Buckeye Union High School -Buckeye PD SRO IGA 25-26 - BUHSD Executed.pdf

INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN
BUCKEYE UNION HIGH SCHOOL DISTRICT
AND
THE CITY OF BUCKEYE FOR
SCHOOL RESOURCE OFFICER SERVICES

THIS INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into as
of July 1, 2025 between the City of Buckeye, an Arizona municipal corporation (the “City”) and
Buckeye Union High School District (the “District’).

RECITALS

A. The District has funding available through its maintenance and operations budget
to fund school resource officer services (“SRO Services”) for the District.

B. The City has funding available through its operating budget to provide Buckeye
Union High School and Youngker High School with trained, certified police officers capable of
performing SRO Services.

C. The City and the School desire to enter into an agreement whereby the City will
provide sworn, certified police officers to serve as School Resource Officers (each, an “SRO”) to
provide SRO Services at the School.

Dz. The District is authorized to enter into this Agreement pursuant to ARIZ. REV.
STAT. § 11-952.

E. The City is authorized to enter into this Agreement pursuant to ARIZ. REV.
STAT. § 11-952.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals, which are incorporated
herein by reference, the following mutual covenants and conditions, and other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby
agree as follows:

SECTION I - OBLIGATIONS OF THE CITY

1.1 Services to be Provided.

A. The City shall provide SRO Services to the School on an hourly basis, as
required by the School’s Principal, not to exceed 40 hours per calendar week.

B. The Buckeye Police Officer who is performing SRO Services shall fulfill

his or her duties as a sworn law enforcement officer for the State of Arizona. The SRO may be
temporarily assigned to duties other than SRO Services during school times when deemed

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necessary by the Buckeye Police Chief or his designee.

C. The Site Administrator (s) will assist the SRO Supervisor with preparation
of an annual performance evaluation based upon requirements of the Buckeye Police Department
Policy. The SRO shall also provide a weekly recap of law-related education, law enforcement
activity and time on campus to the SRO Supervisor.

D. When school is not in session, including all breaks, school-observed
holidays and school vacations, the City shall have full discretion to assign the SRO various City
responsibilities; provided, however, that the City shall be responsible for 100% of the SRO’s
costs when so assigned.

E, In addition to the provisions of Section 3.19, the City shall, within ten
business days upon request by the District, provide verification to the School of the SRO’s
successful criminal records check, e.g., a copy of current fingerprint clearance card, copy of
successful criminal records report, etc.

F. The roles and responsibilities of the City and the District with respect to
the SRO Services shall be as set forth in the Buckeye Police Department SRO Program, attached
hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated by reference herein.

12 Accounting and Documentation. The SRO’s salary and employer-paid benefits
rate shall be used to calculate the amount due from the District for SRO Services. Supporting
documentation of these actual amounts must be on file with the School’s Grants Office prior to
payment of any invoice to the City.

SECTION II - OBLIGATIONS OF THE DISTRICT

2.1 Reimbursement to City - Monthly. The District shall reimburse the City monthly
for the services it provides pursuant to Section I above.

A. During the 2025-2026 school year the District shall pay up to $170,356 of
the costs associated with SRO Services received on a yearly basis (yearly salary plus actual cost
of employer-paid benefits) for the ten-month period covering the school year. During the
2025-2026 school year, the District shall pay up to $85,178 each, of the costs associated with
SRO Services received on a yearly basis (one half of yearly salary plus one half the actual cost of
employer-paid benefits) for the ten-month period covering the school year; the City shall pay
100% of the SRO’s costs during the two-month summer break and any other school breaks or
school-observed holidays or vacations during which the City assigns the SRO to City-related
duties. The City shall also cover the full costs of the SRO’s vehicle and associated maintenance.
The SRO’s time spent at the School, including all overtime, must be substantiated by time cards
and approved by the High School’s Dean of Students. The District shall pay 100% of any SRO
overtime worked on school-related investigations. The SRO must seek approval from the
appropriate Buckeye Police Department supervisor before working on school-related overtime.

