, the Phoenix PD,
Neighborhood Services Department (NSD), Office of Homeless Solutions (OHS), the Office of
the Phoenix City Prosecutor, and the Phoenix Public Health Office. All areas settled on the
same three overarching goals. The desired outcomes were the same across all five areas, with
the exception of the inclusion of prostitution in the 27th Avenue project areas.
Overarching Goals
All five project areas shared the same three overarching goals for the Community Safety
Plans. First, they aimed to improve the perceived safety of area residents, businesses, patrons,
and students. Results for this goal are measured using the Perceptions of Safety community
survey. The second goal was to improve processes for outreach and increase referrals for those
seeking services. Results for this area are derived from qualitative interviews with project staff
and observations of Community Committee meetings. Finally, the third goal is to reduce criminal
incidents impacting community safety and quality of life. These are measured using Phoenix PD
incident data, as well as data from the Perceptions of Safety community survey.
Desired Outcomes
All five areas share the same ten desired outcomes, although the Perceptions of Safety
community survey ranked them by responses for each area (see Appendix D).
1. Fewer incidents of assault and aggravated assault;
2. Decreased encampments/individuals experiencing
homelessness;
3. Fewer incidents of trespassing;
4. Less visible usage of illicit drugs;
5. Fewer instances of open drug sales;
6. Reduction in number of prostitution-related incidents;
7. Fewer incidents of theft;
8. Fewer blighted properties;
9. Less graffiti in public areas;
10. Decreased overdoses/fatal overdoses.

Interventions
Overview
Interventions for this project were originally conceived to be technologically heavy, with a
focus on the use of video surveillance cameras, automated gunshot detection systems, and
automated license plate readers, incorporated into new RTOCs. Unfortunately, the RTOC
equipment was subject to a series of delays, and full implementation did not occur until May
2024, years after the initial project implementation. Despite this delay, all departments involved
took steps towards the desired outcomes throughout the duration of the project, although
documentation was varied or difficult to access.
Some of the interventions and outcomes are well-documented. For example, crime
reports are available from Phoenix PD and naloxone distributions are documented by zip codes.
On the other hand, the Office of the Prosecutor was unable to provide comprehensive data
about their cases originating in their project areas.1 While city prosecutors did their best to
report relevant cases in community meetings, complete data was not available. Similarly, some
desired outcomes are difficult to measure at all. For example, while community members care
deeply about the presence of homeless encampments and open drug use, thorough
documentation of these conditions is difficult (both conditions are highly mobile and transient),
and is therefore not currently available. In these instances, we rely on police incidents, PHX
C.A.R.E.S. cases and educations, and resident reports when available.
It is also important to mention citywide efforts that may have overlapped with efforts
specific to the project areas. For example, Phoenix launched a Community Court in January
2024. The Community Court is designed to empower, assist, and provide unsheltered
individuals with the tools and resources necessary to establish stable housing, receive services
to assist with any addiction issues, connect with mental health professionals, and reduce
repetitive criminal behavior. The Community Court has the goal of assisting unsheltered
persons who have been cited or arrested, and is a collaborative effort between multiple City of
Phoenix departments, including the Municipal Court, the Prosecutor's Office, the Public
Defender’s Office, and OHS. The City had also launched a substantial alley-gating project
aimed at preventing crime and disorder by limiting access to alleyways.2 The Office of
Homeless Solutions was established in fall 2022, and “The Zone” in downtown Phoenix was
cleared of homeless encampments in 2023 under court order. Additionally, Phoenix was part of
a Bureau of Justice Assistance Public Safety Partnership, involving crime reductions targeted by
local, state, and federal agencies during this time. These overlapping initiatives likely impacted
the outcomes of this project in ways that are difficult to distinguish from the effects of the
interventions intended specifically for the project areas. The interventions impacting
homelessness did impact the perception held by some Community Committee members that
individuals would move from “The Zone” to the project areas.
Strategies for area-specific interventions are conceptualized into four categories: 1)
crime detection and response, 2) education and prevention, 3) safety of public spaces, and 4)

1 This was principally because cases were not classified in the case-management system by street
address.
2 ASU’s Center for Problem-Oriented Policing (directed by Clinical Professor Scott) provided City officials
its guidebook Closing Streets and Alleys that summarized the research and good practices supporting
this initiative.

access to services. Each project area participated in interventions in each of these categories
broadly, but they also participated in interventions designed to affect specific sites. When
possible, both are included here. The two 27th Avenue Corridor project areas are considered
together, and the other project areas are examined separately.
The following are descriptions of the major types of specific interventions, with relevant notes for
the project areas:
Real-Time Operations Centers
Establish a Real Time Operations Center and field operations process to respond to calls for
service and aid criminal investigations. The first RTOC, located in the Cactus Park Precinct, was
fully operational by February 2024, with the Desert Horizon RTOC fully operational by May
2024. Staggered implementation included setting up the facility, acquisition and installation of
cameras, Firefly gunshot detectors, and automated license plate readers. Interviews with
Phoenix PD staff working on this project indicate that the RTOC is regularly increasing its
capabilities and usefulness as more personnel become aware of and trained how to make use
of it. They report that the RTOC is particularly helpful for shots fired calls, vehicle collisions, and
recovering stolen vehicles.
•
In the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas, one brief success story is that in October
2024, officers responded to a shooting. Upon arrival officers contacted the victim who
sustained a non-life-threatening gunshot wound. The victim provided a description of
the suspect, this information was relayed to officers circulating the area. The specialist
working in the Real-Time Operations Center helped locate the suspect and guide
officers to this location which resulted in his apprehension.
•
The Bell Road project area is covered by both the Cactus Park RTOC and the Desert
Horizon RTOC, with Black Mountain Precinct responding to some areas using Desert
Horizon’s information.
Civil and criminal law enforcement at high-crime residential and commercial properties
Create an on-going directory of properties with the highest, or increasing, levels of
criminal/code compliance activity to address issues through a coordinated approach involving
Police, Neighborhood Services, and Community Prosecutors.
•
Relevant personnel on this project meet regularly to discuss properties on this list in
each of the five project areas.
o In the 27th Avenue area, one notable success resulting from this project in the
27th Avenue Corridor is the Canyon Palms Apartment Complex, which had the
highest volume of calls for service among apartment complexes in the project
area. Not only were the calls frequent, but often dangerous, including shootings
in the complex and a dead body in the pool. Staff from all departments involved
worked to contact the property owner and engage them in remediation.
Ultimately, the owner replaced the property management company, the property
owner and management company engaged with the city to make improvements:
Calls for service to the property reduced significantly as a result and have stayed
notably lower. Over the course of the project, a total of 15 properties were
identified and engaged in this process with police noticing a year over year
decline in call volume at these locations.

o In the Bell Road area, five properties were identified as part of this effort. One
vacant structure was demolished, and the other four successfully engaged in
interventions and activity remains low at this time.
o In the Hatcher Road area, this project initially identified five properties for
intervention. Each was successfully completed, and none of them are an ongoing
concern.
o In the 19th Avenue area, five properties were identified and efforts remain on-
going.
Repeat- and violent-offender focused attention
Work with internal and external partners to provide increased police operations to
strategically address the most violent and repeat offenders.
•
Phoenix PD personnel have reported regularly on felony arrests in the project areas at
Community Committee meetings.
•
The Office of the City Prosecutor worked to receive travel restrictions on repeat
offenders in all project areas.
•
Phoenix PD worked regularly with Adult Probation to apprehend subjects with felony
warrants and probation violations.
•
In the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas, the Neighborhood Enforcement Team
conducted narcotic operations in early 2024 and then launched a direct undercover drug
buy program in the same time period.
•
In the Hatcher Road Area, Phoenix Police Department provided and continues to
provide regular bike patrols to support these efforts.
Prostitution enforcement and prosecution
Increase Human Exploitation and Trafficking (HEAT) Unit operations along 27th Avenue.
Arrests of prostitutes and clients, followed by prosecution and offers of social services.

•
These interventions only apply to the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas, as prostitution
was not a large issue in the other project areas.
•
Increased HEAT Unit operations along 27th Avenue.
o Phoenix PD’s HEAT Unit conducted 48 operations in 2022, 68 in 2023, 61 in
2024, and 18 through April 2025.
•
The City Manager’s Office, Police Department, and Prosecutor’s Office staff meet
monthly to review statistical data of prostitution charges and determine areas of
opportunity within prostitution enforcement operations.
•
A notable intervention in this area was the closing of the Royal Inn (located on W. Palo
Verde Dr. just off the Black Canyon Hwy. in the 27th Avenue Midtown target area) in
September 2024. This was a joint operation between the FBI and the Phoenix PD, in
service of reducing prostitution in the area. The operation received widespread news
attention. It was well-received by community members, and project staff members
appreciated the thorough job that the FBI did in sealing the building following the
closure, preventing its access for further criminal purposes.
Prostitution public education program
Collaborate with the City's Human Trafficking Task Force to deploy a public education
campaign on the harmful effects and penalties of the solicitation of sex within the focus area.

