06 24 25 City of Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan

CITY OF TOLLESON 
ROAD SAFETY ACTION PLAN
ADOPTED JUNE 24, 2025
Strategies to Reduce Traffic Deaths and Serious Injury Crashes to Zero

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Acknowledgements 
The Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan is a critical step toward zero deaths and serious injuries by 2050 on 
Tolleson Streets. The City of Tolleson would like to dedicate this plan to the people of this community who strive 
hard to maximize road safety. 
CITY COUNCIL 
PARTNERS & COLLABORATIONS 
Mayor Juan F. Rodriguez 
Glen Robison, FHWA 
Vice Mayor Jimmy Davis
Margaret Herrera, Maricopa Assn. of Governments 
Council Member Christine Chavira
Kerry Wilcoxon, AZ Dept of Transportation 
Council Member Clorinda Erives
Reed Henry, City of Phoenix 
Council Member Adolfo Gamez
Hasina Luna, Maricopa County Dept of Transportation 
Council Member Linda Laborin
Mazen Muradvich, Maricopa County Dept of Transportation 
Council Member Cruzita V. Mendoza
Raj Thautum, City of Avondale 
Joshua Jacobson, Tolleson Elementary School District 
Jeremy Calles, Tolleson Union High School 
Teri Castellano, Trust Coalition 
CITY OF TOLLESON DEPARTMENTS 
City Management 
City Manager’s Office
Reyes Medrano Jr., City Manager
City Development Services
Wendy Jackson, Deputy City Manager
City Field Operations 
Pilar Sinawi, Deputy City Manager
City Utilities 
CITY TRANSPORTATION PROJECT TEAM 
City Police Department
Chris Hamilton, City Engineer
City Fire Department
Gabriel Ellias, Transportation/Transit Superintendent 
City Financial Officer 
Nico Gasca, Public Affairs Support Specialist
Parks & Recreation
Jason Earp, Development Services Director
Government & Public Affairs
Mario A Sandoval, Sr. Executive Management Assistant 
Mia Elenes, Digital Communication 
Alicia Guzman, Government Affairs Support Specialist
CONSULTANT TEAM 
Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Thank you to Tolleson residents and various community organizations that took the time to share their opinions, 
thoughts, concerns, and input. Your voice matters, and it was directly used in creating the RSAP strategies and 
subsequent implementation plan.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Disclaimer
23 UNITED STATES CODE SECTION 407
Discovery and Admission as Evidence of Certain Reports and Surveys
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data compiled or collected for the 
purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous 
roadway conditions, or railway-highway crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the 
purpose of developing any highway safety construction improvement project which may be implemented utilizing 
Federal-aid highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court 
proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location 
mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Foreword
Safe Streets and Roads for All Discretionary Grant Program
The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), signed into law on November 15, 2021, established the SS4A discretionary 
program to fund improvements and strategies to prevent roadway fatalities and serious injuries of all roadway 
users. The program includes $5 billion in appropriated funds over 5 years (2022-2026). The SS4A program 
provides federal funds for two types of grants:
• Planning and Demonstration Grants prepare SS4A RSAPs to develop a holistic, well-defined strategy to prevent 
roadway fatalities and serious injuries in a locality, Tribe, or region.
• Implementation Grants execute projects and strategies identified in a RSAP to address a roadway safety issue. 
Projects and strategies may be infrastructure, behavioral, and/or operational activities. Applicants must have a 
qualifying RSAP that meets the eligibility requirements to apply for an Implementation Grant. In addition, applicant 
agencies must have ownership and/or maintenance responsibilities over a roadway network, safety responsibilities 
that affect roadways, or an agreement from the agency that has ownership and/or maintenance responsibilities for 
the roadway within the applicant’s jurisdiction.
The Tolleson RSAP meets the requirements to allow the City to apply for Implementation Grants from the United 
States Department of Transportation (USDOT) SS4A discretionary grant program. The USDOT has identified 
several required RSAP elements, as described below:
• Leadership Commitment and Goal Setting. Requires an official public commitment by a government body to 
an ultimate goal of zero roadway serious injuries or fatalities.
• Planning Structure. Defines a task force charges with oversight of the development and implementation of the 
RSAP.
• Safety Analysis. Reviews historical and existing safety conditions that provide a baseline for serious injury and 
fatal crashes. 
• Engagement and Collaboration. Conducts significant engagement with stakeholders and the public, allowing for 
community representation and feedback to be incorporated into the RSAP.
• Equity Considerations. Ensures underserved communities are identified and preferred in proposed projects and 
strategies.
• Policy and Process Changes. Assesses existing policies, plans, guidelines, and standards to identify areas of 
improvement in transportation safety planning.
• Strategy and Project Selections. Identifies projects and strategies, based on data and data and public 
engagement, that will address existing safety issues.
• Progress and Transparency. Measures progress towards the RSAP’s goals, including review of updated data 
and presentation of results to the public.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ..............................................................................................i
Introduction ........................................................................................................1
Road Safety Action Plan .........................................................................................................................1
Planning Process ....................................................................................................................................1
Federal Safe System Approach.............................................................................2
Vision & Goals.....................................................................................................3
Vision Statement: ....................................................................................................................................3
Goals:......................................................................................................................................................3
Tolleson Safety Committee .....................................................................................................................4
Study Area Overview ...........................................................................................5
Equity Analysis ...................................................................................................8
Previous and Ongoing Plan Review ....................................................................11
Safety Performance Analysis..............................................................................15
Network Screening Analysis ...............................................................................27
Public and Stakeholder Involvement ...................................................................32
Safety Strategies ...............................................................................................36
Infrastructure Projects .......................................................................................43
Prioritization Methodology .................................................................................50
Project Recommendations ..................................................................................52
Projects Within the City of Tolleson’s Jurisdiction.................................................................................52
Infrastructure Projects..........................................................................................................................................52
Non-Infrastructure Projects..................................................................................................................................54
Projects Outside City of Tolleson Jurisdiction .......................................................................................55
Policy Recommendations ...................................................................................57
Implementation ..................................................................................................63
Next Steps.............................................................................................................................................63
Short-Term (0-2 Years)........................................................................................................................................63
Medium-Term (2-8 Years)....................................................................................................................................63
Long-Term (8+ Years) .........................................................................................................................................64
Appendices........................................................................................................66
Appendix A. Solution Prioritization Evaluation ......................................................................................66