B. The District will not pay for any SRO Services for any one- or two-week

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long school breaks in November, December, January and March, nor for any personal vacations
taken by an SRO nor for any sick leave incurred by an SRO.

Cc. The District shall pay invoices from the City within 30 days of receipt,
assuming proper documentation is on file to support the charges.

2.2 Office Space. The District shall provide office space that provides privacy for the
SRO to conduct confidential business. The office provided shall include the necessary
equipment for the SRO to effectively perform his or her duties, including, without limitation, a
telephone, desk, chair and filing cabinet.

2.3 SRO-Related Training. The District shall pay $2,000.00 during the term of this
Agreement toward the annual conference costs ($1,000 per school calendar year) for each of the
SROs that provides SRO Services to receive and maintain certification by the National
Association of School Resource Organizations.

2.4 Non-Interference by the District. No District administrator shall interfere with an
SRO’s sworn law enforcement duties.

SECTION III - GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

3.1 Indemnification. To the extent permitted by law, each party shall defend,
indemnify and hold harmless the other party and its departments, officers, employees and agents
for, from and against all losses, damages, claims, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees) for damages to property or for injury to or death of persons which relate to the
performance of this Agreement and that result from any act, omission or negligence of the
indemnifying party or its departments, officers, employees or agents.

3.2 Term. The term of this Agreement shall be for one year, from July 1, 2025, until
June 30, 2026, unless sooner terminated by the parties hereto pursuant to subsection 3.6 below.

3.3 Personnel. The City represents that the SRO performing the SRO Services
required in Section I of this Agreement shall be a sworn Buckeye Police Officer.

3.4 Independent Contractor. The City acknowledges and agrees that the SRO Services
provided under this Agreement are being provided as an independent contractor, not as an
employee or agent of the District, except as provided in Section 3.13 below. The City, its
employees, and subcontractors are not entitled to worker’s compensation benefits from the
District. The District does not have the authority to supervise or control the actual work of the
City, its employees or subcontractors. The City, and not the District, shall determine the time of
its performance of the SRO Services provided under this Agreement so long as the City meets
the requirements of its agreed-upon scope of work as set forth in Section I above. The District
and the City do not intend to nor will they combine business operations under this Agreement.

3.5 Records. Both parties shall maintain the records required in this Agreement for a
period of two years after the termination of this Agreement.

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3.6 Termination. Either party may terminate this Agreement upon 30 days’ written
notice to the other party at the addresses indicated below. The City may terminate this
Agreement by giving ten days’ written notice to the District for failure to make reimbursements
upon the dates as required in this Agreement and upon the School’s failure to make such
payments within five days of such notice. In any event, this Agreement shall be deemed
terminated no later than the effective date of any resolution adopted by the City to withdraw
from this Agreement. At the time of termination, the City shall invoice the District for all SRO
Services provided to that date, which the District shall pay invoices within 30 days thereafter.

3.7 Notices and Requests. Any notice or other communication required or permitted
to be given under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly
given if (A) delivered to the party at the address set forth below, (B) deposited in the U.S. Mail,
registered or certified, return receipt requested, to the address set forth below, or (C) given to a
recognized and reputable overnight delivery service, to the address set forth below:

If to the City: City of Buckeye
530 E. Monroe Avenue
Buckeye, Arizona 85326
Attn: Dan Cotterman, City Manager

With a copy to: Gust Rosenfeld, P.L.C.
One East Washington Street, Suite 1600
Phoenix, Arizona 85004-2553
Attn: John Austin Gaylord, Esq.