Drug overdose prevention
Distribution of Naloxone kits to prevent deaths from overdoses of opioids. Provide education
to residents and businesses about non-fatal and fatal overdose data and the use of
Narcan/Naloxone. Community members also received training on Naloxone administration.
•
Overdose prevention: Data for overdose prevention methods come from the Phoenix
Office of Public Health, and from the Maricopa County Public Health Department. The
Office of Public Health distributed Naloxone kits across Phoenix. Three trainings on
overdose prevention were held between 2023 and 2024. Area 3, Bell Road, was not a
target for this outreach effort.
Year
Areas 1 & 2:
27th Avenue
Corridor
Number of
Naloxone Kits
Distributed
Area 4:
Hatcher
Road
Area 5:
19th
Avenue
Corridor
2023
122

135
2024
635
118
318
2025 (partial
year)
332
63
161

Encampments and homelessness services
Work with PHX C.A.R.E.S. on focus areas within the corridor to identify solutions to prevent
encampments from forming at overpasses/underpasses and bus stops through gating, street
lighting, community education, Healthy Giving signs, etc.
•
PHX C.A.R.E.S. staff provided 70 educational opportunities to the community on the
PHX C.A.R.E.S. program and process throughout the focus areas.
•
Areas 1 & 2: 27th Avenue Corridor
o 17 major operations occurred during the intervention period alongside the daily
PHX C.A.R.E.S. cases. Operations were focused on parks, the I-17 overpasses
and major intersections.
o Number of PHX C.A.R.E.S. Cases

2022: 181

2023: 135

2024: 201

2025 through April: 103
•
Area 3: Bell Road
o Bell Road underpass operations remain on-going to address issues of
encampments in this area.
o Number of PHX C.A.R.E.S. Cases

2022: 35

2023: 16

2024: 24

2025 through April: 4
•
Area 4: Hatcher Road

o Weekly cleanings began in spring 2022 with enhanced biohazard cleaning
beginning in spring 2023. Both ended in April 2024 after closing of the St. Vincent
de Paul day center. Currently, these cleanings are conducted on an as-needed
basis.
o Annual PHX C.A.R.E.S. cases in this area

2022: 84

2023: 52

2024: 18

2025 through April: 2
•
Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor
o PHX C.A.R.E.S. conducted 10 major operations in this area since 2023, focusing
on Washington and Solano parks and I-17 overpasses.
o Annual PHX C.A.R.E.S. cases in this area

2022: 512

2023: 415

2024: 526

2025 through April: 231
Blight remediation
Coordinate with area partners to conduct community cleanups within the focus area.
•
Community cleanups have occurred regularly throughout the intervention period, with
pauses for summer heat.
Conduct arterial reviews within the focus areas for common blight violations to proactively
address issues.
Year Blight
Cases Opened
Areas 1 & 2:
28th Avenue
Corridor
Area 3: Bell
Road
Area 4: Hatcher
Road
Area 5: 19th
Avenue
Corridor
2023
471
21
16
1,509
2024
450
24
25
1,326
2025 (May)
132
12
8
608 (April)

•
Illegal mobile vending became an issue in fall 2023 across all areas and special
operations between Phoenix PD/NSD began regularly.
•
From the CSPs, the City launched a Vacant Property Registry in January 2024.
o 47 properties immediately registered in the focus areas.
Criminal justice system education
Educate and train the community and CSP partners on the criminal justice process, victim
impact statements, being good witnesses, etc. Trainings in this project area have included
trainings by the Phoenix Community Prosecutor, as well as the Maricopa County Prosecutor.
Community service providers have also offered trainings on available services. The Maricopa
County Attorney’s Office joined internal project efforts for all five areas in December 2024, and
began attending and presenting at community committee meetings in 2025.
•
Trainings conducted
o 2022 – 4

o 2023 – 6
o 2024 – 2
o 2025 – 2
•
In the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas, the Prosecutor’s Office, Phoenix PD and the
City Manager’s Office are working closely with community leaders along 27th Avenue to
gather community impact statements from neighborhood and business groups, non-
profit organizations, and corridor schools. Prosecutor’s Office staff will utilize the
community impact statements in the judicial process to help convey the impact of the
issue on the community when asking for increased bail, release conditions or sentencing
of prostitution cases.
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) promotion
Promote Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) within the focus areas
ensuring residents and businesses are educated on CPTED principles.
•
Development and publication of a new CPTED website3
•
Areas 1 & 2: 27th Avenue Corridor
o Annual CPTED training sessions

2022: 25

2023: 24

2024: 64
o Authority to Arrests secured or renewed

2023: 440

2024: 550
•
Area 3: Bell Road
o Regular CPTED training occurred with area Community Action Officers through
the Bell Road Business Alliance.
o Authority to Arrests secured or renewed

2023: 28

2024: 86
•
Area 4: Hatcher Road
o Annual CPTED training sessions:

2023: 1

2024: 1
o Authority to Arrests secured or renewed

2023: 25

2024: 25
•
Area 5 19th Avenue:
o Annual CPTED training sessions

2023: 5

2024: 12
o Authority to Arrests secured or renewed

2023: 377

3 The website was developed by Chase Smith as an honors thesis project at ASU’s Barrett Honors and
Watts Public Service & Community Solutions Colleges, supervised by Clinical Professor Scott, one of this
project’s co-principal investigators, and with the assistance and support of Phoenix Police Detective Brian
Kornegay. The website was designed by the City Communications Office.


2024: 645
Alley gating
Install alley gates to prevent crime and disorder by limiting access to alleyways. Provide
Gated Alley Program informational presentations at neighborhood meetings in the CSP.
Educate residents about the program and process to request gates. Provide technical
assistance as needed.

Areas 1 & 2:
27th Avenue
Corridor
Area 3: Bell
Road
Area 4: Hatcher
Road
Area 5: 19th
Avenue
Corridor
Alley segments
gated
74
19
5
64

Graffiti cleanup and education
Identify graffiti hot spots along corridor arterials to proactively discourage recidivism by
removing graffiti as soon as possible. Provide focused community education on Graffiti Busters
and reporting tools to empower neighborhood leaders and residents to quickly report graffiti. In
community committee meetings, members were engaged with these trainings and asked
questions of the presenters.
•
Heat maps were developed in 2023 and 2024 for each focus area to help staff
proactively identify and remove graffiti.

Year of Graffiti
Abatement
Areas 1 & 2:
27th Avenue
Corridor
Area 3: Bell
Road
Area 4: Hatcher
Road
Area 5: 19th
Avenue
Corridor
2023
1,498
44
25
3,740
2024
1,514
52
19
3,333
2025 (May)
463
11
9
1,202

Enhanced lighting
Upgrade streetlight wattage or install new streetlights in areas of high crime or prostitution.
•
17 new streetlights have been installed on 27th Avenue
•
Community committee members were particularly enthusiastic about replacing
streetlights that had turned purple through a technical issue. Nearly 100 street lights
have been repaired in the project areas since 2023, with and without the purple issue.
SafePHX Program
Create and implement a SafePHX Program for corridor businesses to promote preventing
property crimes and further expanding the scope of the RTOC. Community members voted on
branding for this program and are interested in connecting business cameras to the RTOC. The
Phoenix PD is currently working to launch a program integrating business cameras but is
encountering technology integration problems with potential partners. Staff are working to
identify new partners to pilot a program.

Access to services
Coordinate outreach events/projects through the Office of Homeless Solutions, PHX
C.A.R.E.S., Community Assistance Program, Phoenix PD, and other departments to residents
experiencing homelessness, mental or behavioral health issues to improve referrals to health
and social services.
•
More than 70 major outreach events were documented in the focus areas. Additionally,
the Office of Homeless Solutions provided ad hoc outreach through the City’s Homeless
Liaisons, and through the City’s contracted outreach program, based on feedback from
the community and known hot spots.
o One notable operation was in January 2025, which included deployment of
Behavioral Health Engagement teams with OHS, PHX C.A.R.E.S., and Phoenix
PD at 27th and Northern avenues. Community feedback was highly positive of
this deployment.
o Outreach for access to services was particularly important with the closing of the
St. Vincent De Paul day shelter in the Hatcher project area. In a major effort
involving the cooperation of St. Vincent De Paul, community members, and city
agencies, the majority of homeless people in the area accepted services. This
was the only area where the project was able to conduct a point-in-time count of
unhoused people in the area, which identified 277 unhoused individuals. Over
the course of a few months, staff was able to successfully offer services to more
than 250 people experiencing homelessness in this area.
Coordinate community agency roundtables with area service providers to establish new
partnerships and increase access to substance use treatment and harm reduction resources.
•
Three community agency roundtables were held connecting city staff with service
providers and discussing ways to improve communication and referring individuals.

Assessment
There are five common areas of assessment for this project. Crime outcomes were
assessed using incidents reported to police. Phoenix PD provided incident-level data by precinct
and police grid for incidents reported January 1, 2018, through April 30, 2025. This time period
was selected in order to provide a full three years of pre-intervention data, with extra pre-
intervention time to mitigate any artificial effects of the pandemic in 2020. Date ranges are
displayed as 12-month time periods from May to April, in order to show a full year of outcomes
following full implementation of the RTOCs. In conjunction with the Phoenix City Manager’s
Office, ASU selected offenses relevant to the desired outcomes for the project, which are listed
in Appendix E. Due to the timing of the project and the implementation of the RTOCs, the data
is organized by twelve-month time periods from May 1 to April 30. This results in one 12-month
period which overlaps the pre-intervention period and the intervention period. Accordingly, that
period is excluded from goal setting. Incidents are further broken down into consensual crime
and nonconsensual crime categories4 and finally evaluated by specific offense types. For
purposes of determining whether the interventions were successful, we set the statistical goal of
reducing reported crime by at least two standard deviations below the average level of reported
crime in the study period. This definition of success (or failure) acknowledges that there is some
normal variation in reported crime levels across time periods that doesn’t warrant special
attention. Although graffiti incidents were originally included in the police incident data, it was
brought to our attention that the police department is not primarily responsible for graffiti
documentation and intervention. As a result, data regarding graffiti was provided by the
Neighborhood Services Department. The Phoenix Public Health Office provided data regarding
suspected drug overdoses. Information on public education was provided through community
meetings and agendas created by the City Manager’s Office. The City Manager’s Office
collected data on public perceptions of safety via an online survey, offered annually in 2023,
2024, and 2025. The ASU consultants assisted in creating the survey, which uses common
questions on perceptions of public safety. The full survey can be found in Appendix D.

4 Consensual crimes are those in which two or more persons agree to engage in the illegal act. Drug
dealing and prostitution are two such examples. The harm is more to the public than to the persons
engaging in the criminal act. Nonconsensual crimes are those in which one or more persons is harming
one or more other persons who do not consent to being harmed. Robbery, theft and assault are common
examples.

Area 1: North 27th Avenue Corridor, Midtown
Goals
Goal
Assessment
Improve the perceived safety of
area residents, businesses,
patrons, and students
Community survey results
indicate increases in
feelings of safety, although
more than half of
respondents believe that
crime is increasing.
Improve processes for outreach
and increase referrals for those
seeking services
Successful creation of OHS
has improved processes;
dual deployment of police
and services has reportedly
increased referral success
rates, although referral data
are unavailable.
Reduce the criminal incidents
impacting community safety and
quality of life
Success reducing relevant
non-consensual crimes.
Making progress on
consensual crimes.