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
List of Figures
Figure 1. Crashes by Year - All Crashes........................................................................................................................iii
Figure 2. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes....................................................................................................................iii
Figure 3. Injury Severity for All Crashes.........................................................................................................................iii
Figure 4. Vulnerable Road User Crashes Summary......................................................................................................iv
Figure 5. Study Area and Land Use Map........................................................................................................................5
Figure 6. Federal Functional Classification.....................................................................................................................6
Figure 7. Average Annual Daily Traffic...........................................................................................................................7
Figure 8. Comprehensive Equity Score........................................................................................................................10
Figure 9. Crashes by Year - All Crashes ......................................................................................................................15
Figure 10. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes ................................................................................................................15
Figure 11. Injury Severity for All Crashes .....................................................................................................................16
Figure 12. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes by Collision Manner................................................................................16
Figure 13. Crash Density Map......................................................................................................................................17
Figure 14. Crash Severity Map.....................................................................................................................................18
Figure 15. Crash Trend by Time of Day, Day of Week and Month of Year ..................................................................19
Figure 16. Vulnerable Road User Crashes Summary...................................................................................................20
Figure 17. Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes Map.................................................................20
Figure 18. Younger Drivers Involved Fatal or Serious Injury Crashes (2019 and 2023) ..............................................21
Figure 19. Freight Truck-Related Crashes between 2019 and 2023............................................................................22
Figure 20. Comparison of MAG Area Crash Trends with Tolleson Crash Trend..........................................................23
Figure 21. Statewide Fatalities by SHSP Safety Emphasis Area .................................................................................24
Figure 22. Arizona Pedestrian Serious Injuries and Fatalities by Lighting Condition....................................................25
Figure 23. Tolleson Pedestrian Serious Injuries and Fatalities by Lighting Condition..................................................25
Figure 24. Highway Safety Manual Roadway Safety Management Process................................................................27
Figure 25. Segment and Intersection Crash Rate.........................................................................................................29
Figure 26. Segment and Intersection Crash Frequency...............................................................................................29
Figure 27. Fatal and Serious Crash Locations..............................................................................................................30
Figure 28. Active Transportation Improvements...........................................................................................................44
Figure 29. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements..........................................................................................47
Figure 30. Traffic Control Improvements ......................................................................................................................49
Figure 31. Prioritized Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson.............................................................................................53
Figure 32. FHWA Preferred Bikeway Type...................................................................................................................58
Figure 33. Minimum Positive Offset for New Left-Turn Lanes Source: MAG Left Turn Crash Mitigation 
Implementation Template and Guidance (May 2019)...................................................................................................59
Figure 34. Minimum Corder Clearance (Signalized Intersections) Source: MCDOT Roadway Design Manual (2024)61