If to the District: Buckeye Union High School District
1000 E. Narramore
Buckeye, Arizona 85326
Attn: Dr. Steve Beebe, Superintendent

With a copy to: District Legal Contact/Info

or at such other address, and to the attention of such other person or officer, as any party may
designate in writing by notice duly given pursuant to this subsection. Notices shall be deemed
received (A) when delivered to the party, (B) three business days after being placed in the U.S.
Mail, properly addressed, with sufficient postage, or (C) the following business day after being
given to a recognized overnight delivery service, with the person giving the notice paying all
required charges and instructing the delivery service to deliver on the following business day. If
a copy of a notice is also given to a party’s counsel or other recipient, the provisions above
governing the date on which a notice is deemed to have been received by a party shall mean and
refer to the date on which the party, and not its counsel or other recipient to which a copy of the

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notice may be sent, is deemed to have received the notice.

3.8 Severability and Savings. If any part of this Agreement is held to be invalid or
unenforceable, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other part of this
Agreement so long as the remainder of the Agreement is reasonably capable of completion
without inequity to the involved parties.

3.9 Program Continuation Subject _to Appropriation. The provisions of this
Agreement for payment of funds by the District shall be effective when funds are appropriated

for purposes of this Agreement and are actually available for payment. The District shall be the
sole judge and authority in determining the availability of funds under this Agreement and the
District shall keep the City fully informed as to the availability of funds for its program. The
obligation of the District to make any payment pursuant to this Agreement is a current expense
of the District, payable exclusively from such annual appropriations, and is not a general
obligation or indebtedness of the District. If the Governing Board of the District fails to
appropriate money sufficient to pay the reimbursements as set forth in this Agreement during any
immediately succeeding fiscal year, this Agreement shall terminate at the end of the then-current
fiscal year and the City and the District shall be relieved of any subsequent obligation under this
Agreement.

3.10 Entire Agreement. This Agreement comprises the entire agreement of the parties
and supersedes any and all other agreements or understandings, oral and written, whether
previous to the execution hereof or contemporaneous herewith. Any amendments or
modifications to this Agreement shall be made only in writing and signed by the parties to this
Agreement.

3.11 Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of Arizona, and suit pertaining to this Agreement may be
brought only in courts in Maricopa County, Arizona.

3.12 Cancellation. The parties hereto acknowledge that this Agreement is subject to
cancellation pursuant to ARIZ. REV. STAT. § 38-511.

3.13 Workers’ Compensation. An employee of either party shall be deemed to be an
“employee” of both public agencies while performing pursuant to this Agreement solely for
purposes of ARIZ. REV. STAT. § 23-1022 and the Arizona Workers’ Compensation laws. The
primary employer shall be solely liable for any workers’ compensation benefits, which may
accrue. Each party shall post a notice pursuant to the provisions of ARIZ. REV. STAT.
§ 23-1022 in substantially the following form:

“All employees are hereby further notified that they may be required to
work under the jurisdiction or control or within the jurisdictional
boundaries of another public agency pursuant to an intergovernmental
agreement or contract, and under such circumstances they are deemed by
the laws of Arizona to be employees of both public agencies for the
purposes of worker’s compensation.”

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3.14 FERPA Compliance. Both parties will ensure that the dissemination and
disposition of educational records complies at all times with the Family Educational Rights and
Privacy Act of 1974 and any subsequent amendments thereto.

3.15 Non-Discrimination. Both parties agree to comply with all applicable provisions
of state and federal laws and regulations, including the Americans with Disabilities Act and
Executive Order 99-4 and 2009-09, which are incorporated herein by reference, mandating
non-discrimination and requiring that all persons, regardless of race, religion, sex, age, national
origin or political affiliation shall have equal access to employment opportunity.

3.16 Disposition of Property upon Termination of the Agreement. The parties do not
anticipate having to dispose of any property upon partial or complete termination of this

Agreement. However, to the extent that such disposition is necessary, property shall be returned
to its original owner.

3.17. E-Verify. To the extent applicable under ARIZ. REV. STAT. § 41-4401, the
parties warrant compliance, on behalf of themselves and any and all subcontractors, with all
federal immigration laws and regulations that relate to their employees and compliance with the
E-Verify requirements under ARIZ. REV. STAT. § 23-214(A). The party’s breach of the
above-mentioned warranty shall be deemed a material breach of this Agreement and the
non-breaching party may terminate this Agreement. The parties retain the legal right to inspect
the papers of the other party to ensure that the party is complying with the above-mentioned
warranty under this Agreement.