Crime Outcome Overview
Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Fewer incidents of assault and
aggravated assault
Successful
Fewer incidents of trespassing
Successful
Less visible usage of illicit drugs
Not yet successful
Fewer instances of open drug sales
Successful by
community survey, not
yet successful by crime
incidents
Reduction in number of prostitution
related incidents
Not yet successful
Fewer incidents of theft
Successful

Other Outcomes Overview
Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Decreased
encampments/individuals
experiencing homelessness
Not yet successful
Fewer blighted properties
Not yet successful
Less graffiti in public areas
Successful
Decreased overdoses/fatal
overdoses
Data pending

Community Survey Results
The community survey combines both of the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas
(Midtown and Metro Center). Data was gathered in June 2023 and May 2025, via an online
survey distributed to the Community Committees. Full results are available in Appendix D.
Compared to 2023, the results from 2025 indicated a 7-percentage point increase in residents
reporting feeling safe or very safe, at 41%, up from 34%. A 6-percentage point decrease was
seen in percentage of respondents feeling unsafe or very unsafe. This is a positive outcome for
community members’ feelings of safety in this area. One area for improvement is in
communicating successful reductions in crime, as just over half (52%) of respondents reported
in 2025 that crime had gone up in their neighborhood over the last year. Similarly, even though
thefts have decreased significantly in this area, there was a 7% increase (up to 83% of
respondents) who view theft as a serious problem in their neighborhood.
The community survey was also used to measure some desired outcomes that police
incident data was not suited to measure. In this area, this includes outcomes related to blight,
graffiti, and homeless encampments. Community survey results varied in these outcomes.
Regarding blight, in 2023, 61% of respondents replied that blight/trash was a problem in their
neighborhood, and this increased to 66% in 2025. In 2023, 27% of respondents indicated that
blight/trash affected their feelings of safety the most, decreasing slightly to 23% in 2025.
However, graffiti/vandalism was reported as a problem by 55% of respondents in 2023, but only
46% in 2025. In 2023, 25% of respondents indicated that graffiti/vandalism affected their
feelings of safety the most, down to 13% in 2025. Homeless encampments elicited the most
responses of these three, with 84% of respondents indicating it was a problem in 2023, and a
small decrease to 81% in 2025. In 2023, 63% of respondents indicated that this was the issue
that most affected their feelings of safety, and this increased to 68% in 2025.
Overdoses
Data is available for Phoenix EMS responses to suspected overdoses for 2022, 2023,
and 2024. In the 27th Avenue Corridor areas, they responded to 9% fewer suspected overdoses
in 2023 compared to 2022. However, 2024 saw a 9% increase from 2022 and a 20% increase
from the prior year. However, currently, there is insufficient data to fully evaluate overdose
outcomes as fatal overdose data is unavailable.
EMS Annual Responses to Suspected Overdoses in Areas 1 & 2: North 27th Avenue Corridor

Year
Responses to Suspected Overdoses
2022
415
2023
377
2024
454

Crime Outcomes Assessment
Prior to the intervention period, Area 1 experienced an average of 5,627 relevant
incidents reported to police per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 366 incidents
per period. The overall crime reduction goal for the selected incidents was set at 4,896 (see
chart below). This overall goal was nearly met in the 2022-2023 time period, and was exceeded
in both the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 time periods, with 4,895 and 4,016 incidents respectively.

Area 1 showed successful reductions in crime for non-consensual crime, but was not as
successful in consensual crimes. For non-consensual crimes, Area 1 experienced a pre-
intervention average of 4,693 incidents per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of

318, and resulting goal of 4,058 incidents. This goal was met every time period, with the full
implementation of the RTOC displaying the fewest incidents of non-consensual crimes (see
table above). For consensual crimes, Area 1 had a pre-intervention average of 934 incidents per
12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 122, and resulting goal of 691. While the
most recent time period showed the least number of consensual crime incidents during the
intervention, at 961 incidents, it still did not meet the goal.
A further breakdown of the offense types included in each category highlights which
offenses are more frequent in each category. Non-consensual crimes showed notable
decreases from pre-intervention time periods for all selected offenses with pre-intervention
frequencies over 200 incidents per year. All violent crimes had decreases from their pre-
intervention averages. Aggravated assault showed annual decreases, with an intervention
period low of 377, although it did not reach its pre-intervention low of 346 in 2018-2019. Assault
also showed annual decreases, with a low of 617 incidents in the 2024-2025 time period, down
from a high of 973 in the 2019-2020 time period. Similarly, robbery has annual decreases, with
a 2024-2025 low of 132 incidents, which was almost 40% lower than the pre-intervention high of
235 in 2019-2020.
High-volume non-violent non-consensual crime incidents also decreased over the
course of the project in this area. The burglary low of 342 incidents in 2024-2025 was less than
half of the 2018-2019 high of 782. Shoplifting was less than half of the pre-intervention high for
all years of the intervention. Other thefts, including motor vehicle thefts, decreased in each 12-
month intervention period, with a low of 696 incidents in the 2024-2025 time period that was
approximately 30% below the pre-intervention average. Finally, trespassing was lower than the
pre-intervention average by the 2024-2025 time period, with a decrease of more than a hundred
incidents compared to the previous year.

For consensual crimes, in this project area, relevant police incidents with low frequencies were
removed from this analysis. Disturbance incidents decreased by almost half during the

intervention. On the other hand, illicit drug use offenses were higher during the intervention time
periods, peaking at 328 in the 2023-2024 time period. Similarly, prostitution incidents were
generally higher in the intervention time periods, peaking at 560 during the 2023-2024 time
period. Other drug offenses also peaked in 2023-2024, at 571 incidents, although they
decreased to the second-lowest frequency of the observed time periods in 2024-2025, at 358
incidents. This increase in consensual crimes is somewhat to be expected when police turn their
attention to these types of offenses, as consensual crimes are frequently not reported.

Area 2: North 27th Avenue, Metro Center
Goals
Goal
Assessment
Improve the perceived safety of
area residents, businesses,
patrons, and students
Community survey results
indicate increases in
feelings of safety, although
more than half of
respondents believe that
crime is increasing.
Improve processes for outreach
and increase referrals for those
seeking services
Successful creation of OHS
has improved processes;
dual deployment of police
and services has reportedly
increased referral success
rates.
Reduce the criminal incidents
impacting community safety and
quality of life
Great success reducing
theft-related crime. Room
for improvement reducing
violent crimes.

Crime Outcome Overview
Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Fewer incidents of assault and
aggravated assault
Not yet successful
Fewer incidents of trespassing
Successful
Less visible usage of illicit drugs
Numbers too low to
evaluate
Fewer instances of open drug sales
Successful by
community survey, not
yet successful by crime
incidents
Reduction in number of prostitution
related incidents
Numbers too low to
evaluate
Fewer incidents of theft
Successful

Community Survey Results
The community survey combines both of the 27th Avenue Corridor project areas. Data
was gathered in June 2023 and May 2025, via online survey distributed to the Community
Committees. Full results are available in Appendix D. Compared to 2023, the results from 2025
indicated a 7% increase in residents reporting feeling safe or very safe, at 41%, up from 34%. A
6% decrease was seen in the percentage of respondents feeling unsafe or very unsafe. This is
a positive outcome for community members’ feelings of safety in this area. One area for
improvement is in communicating successful reductions in crime, as just over half (52%) of
respondents reported in 2025 that crime had gone up in their neighborhood over the last year.
Similarly, even though thefts have decreased significantly in this area, there was a 7% increase
(up to 83% of respondents) who view theft as a serious problem in their neighborhood.
The community survey was also used to measure some desired outcomes that police
incident data was not suited to. In this area, this includes outcomes related to blight, graffiti, and
homeless encampments. Community survey results varied in these outcomes. Regarding blight,
in 2023, 61% of respondents replied that blight/trash was a problem in their neighborhood, and
this increased to 66% in 2025. In 2023, 27% of respondents indicated that blight/trash affected
their feelings of safety the most, decreasing slightly to 23% in 2025. However, graffiti/vandalism
was reported as a problem by 55% of respondents in 2023, but only 46% in 2025. In 2023, 25%
of respondents indicated that graffiti/vandalism affected their feelings of safety the most, down
to 13% in 2025. Homeless encampments elicited the most responses of these three, with 84%
of respondents indicating it was a problem in 2023, and a small decrease to 81% in 2025. In
2023, 63% of respondents indicated that this was the issue that most affected their feelings of
safety, and this increased to 68% in 2025.
Overdoses
Data is available for Phoenix EMS responses to suspected overdoses for 2022, 2023,
and 2024. In the 27th Avenue Corridor areas, they responded to 9% fewer suspected overdoses
in 2023 compared to 2022. However, 2024 saw a 9% increase from 2022 and a 20% increase
from the prior year. However, currently, there is insufficient data to fully evaluate overdose
outcomes as fatal overdose data is unavailable.
EMS Annual Responses to Suspected Overdoses in Areas 1 & 2: North 27th Avenue Corridor

Year
Responses to Suspected Overdoses
2022
415
2023
377
2024
454

Crime Outcomes
Prior to the intervention period, Area 2 experienced an average of 3,267 relevant
incidents reported to police per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 247 incidents
per period. The overall crime reduction goal for the selected incidents was set at 2,774 (see
chart below). This overall goal was met in every intervention time period, with the lowest number
of incidents (2,107) in the 2024-2025 time period. This represents a 35% reduction from the pre-

intervention average, and an almost 40% reduction from the high in 2020-2021. There was a
19.5% reduction from the previous period with the introduction of the RTOC.

Examination of the selected offenses in terms of consensual and non-consensual crimes
displays successful results for non-consensual crimes, but not consensual crime. For non-
consensual crimes, Area 2 experienced a pre-intervention average of 2,997 incidents per 12-
month time period, with a standard deviation of 218, and resulting goal of 2,540 incidents. This
goal was met every time period, with the full implementation of the RTOC displaying the fewest
incidents of non-consensual crimes (see chart below). For consensual crimes, Area 2 had a pre-
intervention average of 290 incidents per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 54,
and resulting goal of 183. The most recent time period had the least number of this type of crime
incident, but did not meet the goal.