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
List of Tables
Table 1. High Priority Locations......................................................................................................................................v
Table 2. Active Transportation Improvements................................................................................................................vi
Table 3. Speed Mitigation with Enforcement.................................................................................................................vii
Table 4. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements .............................................................................................vii
Table 5. Traffic Control Improvements .........................................................................................................................viii
Table 6. Top Non-Infrastructure Potential Solutions ......................................................................................................ix
Table 7. Top Infrastructure Potential Solutions..............................................................................................................ix
Table 8. Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson...................................................................................................................x
Table 9. Non-Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson...........................................................................................................xi
Table 10. Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue - 75th Avenue with  Lead Agencies: MCDOT (91st Ave to 107th Ave and 
Phoenix (75th Ave to 91st Ave)........................................................................................................................................xi
Table 11. 107th Avenue: Van Buren Street - Buckeye Road, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Avondale........................xii
Table 12. I-10 Intersections, Lead Agency: ADOT........................................................................................................xii
Table 13. CEJST Categories of Burdens........................................................................................................................8
Table 14. SVI Social Factors ..........................................................................................................................................8
Table 15. EJ Screen Indicators and Indexes..................................................................................................................9
Table 16. Equity Needs Census Components................................................................................................................9
Table 17. Manner of Collision for All Crashes...............................................................................................................16
Table 18. Fatal Crashes in Tolleson by SHSP Safety Emphasis Area.........................................................................24
Table 19. High Priority Locations..................................................................................................................................28
Table 20. High Injury Locations ....................................................................................................................................30
Table 21. High Injury Locations with Roadway Ownership by other Agencies.............................................................31
Table 22. High Injury Locations within Tolleson Jurisdiction.........................................................................................31
Table 23. Safety Summit High-Priority Solutions Summary..........................................................................................34
Table 24. Planned and Recommended General Strategies for Tolleson RSAP...........................................................37
Table 25. Planned and Recommended Strategies Involving Human Behavior Change to Reduce Fatal and Serious 
Injury Crashes...............................................................................................................................................................39
Table 26. Planned and Recommended Strategies/Policies to Reduce Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes through 
New Studies, Practices, and Policies............................................................................................................................41
Table 27. Active Transportation Improvements............................................................................................................43
Table 28. Speed Mitigation with Enforcement ..............................................................................................................45
Table 29. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements...........................................................................................46
Table 30. Traffic Control Improvements........................................................................................................................48
Table 31. Safety History Criteria for Solution Evaluation..............................................................................................50
Table 32. Crash Rate Criteria for Solution Evaluation..................................................................................................50

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table 33. Crash Frequency Criteria for Solution Evaluation.........................................................................................50
Table 34. Cost Criteria for Solution Evaluation.............................................................................................................50
Table 35. Top Non-Infrastructure Potential Solutions...................................................................................................51
Table 36. Top Potential Infrastructure Solutions...........................................................................................................51
Table 37. Prioritized List of Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson ...................................................................................52
Table 38. Non-Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson.......................................................................................................54
Table 39. Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue – 75th Avenue, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Phoenix................................55
Table 40. The 107th Avenue: Van Buren Street – Buckeye Road, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Avondale................55
Table 41 The I-10 Intersections: Signal Timing Improvements. Lead Agency: ADOT..................................................56
Table 42. Minimum Driveway Spacing Source: Avondale General Engineering Requirements Manual (2018)...........60
Table 43. Minimum Corner Clearances (Signalized Intersections) Source: MCDOT Roadway Design Manual 
(2024)............................................................................................................................................................................61