3.18 Fingerprinting Requirements. The parties shall comply with the fingerprinting
requirements of ARIZ. REV. STAT. §15-512 unless otherwise exempted.

3.19 Coordination of Processes to Address Student Misconduct. The parties shall work
together to identify and streamline any separate processes for investigating and responding to
acts of student misconduct that may also implicate criminal misconduct.

[SIGNATURES ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

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EXHIBIT A
TO
INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
BUCKEYE UNION HIGH SCHOOL DISTRICT AND
THE CITY OF BUCKEYE
FOR
SCHOOL RESOURCE OFFICER SERVICES

[Buckeye Police Department SRO Program]

See following pages.

BUCKEYE POLICE DEPARTMENT SRO PROGRAM
I. Introduction.

The mission of the City of Buckeye Police SRO Program (the “SRO Program”) is to contribute to
an orderly, purposeful atmosphere, which promotes the feeling of safety conducive to teaching and
learning on school campuses in the City of Buckeye. This is accomplished by assigning the same
Police Officer to the same campus for an extended period of time. The SRO will first and foremost
perform the duties of a police officer to include, criminal investigations, interviews, interrogations,
case follow-up and arrests when necessary. The SRO will establish trusting lines of communication
with students, parents and teachers. The SRO will serve as a positive role model to instill good
moral standards, good judgment, respect for others, and sincere concern for the school community.
The SRO will promote citizen awareness of the law to enable students to become better-informed
and effective citizens, while empowering students with the knowledge of law enforcement efforts
and obligations regarding enforcement as well as consequences for violations of the law. The SRO
will serve as a confidential resource for administrators, teachers, and students concerning problems
they face on the campus as well as providing information on community resources available to
them.

Il. Goals.
A. To reduce incidents of school violence:
1. Enforce City Code and state laws.
2. ZERO tolerance for drug offenses, weapons offenses, violent acts leading
to serious injury and threats towards to students, staff or parents.
3. High visibility during peak times such as morning, lunch, assemblies and
after school.
B. Reduction of criminal offenses committed by students.
1. Provide law-related education (“LRE”) counseling to students and parents

to educate them regarding the law and consequences of violating the law.

Cc. Establish positive rapport with students and parents.

1. Be honest and professional in all interactions with parents and students.

2. Provide LRE counseling to students and parents to inform them of the law,
theirs rights, expectations as citizens and consequences for violating the
law.

3. Attend extra-curricular student activities when feasible.

D. Establish positive rapport with teachers, staff and administrators.

1. Be honest and professional in all interactions with teachers, staff and
administrators.

2. Provide guidance and support on law-related problems occurring on the
campus.

3. Be responsive to questions and requests from school administrators when

feasible and within the parameters of the law.

Il.

Organizational Structure.

A. Supervision: The day-to-day operation and administrative control of the SRO

Program will be the responsibility of the Buckeye Police Department. Responsibility for the
conduct and performance of the SRO shall remain with the Buckeye Police Department. The City
of Buckeye will provide supervisory personnel to oversee the SRO Program.

IV.

B. SRO Accountability: The Buckeye Union High School Principal or designees will
provide a written evaluation of the SRO performance relating to the goals
established in this Agreement once a semester. School staff shall contact the SRO
Supervisor to report performance or conduct-related complaints involving SROs as
soon as they become aware of it. It will be the responsibility of the Buckeye Police
Department to investigate any misconduct allegations against an SRO.

Procedures.

The SRO Program shall utilize procedures in accordance with State Law, The Arizona School
Safety Program Guidance Manual, and in accordance with Buckeye Police Department policies
and procedures.

SROs are first and foremost police officers and shall be responsible for carrying out all
duties and responsibilities of a police officer in the City of Buckeye and shall at all times
remain under the command and control of the Buckeye Police Department.