A further breakdown of the offense types included in each category highlights which
offenses are more frequent in each category. Sex trafficking was removed from this analysis
due to low frequency. Violent, non-consensual crimes did not show significant differences for
aggravated assaults and assaults, but did not suffer from notable increases. In contrast, robbery
decreased to two standard deviations below the pre-intervention mean at the beginning of the
intervention (41 incidents), and remained low with only a slight increase in the most recent time
period (48 incidents). Thefts of all types showed successful reductions in frequency, with
burglary showing a notable drop and trending down over the course of the intervention.
Shoplifting experienced an initial drop, but had a significant decrease in the 2024-2025 period,
ending 69% below the pre-intervention average. Trespassing decreased every period during the
intervention period, with reductions surpassing two standard deviations in the most recent two
time periods. The lowest number of trespassing incidents was reported in 2024-2025, at 480
incidents.

For consensual crimes in Area 2, 27th Avenue Metro Center, relevant police incidents
with low frequencies are excluded here. Disturbance incidents were lower during the
intervention period than the pre-intervention period, averaging 17 per period compared to an
average of 32 pre-intervention. Drug offenses did not display a clear trend during the
intervention period, with frequencies below the pre-intervention average of 251 in 2022-2023
and 2024-2025, but above that average at 289 in 2023-2024.

Area 3: Bell Road
Goals
Goal
Assessment
Improve the perceived safety of
area residents, businesses,
patrons, and students
Successful
Improve processes for outreach
and increase referrals for those
seeking services
Successful creation of OHS
has improved processes;
dual deployment of police
and services has reportedly
increased referral success
rates.
Reduce the criminal incidents
impacting community safety and
quality of life
Successful

Crime Outcome Overview
Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Fewer instances of open drug
sales
Successful by crime
incident indicators.
Less visible usage of illicit drugs
Successful
Fewer incidents of trespassing
Successful
Fewer incidents of assault and
aggravated assault
Successful
Fewer incidents of theft
Successful

Other Outcomes
Goal
Project Progress
Decreased
encampments/individuals
experiencing homelessness
Successful
Fewer blighted properties
Successful
Less graffiti in public areas
Successful
Decreased overdoses/fatal
overdoses
Data pending

Community Survey Outcomes
The community survey included the Bell Road project area. Data was gathered in June
2023 and May 2025, via online survey distributed to the Community Committees. Full results
are available in Appendix D. Compared to 2023, the results from 2025 indicated a large 43%
increase in residents reporting feeling safe or very safe, at 68%, up from 25%. A 36% decrease
was seen in percentage of respondents feeling unsafe or very unsafe. This is a highly positive
outcome for community members’ feelings of safety in this area. A more moderate improvement
is in perceptions of frequency of crime, as just under half (48%) of respondents reported in 2025
that crime had gone up in their neighborhood over the last year. Similarly, even though thefts

have decreased significantly in this area, there was a 1% increase (up to 78% of respondents)
who view theft as a serious problem in their neighborhood.
The community survey was also used to measure some desired outcomes that police
incident data was not suited to. In this area, this includes outcomes related to blight, graffiti, and
homeless encampments. Community survey results varied in these outcomes. Regarding blight,
in 2023, 71% of respondents replied that blight/trash was a problem in their neighborhood, and
this decreased to 47% in 2025. In 2023, 21% of respondents indicated that blight/trash affected
their feelings of safety the most, decreasing to 13% in 2025. Graffiti/vandalism was reported as
a problem by 64% of respondents in 2023, but only 37% in 2025. In 2023, 20% of respondents
indicated that graffiti/vandalism affected their feelings of safety the most, down to 11% in 2025.
Perceptions of open drug use as a neighborhood problem saw a 31% decrease from 2023
(80%) to 2025 (55%). Homeless encampments elicited the most responses of these four, with
86% of respondents indicating it was a problem in 2023, and a decrease to 64% in 2025. In
2023, 71% of respondents indicated that this was the issue that most affected their feelings of
safety, and this decreased to 64% in 2025.
Overdoses
Data is available for Phoenix EMS responses to suspected overdoses for 2022, 2023,
and 2024. In the Bell Road project area, they responded to 7% more suspected overdoses in
2023 compared to 2022 and were comparable in 2024 to 2023. However, currently, there is
insufficient data to fully evaluate overdose outcomes as fatal overdose data is unavailable.
EMS Annual Responses to Suspected Overdoses in Areas 3: Bell Road

Year
Responses to Suspected Overdoses
2022
201
2023
215
2024
214

Crime Outcomes
Prior to the intervention period, Area 3, Bell Road experienced an average of 1,975
relevant incidents reported to police per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 220
incidents per period. The overall crime reduction goal for the selected incidents was set at 1,574
(see chart below). This goal was met during each full 12-month period of the intervention, with a
remarkable 46% drop in reported incidents in the 2022-2023 period compared to the previous
period.

Dividing the data into consensual and non-consensual crimes shows the majority of the overall
reduction can be attributed to non-consensual crimes. For non-consensual crimes, Area 3 (Bell
Road) experienced a pre-intervention average of 1,753 incidents per 12-month time period, with
a standard deviation of 134, and resulting goal of 1,483 incidents. Every time period during the
intervention was substantially under this goal, ranging between 1,024 and 1,091 incidents per
period.
Consensual crimes for Bell Road averaged 222 incidents per 12-month period prior to
intervention, with a standard deviation of 69, and corresponding goal of 84 incidents. While
these crimes did decline compared to the immediately previous time periods, and show
additional small declines annually, the goal was ultimately not reached. The 2024-2025 time
period had the fewest number of consensual crime incidents, with 99 incidents.

The non-consensual crimes in Area 3, Bell Road, showed steep declines as a group, but
have variations within the group. Here, sex trafficking is excluded due to low numbers. Among
the violent crimes, aggravated assault declined by about half of the pre-intervention high, from
114 incidents in the 2020-2021 period, to a low of 63 in the 2023-2024 time period. Assaults do
not show a clear trend, with a low of 145 in 2023-2024, followed by a rebound to 188 in 2024-
2025. Robberies decreased from the high, but appear to have regressed to pre-pandemic
averages. All three theft categories showed notable decreases, with shoplifting being the most
dramatic. Shoplifting dropped from more than five hundred in two pre-intervention time periods
to under one hundred in the most recent time period. Trespassing is also remarkable, as it was
trending upward pre-intervention, but decreased to below the pre-intervention low of 297 in all
three intervention time periods.

Of the consensual crimes included in the initial analysis, only disturbances and drug
incidents occurred above minimal frequency. While disturbances showed small decreases in
low frequencies, drug incidents declined by more than half over the course of the intervention.
While consensual crimes overall did not result in significant reductions, drug incidents in
themselves did. The pre-intervention average for these incidents was 198 per 12-month period,
the most recent period had only 85 incidents.

Area 4: Hatcher Road
Goals
Goal
Assessment
Improve the perceived safety of
area residents, businesses,
patrons, and students
Successful
Improve processes for outreach
and increase referrals for those
seeking services
Successful creation of OHS
has improved processes;
dual deployment of police
and services has reportedly
increased referral success
rates.
Reduce the criminal incidents
impacting community safety and
quality of life
Successful

Crime Outcomes
Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Fewer incidents of trespassing
Successful
Less visible usage of illicit drugs
Successful
Fewer instances of open drug
sales
Successful by crime
incident indicators.
Fewer incidents of assault and
aggravated assault
Successful
Fewer incidents of theft
Successful

Other Outcomes
Goal
Project Progress
Decreased
encampments/individuals
experiencing homelessness
Successful
Less graffiti in public areas
Successful
Fewer blighted properties
Successful
Decreased overdoses/fatal
overdoses
Data pending

Community Survey Results
The community survey included the Hatcher Road project area. Data was gathered in
June 2023 and May 2025, via online survey distributed to the community committees. Full
results are available in Appendix D. Compared to 2023, the results from 2025 indicated a large
25% increase in residents reporting feeling safe or very safe, at 53%, up from 28%. A 36%
decrease was seen in percentage of respondents feeling unsafe or very unsafe.
This is a positive outcome for community members’ feelings of safety in this area. A
more moderate improvement is in perceptions of frequency of crime, as 31% of respondents
reported in 2025 that crime had gone up in their neighborhood over the last year, down from
38% when comparing 2023 to 2021. Similarly, even though thefts have decreased significantly

in this area, there was a 4% decrease (72% down from 76% of respondents) who view theft as
a serious problem in their neighborhood.
As noted, the community survey was also used to measure some desired outcomes that
police incident data was not suited to. In this area, this includes outcomes related to blight,
graffiti, and homeless encampments. Community survey results varied in these outcomes.
Regarding blight, in 2023, 60% of respondents replied that blight/trash was a problem in their
neighborhood, and this decreased to 46% in 2025. In 2023, 8% of respondents indicated that
blight/trash affected their feelings of safety the most, increasing to 17% in 2025.
Graffiti/vandalism was reported as a problem by 56% of respondents in 2023, but only 43% in
2025. In 2023, 20% of respondents indicated that graffiti/vandalism affected their feelings of
safety the most, and this held stable for 2025. Perceptions of open drug use as a neighborhood
problem saw a 20% decrease from 2023 (80%) to 2025 (60%). Homeless encampments elicited
the most responses of these three, with 84% of respondents indicating it was a problem in 2023,
and a decrease to 62% in 2025. In 2023, 76% of respondents indicated that this was the issue
that most affected their feelings of safety, and this decreased to 57% in 2025.
Overdoses
Data is available for Phoenix EMS responses to suspected overdoses for 2022, 2023,
2024. Near the Hatcher Road project area, they responded to 21% more suspected overdoses
in 2023 compared to 2022. 2024 saw a 17% reduction in suspected overdoses compared to
2022. However, currently, there is insufficient data to fully evaluate overdose outcomes as fatal
overdose data is unavailable.
EMS Annual Responses to Suspected Overdoses in Area 4: Hatcher Road

Year
Responses to Suspected Overdoses
2022
236
2023
285
2024
195

Crime Outcomes
Prior to the intervention period, Area 4, Hatcher Road, experienced an average of 359
relevant incidents reported to police per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation of 32
incidents per period. The overall crime reduction goal for the selected incidents was set at 297.
Incidents increased during the first 12-month time period of the intervention, then decreased
sharply (43%) in the most recent time period. Qualitative interviews with city staff attribute this
largely to the implementation of a coordinated outreach and engagement strategy focused on
addressing individuals experiencing unsheltered homelessness, who were relying on St. Vincent
de Paul’s Chris Becker Resource Center to meet their daily needs. The strategy was deployed
in December 2023 in response to neighborhood concerns and the planned closing of the
Resource Center in February 2024.

Dividing the data into consensual and non-consensual crimes shows the majority of the
overall reduction can be attributed to non-consensual crimes. For non-consensual crimes, Area
4, Hatcher Road, experienced a pre-intervention average of 294 incidents per 12-month time
period, with a standard deviation of 15, and resulting goal of 264 incidents. The initial two
intervention periods did not achieve the goal, but the final 12-month period was substantially
under the goal at 196 incidents.
Consensual crimes for Area 4, Hatcher Road, averaged 66 incidents per 12-month period prior
to intervention, with a standard deviation of 35. Use of standard deviations here would have
resulted in a negative number, and so the goal was set at 50% of the pre-intervention average,
or 33 crimes per 12-month time period. These crimes fluctuated over the course of the
intervention, but the final time period met the goal at 26 reported offenses.

Among the offenses of interest, the only consensual crime that had more than minimal
incidents in the relevant 12-month time period was drug offenses. These offenses increased in
the first two 12-month intervention periods, but dropped to only 19 incidents in the final period.

When analyzing non-consensual crimes in Area 4, Hatcher Road, robbery, sex
trafficking, and shoplifting were dropped due to low frequencies. Aggravated assaults did not
show a meaningful change from the pre-intervention time period, but assaults were consistently
approximately 20% lower than in pre-intervention time periods, ranging from 48 to 50 incidents
per 12-month time period during the intervention. Burglaries had a significant decrease from the
pre-intervention average, between 15% and 30%. Other thefts initially increased during the
intervention, but ended at 44 in the last time period, 17% below the pre-intervention average of
52 incidents. As visible in the chart, non-consensual crimes in this area were dominated by
trespassing offenses, which dropped 54% from the pre-intervention average to 51 incidents in
the most recent 12-month time period.

Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor
Goals
Goal
Assessment
Improve the perceived safety of
area residents, businesses,
patrons, and students
Successful
Improve processes for outreach
and increase referrals for those
seeking services
Successful creation of OHS
has improved processes;
dual deployment of police
and services has reportedly
increased referral success
rates.
Reduce the criminal incidents
impacting community safety and
quality of life
Successful

Crime Outcomes

Desired Outcome
Project Progress
Fewer incidents of trespassing
Successful
Less visible usage of illicit drugs
Successful by community
survey, not yet successful
by crime incidents
Fewer incidents of assault and
aggravated assault
Successful
Fewer instances of open drug
sales
Successful by community
survey, not yet successful
by crime incidents
Fewer incidents of theft
Successful

Other Outcomes

Goal
Project Progress
Decreased
encampments/individuals
experiencing homelessness
Successful
Fewer blighted properties
Not yet successful
Less graffiti in public areas
Successful
Decreased overdoses/fatal
overdoses
Data pending

Community Survey Responses
The community survey included the 19th Avenue Corridor project area. Data was
gathered in June 2023 and May 2025, via online survey distributed to the community
committees. Full results are available in Appendix D. Compared to 2023, the results from 2025

indicated an 11% increase in residents reporting feeling safe or very safe, at 51%, up from 40%.
An 8% decrease was seen in the percentage of respondents feeling unsafe or very unsafe.
Another improvement is in perceptions of frequency of crime, as 39% of respondents reported in
2025 that crime had gone up in their neighborhood over the last year, down from 48% in 2023,
when respondents were asked to compare 2023 to 2021. Although thefts have decreased
noticeably in this area, there was a 6% increase (83% up from 77% of respondents) who view
theft as a serious problem in their neighborhood.
As noted, the community survey was also used to measure some desired outcomes that
police incident data was not suited to. In this area, this includes outcomes related to blight,
graffiti, and homeless encampments. Community survey results varied in these outcomes.
Regarding blight, in 2023, 52% of respondents replied that blight/trash was a problem in their
neighborhood, and this increased to 59% in 2025. In 2023, 16% of respondents indicated that
blight/trash affected their feelings of safety the most, increasing to 26% in 2025.
Graffiti/vandalism was reported as a problem by 54% of respondents in 2023, but only 43% in
2025. In 2023, 12% of respondents indicated that graffiti/vandalism affected their feelings of
safety the most, and this increased to 20% for 2025. Perceptions of open drug use as a
neighborhood problem saw a 10% decrease from 2023 (70%) to 2025 (60%). Homeless
encampments elicited the most responses of these categories, with 80% of respondents
indicating it was a problem in 2023, and a decrease to 73% in 2025. In 2023, 60% of
respondents indicated that this was the issue that most affected their feelings of safety, and this
held stable in 2025.
Overdoses
Data is available for Phoenix EMS responses to suspected overdoses for 2022, 2023,
and 2024. In the 19th Avenue Corridor area, they responded to 20% more suspected overdoses
in 2023 compared to 2022 but saw a 10% decrease in 2024. However, currently, there is
insufficient data to fully evaluate overdose outcomes as fatal overdose data is unavailable.
EMS Annual Responses to Suspected Overdoses in Areas 5: 19th Avenue Corridor

Year
Responses to Suspected Overdoses
2022
424
2023
507
2024
380

Crime Outcomes
Prior to the intervention period, Area 5, 19th Avenue Corridor, experienced an average of
7,174 relevant incidents reported to police per 12-month time period, with a standard deviation
of 303 incidents per period. The overall crime reduction goal for the selected incidents was set
at 6,569. As seen in the bar chart below, the selected offenses fluctuated over the course of the
intervention, but decreased over 14% in the most recent 12-month time period to finish below
the goal, at 5,949 incidents in the project area. This is a large area with a high frequency of
crimes, so it is worth noting that this decrease is more than 1,500 incidents fewer than the pre-
intervention high of 7,461.

Dividing the data into consensual and non-consensual crimes shows the majority of the
overall reduction can be attributed to non-consensual crimes. For non-consensual crimes, Area
5, 19th Avenue Corridor, experienced a pre-intervention average of 6,657 incidents per 12-
month time period, with a standard deviation of 311, and resulting goal of 6,053 incidents. All
three intervention time periods met this goal, with the lowest frequency in the most recent time
period at 5,398 incidents.
Consensual crimes for Area 5, 19th Avenue Corridor, averaged 499 incidents per 12-
month period prior to intervention, with a standard deviation of 37, with a resulting goal of 425
incidents per 12-month period. These crimes fluctuated over the course of the intervention, but
ultimately, did not meet the reduction goal, with the lowest intervention time period reporting 551
incidents in 2024-2025.

Among the consensual offenses of interest, only disturbances and drug offenses were
frequent enough to include in the limited analysis. Disturbances in the 19th Avenue Corridor
project area initially increased over the pre-intervention average of 58 incidents per 12-month
time period, but by the 2024-2025 period had decreased to 56 incidents. Drug incidents had a
pre-intervention average of 398 incidents per 12-month time period. During the intervention
period, these increased to a high of 862 during the 2023-2024 time period, before falling to 477
in the 2024-2025 time period, not reaching the reduction goal. As consensual crimes reports are
driven by enforcement efforts, this may be the result of increased attention to these offenses.

Graph: Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor, Selected Consensual Incidents, May 1, 2018 to April 30,
2025

When analyzing non-consensual crime incidents for Area 5, 19th Avenue Corridor, sex
trafficking was dropped due to low frequency of incidents. The results are positive for violent
crime, with decreases during intervention time periods for aggravated assault, assault, and
robbery. Aggravated assaults showed the most modest reductions comparatively, with the
lowest incidents in 2024-2025 at 440 incidents. Assaults decreased during the initial full
intervention time period, and stayed lower throughout, averaging 12% below the pre-
intervention average. Robberies decreased steadily over the course of the intervention, with
more than a 50% reduction comparing the first time period to the last. Among theft crimes,
burglaries showed the steadiest change, with decreases during each 12-month intervention time
period. There was a 37% decrease from the highest pre-intervention time period to the lowest,
most recent intervention time period. Shoplifting fluctuated over the course of the intervention,
ending higher in the last intervention time period than the initial intervention time period, but still
lower than the pre-intervention highs. Other thefts showed a decrease in each intervention time
period, with an almost 500 incident decrease between the peak time period and the 2024-2025
time period. In contrast, trespassing incidents increased in the first two intervention time
periods, before falling approximately 11% in the final time period.

Graph: Area 5: 19th Avenue Corridor, Selected Non-Consensual Incidents, May 1, 2018 to April
30, 2025

Citywide Crime Comparisons
The five project areas combined represent 4.23% of the total police grid areas in
Phoenix, but 16.89% of the selected crimes. Additionally, as these areas are embedded in the
geography of the city, it is worthwhile to conduct a brief comparison of trends for these crimes
outside of the project area. Did the rest of the city experience similar changes in crime during
this time? If the project areas are significantly better than the rest of the city, it provides
additional evidence that the interventions were effective. An initial bar chart of the selected
incident types displayed below indicates that the rest of the city experienced notable decreases
in these crimes as well, with all three full intervention time periods reporting frequencies more
than two standard deviations below the pre-intervention time periods.

Further breaking this data down into consensual and non-consensual crimes shows significant
decreases in both categories, which are fairly consistent with the project areas.

Within high-frequency consensual crimes, disturbances were stable, but drug crimes decreased
significantly in the most recent 12-month time period.

In non-consensual crimes, organized retail theft and sex trafficking were excluded for
low frequency, but the most notable trend is the decrease in theft crimes. Burglary offenses in
particular were down more than 50% compared to the initial pre-intervention time period. One
offense that stands out for its smaller decrease and relative stability is trespassing. Whereas the
project areas showed large decreases in trespassing, particularly in the most recent time period,
the rest of the city did not appear to experience a similar decrease.