SROs shall not enforce any school or district rules.

SROs are not disciplinarians and shall not assume this role under any circumstances.
SROs report directly to a Buckeye Police Supervisor for allactivities.

SROs will not involve themselves with Buckeye Union High School or Youngker High
School’s administrative matters that are not criminal offenses.

SROs are not formal counselors, and will not act as such; however, they are to be used as
a law-related resource to assist students, staff and all persons involved with Buckeye Union
High School or Youngker High School.

SROs will present varied topics to students to better inform them of their rights and
expectations as citizens as well as consequences for violating laws. The SROs are not
certified teachers and therefore should present in classrooms with a teacher present at all
times.

RO ion.
A. Recommended Qualifications:
Ie Desire to work with students, educators, and parents.
2. Willingness to teach law-related education.
By Supportive of prevention strategies.
4. Satisfactory employment history with supporting documentation.

10

5. Demonstrated effectiveness in working with youth.

6. Oral and written communication skills.

7. Ability to effectively interact and communicate with diverse sets of
individuals.

8. Supportive of the philosophy of the SRO Program.

9. Willingness to attend law-related education training to implement and
maintain LRE programs to meet the needs of the students.

10. AZPOST certified general instructor.

B. SRO Duties Include:

1. Establish liaison with school administrators, staff, students, and parents.

2, Inform students of their rights and responsibilities as lawful citizens
through presentation of law-related education in the classroom.

3. Network with community agencies that may or do provide services to the
school.

4. Act as a resource in the investigation of school-related criminal activities

5. Participate in the Parent-Teacher association as requested.

6. Participate in campus activities, student organizations, and athletic events
when feasible and appropriate.

7. Provided a visible deterrence to crime while presenting a positive
impression of a law enforcement officer.

8. Investigate criminal offenses occurring on campus.

9. Conduct follow-up of assigned criminal cases.

10. Conduct interviews, interrogations and make arrests whennecessary.

11. Provide information when requested to students, parents, and staff in law-
related situations.

12. Maintain tracking system of statistical information required by supervisor
and school administration.

VI. SRO Role.

The School Resource Officer has three basic roles:

A.

Law Enforcement Officer:

1.

The SRO is, first of all, a sworn law enforcement officer. When necessary
the SRO has the authority to intervene as a law enforcement officer. This
includes the investigation of criminal offenses, conducting interviews and
interrogations. Following up on assigned cases and making necessary
arrests.

Administrators should take the lead on school policy violations. The SRO
should be involved when a student’s conduct violates a law.

As partners in school safety, SRO and administrators shall work together to
develop procedures for ongoing communication to ensure timely and
uniform reporting of criminal activities.

11

An SRO assigned to a school with a juvenile probation officer (PO) is
expected to work as a team. The SRO should know the role of the PO.
The SRO should serve on the School Safety Committee and collaborate on
the development of the safe school plan.

The SRO should build a relationship with students, parents and staff that
promotes a positive image of law enforcement.

Law-Related Educator:

1.

The SRO should collaborate with classroom teachers to engage teachers to
integrate law-related education into their curriculum. The teacher must be
present in the classroom during LRE instruction.
The SRO must keep an activity log that tracks LRE classroom instruction
hours and law enforcement or probation activity. Situations that take an
officer off his or her assigned campus must be logged. This data must be
shared with the school administrator and agency supervisor. The following
data will be tracked and provided to the school’s principal or designee:

a. Total hours of LRE classroom instruction

LRE topic and law enforcement

c. Teacher name and subject of each class where an LRE lesson is
taught
Total hours of Law Enforcement/Probation activity
Time spent per LRE lesson
f. Total time spent off campus

9 2

Positive Role Model:

1.

The SRO should set limits being clear about what is acceptable and what is
not; letting students know the consequences of unacceptable behavior and
the rewards of acceptable behavior.

The SRO should set an example by modeling how to handle stress, resolve
conflicts, celebrate successes, and how to be a friend.