Perceptions of Project
As part of this project, ASU faculty conducted qualitative interviews, participated in
ride-alongs with Phoenix PD, attended Community Committee meetings, and attended staff
meetings for each project area. Overall, the project has been well-received, both by city staff
and community members. Staff from various areas appreciated the success they have had in
working together to solve community problems, and plan to continue to do so in the future. This
sentiment was common to Police, Prosecutor’s Office, Neighborhood Services, Office of
Homeless Solutions, and PHX C.A.R.E.S. staff. In a few instances, operating staff indicated that
they were unaware of the project goals. At some points in the intervention, the additional
workload on staff to communicate about the project became wearing, and meetings were scaled
back. For example, each community committee was meeting monthly, and each of their
meetings required a staff preparatory meeting in the same week. With community meetings
running up to two hours in the evenings, meetings were eventually reduced to every other
month for each project area. As described earlier, police department staff reported a number of
positives about the RTOCs, and anticipate increasing their usefulness in the future.
The community committee members were consistently involved and enthusiastic about the
project. They were frequently complimentary and appreciative towards staff in meetings and
often suggested areas that could use additional attention. However, the committee members
were also frustrated with perceptions of slow progress over the course of the project. As
reflected in the community survey, they frequently expressed that they did not feel like problems
were getting resolved. There are several notable points of frustration. First, community
committee members repeatedly were concerned that people who were arrested in their areas
were back in those areas the next day, or even the same day. Staff addressed this concern with
education on the criminal justice process, particularly with regards to bail and pre-trial release.
The prosecutorial staff also began reporting on repeat arrestees, with regard to their low
frequency. Second, community members were frustrated with several aspects of response time.
They felt wait times to reach the Police Department were so long that people gave up on trying
to report crimes, and were concerned that decreases in reported crimes were artificially created
by long wait times. Data on this was unavailable at this time. Staff members offered several
alternatives, including specialized phone lines and email.

Recommendations
In addition to analyzing the impact of the Community Safety Plans initiative on reported
crime and disorder, and on community perceptions of safety, we reached some broader
conclusions about the processes employed in this initiative that lead us to offer the following
recommendations for consideration by Phoenix local government leaders.
1. Make engaging community stakeholders in the process of defining public-safety
problems, determining what is contributing to them, developing new interventions, and,
where appropriate, helping to implement those new interventions a routine way of
addressing public-safety concerns in the city. Properly done, engaging the community
directly in the process of addressing public-safety concerns is both more likely to lead to
effective interventions and to show the community that its government is responsive to
those concerns. It also helps educate the public about the challenges of addressing
complex public-safety problems.
2. Develop a flexible structure within city government for addressing chronic public-safety
concerns that mirrors the structure of this initiative, with inter-agency leadership to steer
major initiatives (e.g., high-ranking officials from the City Manager’s office, Police
Department, Neighborhood Services Department, and City Prosecutor’s Office, along
with other agency representatives as needed). Additionally, establish similar flexible
structures at the operating level. Ideally, each police squad area (a total of 20 across the
7 police precincts) would have a dedicated police official (e.g., the Community Action
Officer or NET detective) and a dedicated city government official (who can coordinate
city services across departments) who would take the lead in establishing ad hoc
working groups that are tailored to specific public-safety problems. They would jointly be
responsible for identifying pressing public-safety problems, analyzing them (with
assistance from analysts), developing and implementing new response plans (with
support from the sergeants, lieutenants, and commander within their precinct chain of
command, and the requisite leadership from other city departments), and assessing
whether desired goals were attained (again, with assistance from analysts).
3. Develop a computerized tracking system to monitor progress on discrete public-safety
problem initiatives. Such a system should be accessible to both police administrators
and city managers. It would help keep projects moving forward, avoiding the common
phenomenon whereby projects are abandoned when key personnel move on to other
assignments.
4. Routinely consult research- and practice-based knowledge to inform local initiatives to
address public-safety issues. (ASU’s Center for Problem-Oriented Policing
[www.asu.popcenter.edu] is one major source of this guidance, synthesizing research
and the practical experiences of police worldwide.)
5. Periodically monitor conditions after each public-safety problem initiative has been
formally completed to ensure that problems don’t resurface once focused attention
ceases.
6. Upon expansion of the Real-Time Operations Centers to all police precincts, provide
adequate staffing, especially of police assistants and RTOC specialists, to maximize the
capabilities of the surveillance technology. Use the surveillance technology not only for

detecting individual crimes and apprehending offenders, but also for detecting and
analyzing emerging public-safety problems.
7. Substantially enhance the Police Department's and City’s promotion of public safety
through design (including Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design and
situational crime prevention). Place- and problem-specific design of spaces and products
can significantly prevent crime problems from arising in the first instance.
8. Routinely inform the affected communities about new public-safety initiatives and the
results of them.
9. Commit city government to the core principle that public safety is a shared responsibility
of police, other government agencies, non-government organizations, and the residential
and business communities. Police should seldom be tasked with addressing public-
safety issues alone.
10. Adopt a stronger governmental stance toward holding property owners and managers
accountable for responsible property management that reduces the risks of criminal and
disorderly conduct at and around those properties.

Conclusions
This Community Safety Plan project has covered almost 5% of police geographic grids
for the City of Phoenix, lasting over three years, costing millions of dollars, and involving at least
a half dozen city departments. The goals for the plan are extensive across the five project
areas, addressing not just crime but also perceptions of crime and quality-of-life issues. There
are three overarching goals, and ten desired outcomes.
The perceptions of safety goal, as measured by the community survey, was a success.
Every project area displayed a notable improvement in feelings of safety. The crime-reduction
goals overall were successful as well. While outcomes varied for some offenses, every project
area met its overall crime-reduction goal of two standard deviations below the pre-intervention
average by the end of the April 2025. As similar reductions were seen citywide, and
interventions overlap, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the cause of the reductions.
One notable exception may be trespassing, which declined significantly in the project areas but
not outside of them, indicating that interventions in those areas were successful at reducing this
offense. Improvement in processes for outreach and increased referrals for those seeking
services was more difficult to assess. At this time, data on service-referral-acceptance rates are
not available. Discussions with staff, however, indicate increased success when both police and
service staff cooperate in outreach efforts.
The desired outcomes with crime-incident-report data were more mixed at the offense
level. One area of concern for community members is prostitution incidents in the 27th Avenue
Corridor project areas, which have not shown a significant decrease compared to pre-
intervention time periods. Discussion with police staff suggest that this is a result of ongoing,
increased enforcement efforts compared to before the intervention, and that the rotation of sex
workers on an interstate “circuit” contributes to the ongoing high frequency of prostitution in this
area. Accurately measuring the amount of consensual crimes such as prostitution and drug
dealing is much more complex than measuring nonconsensual crime because most consensual
crime goes undetected by citizens or police, and measuring these crimes based on police
actions is at least partly a function of how much effort police put into detecting these crimes. Our
evaluation did not have the resources to do the sort of observational counts necessary to
accurately measure the actual volume of prostitution and drug dealing. Citizen and police
perceptions, along with arrest data, provide useful insights, but not definitive proof of impact.
At this time, the City is considering plans to reduce the CSP to follow-up status in both
the Bell Road and Hatcher Road areas, with continued intense efforts in the 27th Avenue and
19th Avenue corridors. The planned six-month follow-ups will allow the City to determine if its
efforts have maintained effectiveness, or if new interventions need to take place. We look
forward to seeing the evolution of this project.

Appendices
Appendix A: Initial project areas

Appendix B: Final Project Areas

Appendix C: Police Grids by Area
Area 1
N. 27th Avenue
Corridor, Midtown
Area 2
N. 37th Avenue,
Metro Center
Area 3
Bell Road
Area 4
Hatcher Road
Area 5
19th Avenue
BG21A
CG21
DF21
CH26
BH23A
BG22
CG22
DF22
CH27
BH24
BG23B
CH20
DF23
CI25
BI23A
BH20A
CH21
DF24
CI26
BI24
BH21
CH22
DF25

BI25
BH22
CI20A
DG20

BJ23A
BH23A
CI21
DG21

BJ24
BH23B
CI22
DG22

BJ25
BI20
CI23
DG23

CA23A
BI21
CJ20
DG24

CA24
BI22
CJ21
DG25

CA25
BI23B
CJ22
DH20

CB23A
BJ20
CJ23
DH21

CB24
BJ21
DA20
DH22

CB25
BJ22
DA21
DH23A

CC23A
BJ23B
DA22
DH23B

CC24
CA20
DA23
DH24

CC25
CA21
DB20
DH25

CD23A
CA22
DB21
DI25

CD24
CA23B
DB22

CD25
CB20
DB23

CE23A
CB21

CE24
CB22

CE25
CB23B

CF23A
CC20

CF24
CC21

CF25
CC22

CG23A
CC23B

CG24
CD20

CG25
CD21

CH23
CD22

CH24
CD23B

CH25
CE20

CE21

CE22

CE23B

CF21

CF22

CF23B

Appendix D: Community Survey Results

27th Avenue Community Safety Plan

Q1. Overall, how safe do you feel in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Very safe/somewhat safe
34%
41%
Very unsafe/somewhat unsafe 53%
48%
Neither safe nor unsafe
13%
11%

Q2. Thinking back to December 2021, would you say crime in your neighborhood
has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

Increased
60%
Stayed the
same
29%
Decreased
11%

Q3. In the past 12 months (April 2024 - April 2025), would you say crime in your
neighborhood has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

The values for Questions 4-7 represent the percentage each issue was selected out of
the total number of responses.

Q4. Are any of the crimes below a serious problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Assaults with a weapon
35%
36%
Physical assault
43%
36%
Sexual assault
18%
17%
Theft
76%
83%
Threats with a weapon
40%
39%
None
11%
14%

Q5. Of the crimes mentioned in the previous question which affects your feelings
of safety the most within your neighborhood?i
• Theft – 71% of responses
• Physical assault – 42% of responses
• Threats with weapon – 42% of responses
• Assaults with a weapon – 38% of responses
• Sexual assault – 27% of responses
• None – 9% of responses

Increased
52%
Stayed the
same
38%
Decreased
10%

Q6. Are any of the issues below a problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
34%
29%
Blight/trash
61%
66%
Graffiti/vandalism
55%
46%
Homeless encampments
84%
81%
Loitering/hanging out
79%
79%
Open drinking/drug use
70%
71%
Open drug sales
60%
53%
Panhandling/begging
75%
68%
Poor lighting
60%
47%
Prostitution
56%
44%
None
<1%
3%

Q7. Of the issues you selected above, which affect your feelings of safety the
most?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
17%
4%
Blight/trash
27%
23%
Graffiti/vandalism
25%
13%
Homeless encampments
63%
68%
Loitering/hanging out
50%
51%
Open drinking/drug use
58%
61%
Open drug sales
50%
50%
Panhandling/begging
41%
42%
Poor lighting
39%
26%
Prostitution
41%
36%
None
<1%
3%

Q8. (Excluded from analysis: merely identified respondent’s Safety Plan area)
Q9. Summary of free response question
Some residents have noticed a positive change in cleanliness and safety. However,
many expressed homeless encampments with visible drug use remain a frequent
problem on overpasses, sidewalks, and near parks. This problem’s visibility near
children, families and businesses is a source of frustration for the community. The
community expressed the prostitution situation has improved in the area surrounding
the former Royal Inn but remains along 27th Avenue. Residents believe police
enforcement could be more proactive with a stronger presence in this corridor.

Response and Optional Demographics Summary
414 total responses for 27th Avenue corridor.

Race:
Ethnicity
Gender
Age (Mean)
81% White
56% Non-Hispanic or Latino 79% Female
44 years
8% Native American
44% Hispanic or Latino
19% Male

6% Black or African American

2% NR

4% Asian

1% Native Hawaiian/Other
Pacific Islander

19th Avenue Community Safety Plan

Q1. Overall, how safe do you feel in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Very safe/somewhat safe
40%
51%
Very unsafe/somewhat unsafe 46%
38%
Neither safe nor unsafe
14%
11%

Q2. Thinking back to December 2021, would you say crime in your neighborhood
has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

Increased
48%
Stayed the
same
36%
Decreased
16%

Q3. In the past 12 months (April 2024 - April 2025), would you say crime in your
neighborhood has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

The values for Questions 4-7 represent the percentage each issue was selected out of
the total number of responses.

Q4. Are any of the crimes below a serious problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Assaults with a weapon
36%
37%
Physical assault
39%
36%
Sexual assault
13%
12%
Theft
77%
83%
Threats with a weapon
34%
41%
None
12%
17%

Q5. Of the crimes mentioned in the previous question which affects your feelings
of safety the most within your neighborhood?i
• Theft – 67% of responses
• Physical assault – 39% of responses
• Threats with weapon – 35% of responses
• Assaults with a weapon – 33% of responses
• Sexual assault – 24% of responses
• None – 11% of responses

Increased
39%
Stayed the
same
50%
Decreased
11%

Q6. Are any of the issues below a problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
26%
21%
Blight/trash
52%
59%
Graffiti/vandalism
54%
43%
Homeless encampments
80%
73%
Loitering/hanging out
84%
67%
Open drinking/drug use
70%
60%
Open drug sales
46%
39%
Panhandling/begging
76%
60%
Poor lighting
53%
40%
Prostitution
21%
19%
None
3%
8%

Q7. Of the issues you selected above, which affect your feelings of safety the
most?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
8%
5%
Blight/trash
16%
26%
Graffiti/vandalism
12%
20%
Homeless encampments
61%
61%
Loitering/hanging out
60%
53%
Open drinking/drug use
49%
59%
Open drug sales
36%
44%
Panhandling/begging
46%
41%
Poor lighting
30%
26%
Prostitution
10%
14%
None
3%
7%

Q8. (Excluded from analysis: merely identified respondent’s Safety Plan area)
Q9. Summary of free response question
Homelessness and open drug use remain concerns, especially around transit stops,
light rail, parks, and in areas surrounding schools. The community desires a stronger
police presence and enforcement, improved lighting, and traffic enforcement.

Response and Optional Demographics Summary
281 total responses for 19th Avenue corridor.
Race:
Ethnicity
Gender
Age (Mean)
85% White
57% Non-Hispanic or Latino 76% Female
44 years
5% Native American
43% Hispanic or Latino
21% Male

8% Black or African American

3% NR

1% Asian

1% Native Hawaiian/Other
Pacific Islander

Hatcher Road Community Safety Plan

Q1. Overall, how safe do you feel in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Very safe/somewhat safe
28%
53%
Very unsafe/somewhat unsafe 64%
28%
Neither safe nor unsafe
8%
19%

Q2. Thinking back to December 2021, would you say crime in your neighborhood
has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

Increased
38%
Stayed the
same
33%
Decreased
29%

Q3. In the past 12 months (April 2024 - April 2025), would you say crime in your
neighborhood has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

The values for Questions 4-7 represent the percentage each issue was selected out of
the total number of responses.

Q4. Are any of the crimes below a serious problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Assaults with a weapon
40%
27%
Physical assault
60%
20%
Sexual assault
32%
8%
Theft
76%
72%
Threats with a weapon
44%
31%
None
8%
31%

Q5. Of the crimes mentioned in the previous question which affects your feelings
of safety the most within your neighborhood?i
• Theft – 57% of responses
• Physical assault – 38% of responses
• Threats with weapon – 38% of responses
• Assaults with a weapon – 29% of responses
• Sexual assault – 21% of responses
• None – 22% of responses

Increased
31%
Stayed the
same
43%
Decreased
26%

Q6. Are any of the issues below a problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
36%
24%
Blight/trash
60%
46%
Graffiti/vandalism
56%
43%
Homeless encampments
84%
62%
Loitering/hanging out
92%
57%
Open drinking/drug use
80%
60%
Open drug sales
64%
39%
Panhandling/begging
76%
42%
Poor lighting
68%
33%
Prostitution
40%
14%
None
0%
10%

Q7. Of the issues you selected above, which affect your feelings of safety the
most?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
4%
6%
Blight/trash
8%
17%
Graffiti/vandalism
20%
20%
Homeless encampments
76%
57%
Loitering/hanging out
76%
48%
Open drinking/drug use
64%
60%
Open drug sales
60%
38%
Panhandling/begging
52%
30%
Poor lighting
48%
21%
Prostitution
20%
12%
None
0%
9%

Q8. (Excluded from analysis: merely identified respondent’s Safety Plan area)
Q9. Summary of free response question
Residents expressed a decrease in visible encampments, cleaner sidewalks near 10th
Avenue, and overall general cleanliness. The community expressed a need for
increased street lighting on Vogel Avenue and near Mountain View school. The
community requested more gated alleys. Additionally, the neighborhood wants
increased traffic enforcement on Hatcher Road and near the Mountain View school.

Response and Optional Demographics Summary
90 total responses for Hatcher Road corridor.
Race:
Ethnicity
Gender
Age (Mean)
81% White
53% Non-Hispanic or Latino 68% Female
42 years
8% Native American
47% Hispanic or Latino
27% Male

6% Black or African American

5% NR

5% Asian

Bell Road Community Safety Plan

Q1. Overall, how safe do you feel in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Very safe/somewhat safe
25%
68%
Very unsafe/somewhat unsafe 59%
23%
Neither safe nor unsafe
16%
9%

Q2. Thinking back to December 2021, would you say crime in your neighborhood
has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

Increased
56%
Stayed the
same
36%
Decreased
8%

Q3. In the past 12 months (April 2024 - April 2025), would you say crime in your
neighborhood has increased, decreased, or stayed the same?

The values for Questions 4-7 represent the percentage each issue was selected out of
the total number of responses.

Q4. Are any of the crimes below a serious problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Theft
77%
78%
Threats with weapon
30%
29%
Physical assault
41%
28%
Assaults with a weapon
32%
24%
Sexual assault/rape
7%
7%
None
14%
24%

Q5. Of the crimes mentioned in the previous question which affects your feelings
of safety the most within your neighborhood?i
• Theft – 71% of responses
• Threats with weapon – 32% of responses
• Physical assault – 31% of responses
• Assaults with a weapon – 31% of responses
• Sexual assault – 18% of responses
• None – 17% of responses

Increased
48%
Stayed the
same
45%
Decreased
7%

Q6. Are any of the issues below a problem in your neighborhood?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
36%
19%
Blight/trash
71%
47%
Graffiti/vandalism
64%
37%
Homeless encampments
86%
64%
Loitering/hanging out
88%
63%
Open drinking/drug use
80%
55%
Open drug sales
77%
36%
Panhandling/begging
93%
66%
Poor lighting
50%
36%
Prostitution
55%
13%
None
0%
9%

Q7. Of the issues you selected above, which affect your feelings of safety the
most?

June 2023
May 2025
Abandoned cars
4%
4%
Blight/trash
21%
13%
Graffiti/vandalism
20%
11%
Homeless encampments
71%
64%
Loitering/hanging out
55%
49%
Open drinking/drug use
59%
54%
Open drug sales
64%
37%
Panhandling/begging
54%
48%
Poor lighting
32%
23%
Prostitution
23%
7%
None
0%
9%

Q8. (Excluded from analysis: merely identified respondent’s Safety Plan area)
Q9. Summary of free response question
Residents expressed frustration with homeless encampments with visible drug use in
the I-17 and Bell Road underpass and near transit stops. They stated this activity would
have a negative impact on neighborhood children. The community requested increased
traffic enforcement and more outreach programs for those who need services in the
area.

Response and Optional Demographics Summary
201 total responses for the Bell Road corridor.