The SRO should be honest by providing accurate information.

The SRO should be consistent in applying rules and regulations with
students, staff and parents.

The SRO should encourage responsibility by helping students think through
options and consequences of decisions, set personal goals, and develop
plans to make desired changes.

The SRO should show respect by treating students with respect and
expressing high expectations for them.

The SRO should always strive to be a positive role model because students
learn from every observation of or interaction with the SRO.

12

VII. SRO Supervisor Role:

The SRO Supervisor’s responsibilities include but may not be limited to:

e Communicate to staff, and carry out the philosophy and goal of the City of Buckeye
SRO Program.

e Attend SRO Program management training for supervisors.

e Conduct ongoing visits to schools where the SRO is assigned.

e Ensures the SRO keep an activity log that tracks LRE classroom instruction hours, the
topic of each LRE class and law enforcement or probation activity and situations that
take an officer off his or her assigned campus.

e Motivate officers and provide positive reinforcement recognizing excellent
performance.

e Review all investigations by assigned SROs for accuracy, thoroughness and proper
procedures.

e Supervise and monitor performance of SROs, including confronting performance
deficiencies and providing documentation and plan for improvement.

e Thoroughly investigate and document allegations of SRO misconduct.

e Regularly brief chain of command on any unusual incidents at Buckeye Schools.

e Ensure SROs conduct timely, professional and thorough investigations of criminal
activity on school campuses.

e Conduct one supervisory follow-up of a criminal investigation per SRO per semester.

Includes a written evaluation and assessment of the SRO’s performance.

e Meet collectively with SROs once a month for training, policy review, and
collaboration.

e Provide School Principal or designee with a monthly recap of SRO activities to
include number of LRE hours, time off campus and law enforcementactivity.

e Meet with or talk on the telephone with principal of schools that have SROs, once a
month to discuss SRO performance and law enforcement-related issues.

VIII. School District Role:

The District administrator, site principal and teachers’ support of the SRO Program is vital to the
SRO Program’s success.

A. District Level:

1. Supports and communicates the SRO Program philosophy to all site staff.
2. Understands the SRO Program requirements.
3. Develops and keeps open communication with local law enforcement.

B. Building Level Administration:

1, Supports and communicates the SRO Program philosophy to all staff,
students and parents on their campus.

2. Promotes the integration of law-related education into the classrooms.

3. Understands and agrees to the SRO Program guidelines.

13

IX.

4. Ensures a teacher is present in the classroom at all times during LRE
instruction.

5. Introduces the officer to staff and students.

6. Develops a collaborative relationship with the SRO while allowing the
officer to function independently. The officer serves as a resource to the
students and staff.

Ts Meets with the SRO before the first day of duty to review the
Intergovernmental Agreement, school operational procedures and specifics
of the SRO Program on campus.

8. Monitors the SRO Program’s implementation process and meets with the
SRO on a regular schedule.

9. Directs staff development of teachers and SRO involved in the delivery of
LRE.

10. Provides a semi-annual evaluation of the SRO relating to his or her role as
an SRO.

Teacher:

1. Supports and communicates information about the SRO Program in their
classrooms to students and parents.

2. Understands and agrees to the SRO Program guidelines.

3. Teams with the SRO in planning and delivery of law-related education units

in their classroom. A teacher must be present in the classroom at all times
during LRE instruction.

The Performance Evaluation

A semi-annual performance evaluation shall be conducted by a school administrator and shared
with the SRO’s supervisor. The evaluation is meant to assist the SRO and his/her supervisor in
meeting the intent of the SRO Program and carrying out his or her duties. It is not meant to supplant
the official evaluation process used by the SRO’s department or agency. Only SROs that have
performed in a satisfactory manner should be considered for further service in the SRO Program.
The following are recommended factors to consider:

Does the officer have a clear sense of his/her role?

Does the officer understand the operational policies and procedures of the school
necessary to perform effectively in the position?

Has the officer attended or scheduled to take a law-related education class in the current

year?