Race:
Ethnicity
Gender
Age (Mean)
93% White
75% Non-Hispanic or Latino 80% Female
42 years
2% Native American
25% Hispanic or Latino
19% Male

2% Black or African American

1% NR

2% Asian

1% Native Hawaiian/Other
Pacific Islander

Appendix E: Selected Police Incident Types

Aggravated Assault
Assault
Blighted and abandoned
houses/businesses/lots
Burglary
Disturbances
Drugs
Homeless encampment
Illicit drug use
Organized Retail Thefts
Other Thefts
Overdose
Prostitution
Robbery
Sex trafficking
Shoplifting
Shopping Cart
Trash, hazardous waste, and illegal
dumping
Trespass

Appendix F: Inventory of Interventions in the Community Safety Plan Initiatives

1. Alley gating
2. Bike Unit patrol in 19th Ave. and Hatcher Road plans
3. Cactus Park Precinct Neighborhood Enforcement Team (NET) coordination with Maricopa
County Juvenile Probation to apprehend the more violent juvenile probationers in the
precinct
4. Collaboration with federal Bureau of Land Management to enforce the laws prohibiting
camping along the canals
5. Collaboration with Adult Probation to reduce the amount of probationers living in problem
apartment complexes
6. Collaboration with community private security initiatives
7. Community agency roundtables with area service providers
8. Community Committees established for continual community feedback on plan
implementation
9. Community education (on laws, criminal justice system processes and procedures, crime
prevention, graffiti eradication, alley gating, encampment reporting, and more)
10. Consultation with state corporation commission to identify owners of problem properties
11. Conversion of a motel to a senior homeless shelter
12. Conversion of Super 8 motel as permanent housing for senior homeless people
13. Coordination with area schools and universities to improve the quality of life in the area
14. Creation new PPD non-fatal shooting team to thoroughly investigate all shootings of persons
15. Criminal arrests for prostitution (traffickers, prostitutes and clients)
16. Criminal arrests for trespassing
17. Criminal arrests for unlawful firearm possession
18. Criminal prosecution
19. DEA visited 45 hotels along I-17 corridor and handed out thousands of pamphlets regarding
overdose deaths from fentanyl and methamphetamine
20. Demolition of hazardous buildings
21. Development and enforcement of new code of conduct in city parks, with PPD and park
rangers collaborating on enforcement
22. Education and enforcement of illegal mobile and street vending
23. Enforcement of conditional release conditions for repeat offenders
24. Enforcement of new federal law prohibiting sleeping/camping along the canals
25. Enforcing liquor license violations
26. Enforcing ordinances prohibiting using street parking for vehicle repair
27. Engagement of new Phoenix Office of Public Health in the project
28. Engagement of Valley Metro in Community Committees
29. Engagement of Maricopa County Attorney’s Office in city and Community Committee
meetings
30. Establishment of an internal working group to identify solutions to prostitution issue and
evaluate prosecution data
31. Extra off-duty police security at St. Vincent de Paul Day Center
32. Filing of abatement liens
33. Focused attention on violent and repeat offenders
34. Formation of new neighborhood block watches
35. Graffiti heat maps developed and proactive graffiti abatement
36. Hatcher Road community leader’s work with the Office of Homeless Solutions and Public
Health Office.

37. Summer heat relief services offered
38. Hiring of additional community prosecutors
39. Hiring of additional neighborhood inspectors
40. Hiring of additional police assistants
41. Identification of blight along major arterial roadways
42. Identifying residential properties with the highest rates of reported crime and calls for police
service
43. Implementation of new program to encourage gun shop owners to report suspicious buyers
to police, as well as to discourage gun buyers from buying guns for other people
44. Imposed new hours at Homestead Park, higher fence around the park, and relocated
entrance
45. Imposing and enforcing travel restrictions on certain offenders as a condition of release
46. Improvement of playground facilities in some city parks to promote legitimate park usage
47. Inspections of problem properties for code violations
48. Installation and monitoring of video surveillance cameras in high-crime public places
49. Installing speed humps to control speeding in residential areas
50. Issuance of civil citations for code violations
51. Keeping pedestrian tunnels and overpasses clear for legitimate use
52. Mobile cameras placed in parks
53. Monitoring and analysis of automated license plate reader activations at the RTOC and
dispatch of officers to valid alerts for arrests
54. Monitoring and analysis of gunshot detection system activations at the RTOC and dispatch
of officers to valid alerts for arrests and/or the recovery of bullet casings for further analysis
and links to particular guns and other crimes and offenders
55. Narcan/Naloxone training for community members
56. New and enhanced streetlighting
57. No encampment signage along the canal
58. Nuisance abatement actions
59. Opening of North Mountain Healing Center
60. Opening and processing of PHX C.A.R.E.S. cases
61. Outreach services offered to human trafficking victims
62. Outreach and engagement of unhoused individuals from the Office of Homeless Solutions
and other partners (Behavioral Health Engagement teams, CBI, Native American
Connections, etc.)
63. Parks Department contracted overnight security for Cielito, Cortez and Washington parks
64. Parks Department community roundtable on drug use in parks
65. Parks Department increased staff and activation to create positive events at parks
66. Police collaboration with Adult Probation to monitor compliance with conditions of release
67. Positive neighborhood engagement by Neighborhood Specialists (community celebrations
and events, public art support, outreach)
68. Promoted an unused prescription drop-off campaign to control opioid abuse
69. Promoting new legitimate programs in city parks (e.g., gardening, yoga, walking club)
70. Provide forensic training to the PD non-fatal shooting team in collaboration with the hospitals
71. Provide training on nuisance abatement for Police
72. Providing Narcan training for hotel staff
73. Providing services to victims of violent crimes
74. Recommend crime prevention measures to owners/managers of problem properties (e.g.,
apartment complexes, gas station/convenience stores, motels) (collaboration among
Community Action Officers, NSD, the City Prosecutor’s Office, and U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development
75. Recovery of abandoned shopping carts

76. Restrict some access points to public parks
77. Securing, renewing, enforcing authority to arrest (ATA) for trespassing
78. Seizures of drugs
79. Seizures of guns
80. Service of search and arrest warrants
81. Trace bullet casings to determine gun ownership (in collaboration with ATF)
82. Trace ownership history of guns used in crimes (in collaboration with ATF)
83. Trash cleanups
84. Vacant Property Registry launched

Appendix G: List of Staff

Phoenix Police Department
Assistant Chief Sean Kennedy – Patrol Division
Commander Larry Hein – Cactus Park Precinct
Lt. Doug Michaud – Cactus Park Precinct
Sgt. Tim Lynch – Cactus Park Precinct
Commander Warren Brewer – Desert Horizon Precinct
Lt. Scott Cain – Desert Horizon Precinct
Sgt. Jorrell Heil – Desert Horizon Precinct
Lt. Greg Hernandez – Transit Unit
Lt. Ben Sywarungsymun – Black Mountain Precinct
Lt. Christopher Parese – Human Exploitation and Trafficking Unit
Assistant Chief Sean Connelly – Executive Assistant Chief
Assistant Chief Nick DiPonzio
Commander William Wickers
Lt. Nick Jimenez
Lt. Rachel Warren
Sgt. Jonathan Scott
Lt. Mark Schweikert
Lt. Jana Pawlick
Sgt. Michael J Zilles II

Neighborhood Services Department
Spencer Self – Neighborhood Services Director
Greg Gonzales – Program Manager
Krista Roy – Neighborhood Specialist
Johnny Mendoza – Neighborhood Specialist
Yolanda Osorio – Neighborhood Specialist
E. Mari Herrea-Daniels – Neighborhood Specialist
Lisa Huggins – Special Projects Administrator PHX C.A.R.E.S.
Mary Ramirez – Neighborhood Specialist PHX C.A.R.E.S.
Alma Lara – Neighborhood Specialist PHX C.A.R.E.S.
Veronica Ruiz-Leon – Neighborhood Specialist PHX C.A.R.E.S
Monique Sermeno – Code Compliance Manager
DeWayne McQueen - Neighborhood Preservation Inspector
Malissa Larson – Neighborhood Specialist
Christina Vasko – Code Compliance Manager
Sean Greenlief – Neighborhood Preservation Area Supervisor
Jason Cole – Neighborhood Preservation Inspector

City Prosecutor’s Office
Jim Sampanes – City Prosecutor
Sarah DeJong – Bureau Chief
Nathan Watts – Assistant Bureau Chief
Elizabeth Parker – Assistant City Prosecutor
Maria Nilmeier – Assistant City Prosecutor
Gwendolyn Ruiz – Criminal Justice Specialist
Alexandra Lange – Assistant City Prosecutor

Office of Homeless Solutions
Rachel Milne – Office of Homeless Solutions Director
Charles Lee – Community Program Coordinator
Sarah McCann – Homeless Liaison
Caroline Fon – Homeless Liaison
Victor Rojas – Homeless Liaison
Stefanie Greenlief – Homeless Liaison

Phoenix Office of Public Health
Yanitza Soto – Interim Public Health Advisor

Appendix H: Community Committees

27th Ave. CSP Committee
Andrea Northup – Grand Canyon University
Dana Drew Shaw – Grand Canyon University
Andrea Worth – C28 Business Alliance
Derrick Morales – QuikTrip
Eric Bolze – D27 Business Alliance
Gail Morgan – Metro Center Block Watch
Gwendolyn Relf – Rehoboth CDC
Jeff Spellman – VIP Coalition/27Midtown Collaboration
Maribel Carillo – Berkley Square Neighborhood
Marvin Scott – Berkley Square Neighborhood
Nicolee Thompson – Harvest Compassion Center
Pam Horton – Washington Elementary School District
Priscilla Valdez – VIP Coalition
Ron Lindblad – Double Tree Hilton
Rosie Navarrete – QuikTrip
Shannon McBride – Metro Collaboration

19th Ave. CSP Committee
Alex Mendoza – 19th Ave. Neighborhood Leader
AJ Marsden – Pasadena Neighborhood Association
Bruce Ivor – Royal Palms Neighborhood
Candace Norman – Westown Amended Neighborhood
Cindy Graber – State Avenue Block Watch
Darlene Vallo – Washington Park Neighborhood
Jennifer Flores – Westown Amended Neighborhood
Leticia Gonzales – West Sunnyslope Neighborhood Association
Natalie Veidmark – North Mountain Business Alliance
Pam Fitzgerald – Washington Park Neighborhood
Rosie Navarrete – QuikTrip
Shannon McBride – 19North Community Alliance
Steven Still – Simpson Neighborhood Association

Bell Road CSP Committee
Edward Gomillion – Mission Square Neighborhood
Erica Pravecek – Starbucks
Greg Freeman – Bell Road Business Alliance
Lois Stanbury – Village Meadows Neighborhood
Nina Poole – Thrive Phoenix
Rosie Navarrete - QuikTrip
Steven Belaus – Mission Square Neighborhood
Susan Herber – Village Meadows Neighborhood/Bell Road Business Alliance

Hatcher Road CSP Committee
Cleo Lewis – West Sunnyslope Neighborhood Association
Jane Nevarez – Jane’s Total Care
Jessica Berg – St. Vincent de Paul
Joe McCallum – Business leader
Sam DeZonia - Wildness Tactical/theHUB