How does the officer relate to staff, students, and parents?

Does the officer work well independently?

Does the officer perform his/her duties effectively?

How effective is the officer with classroom presentations?

If a problem occurs, it should first be addressed at the site level between the officer and
administration. If a resolution is not reached, the grievance should then move through the
process as established by the officer’s department and school’s policy.

14

X. Law-Related Education (““LRE” y

A. LRE Defined. Law-Related Education is the teaching of rules, laws, and the legal
system that actively involves students to prepare them for responsible citizenship. It also provides
instructions in legal rights, responsibilities, and the role of the citizen and requires students to
practice the application of LRE in potential real-life situations. (Adopted by the Arizona Center for
Law-Related Education from the Virginia Institute for Law and Citizenship Studies.)

B. Possible Benefits. Law-Related Education is a component of the SRO Program
because it:

1, Promotes critical, analytical and problem-solving skills.

2. Actively involves students, teachers and the community.

3; Increases students’ knowledge base of the law, making them better
informed citizens and consumers.

4. Demonstrates constructive ways to resolve conflict and can reduce

violence and discipline problems in schools.

Discourages delinquent behavior and encourages positive behavior.

Promotes positive self-image in students.

7. Encourages students to respect rules, laws, and persons in authority when
exposed to a “balanced” view of “democratic” society.

Nun

Cc. Process. The approach consists of high-interest content and interactive
instructional strategies designed to provide students at all levels the following opportunities:
1. To explore and reflect on theirs and others’ perspectives,
2. To express and defend their views, to listen to the views of others,
3. To develop arguments for both sides of an issue, to mediate, and
4. To formulate decisions and resolutions based on multiple and often

conflicting concerns.

In primary grades, students might consider a rule they don’t like, explore why it was made,
examine, the consequence for breaking it, and discover who acts as judge when the rule is broken.
They might evaluate existing or hypothetical rules to determine whether or not they are clear,
consistent, fair, and enforceable. They could listen to and analyze rules issues in stories and they
could create and enforce their own set of classroom rules. Intermediate students might role-play
as a law enforcement officer encountering a criminal dilemma. They might work in cooperative
groups to offer solutions to problems that arise when a law is too general or vague. Older students
might use the case study method of analysis to examine legal conflicts throughout history.
Information from this exercise could then be applied to current dilemmas. Simulations of trials,
known as mock trials or moot court, legislative hearings, constitutional conventions, police
procedures, role playing, conflict resolution, mediation, formal and informal debate, cooperative
group problem-solving, outside speakers, from the legal community typify LRE classes at all
levels.

' Modified from "Law-Related Education and Violence Prevention: Making the Connection" By: Robin Haskell
McBee

15

Because rules and laws affect all aspects of life, all subject areas, and all ages, the content
of LRE can be as varied as the students and teacher need it to be. The methods, however, are
characteristically open-ended and participatory in nature. Although some LRE instructional
materials have been written for specific topics or age groups, there is no single way to teach LRE
and no set LRE curriculum. LRE is most commonly used in social studies to promote civic
understanding; however, it regularly incorporates the use of reading, writing, and speaking skills.
It has the potential for application in literature, math, science, technology, foreign language,
physical education, sports, and other subject areas. It need not be limited to a particular grade,
subject, or time frame. The LRE approach to instruction is flexible enough to be applied as a
system-wide, on-going prevention strategy, and an added benefit of such a strategy is the increased
likelihood that students will better understand the rules, laws, and legal processes that govern their
lives.

One of the cornerstones of LRE is the use of outside resources: school safety officers,
attorneys, and other legal professionals. These resource people visit classrooms regularly, provide
insight into how and why the system operates the way it does, and develops on-going positive,
non-adversarial relationships with students in the class. Though typically not individualized as in
mentoring, these relationships often hold meaning for the students and provide an opportunity for
them to develop bonds or attachment with representatives of “the system.”

Another feature of LRE is its relevance. It deals with issues that are meaningful to students
and their views are valued. LRE provides students the opportunity to get involved and participate.
The crux of LRE is problem solving, both as part of a group process and on an individual basis.
Social conflict lies at the heart of legal issues. Therefore, all LRE is some form of conflict
resolution or problem solving.

The regular inclusion of LRE in the course of instruction will provide steady opportunities
to develop and practice the information processing steps that must be developed in aggressive
students if they are to acquire non-aggressive social problem solving skills. Further, the conflicts
that characteristically surround rules and laws offer good practice in content that is hypothetical in
nature yet directly related to students’ lives. While not a panacea for violence prevention, LRE
offers a promising strategy for schools to implement as part of their overall prevention plan. If that
plan includes closer work with parents and the community, LRE might also be incorporated into
after-school programs, community center programs for children and adolescents, and parent
programs. In this way the approach lends itself to a close interface with home and community.

WEBSITES

Arizona Department of Education

www.ade.az.gov
Provides links to prevention sites, updates on funding opportunities and a calendar of

conferences, trainings, and workshops.

16

Arizona Foundation for Legal Services and Education

http://www.azflse.org/

The site will provide up-to-date information about LRE research, links to other LRE related sites,
professional development opportunities, publications, and articles.

Law For Kids

www.lawforkids.org

Posts youth laws and information in a manner that kids can read quickly and understand easily.
Also kids can get homework answers, access other links, listen to other kids’ stories, and play
computer games.

Arizona Prevention Resource Center (APRC)

http://www.azprevention.org/

APRC is Arizona’s central source for prevention information and materials. It has an expanded
section of school safety materials. Materials may be checked out at no cost.

Join Together ONLINE

http://www.drugfree.org/join-together

National resource center to reduce substance abuse and gun violence. Offers up-to-date
information on legislation, funding opportunities, Action Kits, and resources guides.

Keep Schools Safe
www.keepschoolssafe.org
A collection of resources to help make schools safer.

National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO)

www.nasro.org

Nonprofit training organization for district personnel and school resource officers. Sponsors an
annual training conference as well as regional trainings. Lesson plans are available to download
at no charge.

Arizona School Resource Officers Association (ASROA)

www.asroa.org

Nonprofit organization formed to promote law-related education. Sponsors an annual conference
and various training opportunities.

National Dropout Prevention Center

www.dropoutprevention.org

Provides information on dropout prevention programs, educational strategies, technical
assistance, training, and resources.

National Resource Center for Safe Schools

http://educationnorthwest.org/
Center works with schools and communities to create safe learning environments and prevent

school violence.

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National School Safety Center

www.nsscl.org
Clearinghouse for school safety information.

National Youth Gang Center

www.iir.com/nyge
Provides information about gangs and effective responses to them.

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

www.ojjdp.gov

Provides numerous links to juvenile justice-related resources, model programs and funding
opportunities.

Constitutional Rights Foundation (CRF)

www.crf-usa.org
Offers programs and develops materials on law-related education. Web site contains ready-to-
use lessons.

National Law-Related Education Resource Center (NLRC)

www.abanet.org
Facts on current model programs, curricula, print, and multimedia materials for all groups and
age levels about the law.

Street Law, Inc.

www.streetlaw.org
Offers program training and program development in law-related education.

18

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the City and the Buckeye Union High School District have
executed this Agreement as of the date set forth above.

“City”

City of Buckeye, and Arizona

“District”

Buckeye Union High School District

By: ao,
— —_— a —=
Date: Date: ZZ = LS mw
ATTEST:
City Clerk

In accordance with the requirements of A.R.S. § 11-952(D), the undersigned attorneys
acknowledge that (i) they have reviewed the above Agreement on behalf of their respective
clients and that (ii) as to their respective clients only, each attorney has determined that this
Agreement is in proper form and is within the powers and authority granted under the laws of the

State of Arizona.

MG2:mg2 4623050.1 10/19/2022

eter Steck

Attorney for the District

Attorney for the City