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Executive Summary
Introduction
The City of Tolleson (City) has prepared the Tolleson Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) Road Safety Action 
Plan. The safety committee below will meet periodically to review and monitor the road safety process, and release 
a Road Safety Status report in the Spring of each year.  The committee consists of members from the following 
City departments: 
Safety Action Committee  
•
City Manager’s Office
•
Government Affairs Office
•
City Development Services
•
City Engineering and Public Works Department
•
City Police Department
•
City Fire Department
Road Safety Action Plan
A Road Safety Action Plan (RSAP) is a way to prioritize safety improvements and justify future roadway investment 
decisions. An RSAP is a comprehensive safety plan aimed at reducing and eliminating serious injury and fatal 
crashes affecting all roadway users including pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, motorists, personal conveyance 
and micro-mobility users, and commercial vehicle operators. A formal plan will help communicate more clearly how 
the City will promote safety on local roadways and will assist in pursuing future funding opportunities.
Vision and Goals
Vision Zero refers to the ultimate goal of eliminating all fatalities and serious injuries on Tolleson roadways. It 
begins with the ethical belief that everyone—people walking, biking, taking transit, and driving—has the right to 
move safely in their community; no one should be killed or seriously injured in crashes on the transportation 
network; and all traffic deaths are preventable. A Vision Zero commitment sets measurable objectives, establishes 
a clear schedule and time frame, and proposes strategies to accomplish the objectives. 
Vision Statement
The City of Tolleson will strive to protect all 
road users by reducing fatal and serious injury 
crashes by 20 percent by 2030, with a long-term 
vision of zero such incidents by 2050.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Goals
Below are the goals and objectives required to establish the vision statement.
Goals
Objectives
City will implement 
Vision Zero – all 
infrastructure projects 
and programs will have 
a safety component
-
Establish a Safety Task Force Committee consisting of a multi-department team 
for the continued oversight of reducing fatal and serious injury crashes
-
Establish a road safety coordinator position to oversee the progress of the Road 
Safety Action Plan 
-
Develop a High-Risk Network and identify potentially high-risk locations. 
-
Maintain the safety dashboard
-
Recognize and celebrate road safety success stories with the community 
Engage the public to 
foster a culture of safety 
on the roadways
-
Educate young drivers on road safety behavior
-
Improve safe travel to and from school for all travel modes
-
Educate pedestrians, bicyclists and motorcyclists on safe road practices 
Embrace 5 E’s of safety 
(Evaluation, 
Engineering, 
Enforcement, 
Education, & Equity) in 
all City initiatives and 
projects 
-
Create an internal, cross-department task force to review crash data 
-
Develop policies and standards to improve safety for different types of roadways 
(arterials, collectors, local streets, freight corridors) and intersections
Engage with the police 
enforcement as a major 
partner to improve 
safety 
-
Deploy police personnel to enforce distracted driving, driving under the influence 
(DUI), speeding and parking restrictions  
-
Effective crash coding and maintenance of crash data
-
Quick response team 
Formalize partnerships 
outside Tolleson to 
share resources, and 
develop safety solutions 
to reduce crashes in 
Tolleson 
-
Participate in periodic (semi-annual) meetings with the adjacent agencies 
(Phoenix, Avondale, MCDOT, ADOT) to discuss safety concerns and upcoming 
infrastructure projects 
-
Participate in the joint review of the projects to ensure safety components are 
addressed
-
Participate in the State and MAG Freight Management Plans. 
Study Area Overview
The RSAP study area consists of all local and arterial roadways within the City. The land use mix in 
Tolleson consists of predominantly industrial and commercial uses with some residential. Tolleson has a 
large mix of warehouses and trucking industries, which results in several designated truck routes 
throughout the City.
Safety Performance Analysis
The project team performed a safety analysis to identify common crash rends and high-risk locations. The safety 
performance analysis was designed to provide insight into identifying a high-crash network and a high-risk network. 
Tolleson Crash Trends
The safety performance for the City from 2019 through 2023 is summarized below. Figure 1 shows the number of 
total crashes by year, which has remained consistent. The total crashes ranged from 413 in 2020 to 573 in 2021. 
Figure 2 shows the total fatal and serious injury crashes ranging from a low of 12 in 2019 to a high of 18 in 2021.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
As shown in Figure 3, fatal crashes and serious injury crashes make up nine percent of all injury crashes. A total 
of 72 fatal and serious injury crashes were recorded from 2019 through 2023.
Figure 1. Crashes by Year - All Crashes
Figure 2. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes
Figure 3. Injury Severity for All Crashes
Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs)
Crashes involving VRUs (pedestrians and bicyclists) in Tolleson from 2019 through 2023 are summarized below. 
All 37 pedestrian and bicycle involved crashes resulted in injury. Typically, a non-injury pedestrian and bicycle 
6
11
12
9
11
6
3
6
6
2
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Serious Injury
Fatal
53%
37%
6%
3%
Possible Injury
Minor Injury
Serious Injury
Fatal

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
crash is not reported since the damage value is less than $1,000. A total of 11 fatal pedestrian and bicycle crashes 
were recorded in the five-year study period. Figure 4 shows the pedestrian and bicyclist crashes by year, which 
peaked at a combined total of 11 in 2021. Fatal crashes make up 30 percent of crashes involving pedestrians and 
bicyclists. 
Figure 4. Vulnerable Road User Crashes Summary
Network Screening 
Analysis
The network screening process identified and ranked locations, from most likely to least likely to have a crash 
frequency reduction, by calculating a crash frequency reduction with the implementation of countermeasures. 
Locations identified as most likely to have a crash frequency reduction should be studied in detail to understand 
trends in crash patterns, contributing factors, and identify appropriate countermeasures. For this RSAP, the 
network screening steps included: 
•
Determine the crash frequency and a list of the intersections and segments with the highest crash 
frequencies
•
Calculate individual crash rates for each roadway and intersection and list the intersections and 
segments with the highest crash rate
•
Compare the tables with high crash frequency with high crash rate and develop a composite table with 
high priority locations using the network screening methodology adopted by the MAG
•
Determine typical crash patterns for each location where there are an unusual number of specific crash 
types occurring
•
Determine the high injury network and develop the countermeasure for the specific crash type at each 
location, intersection or segment  
A composite review of the crash rate and crash frequency was used to determine critical intersections and 
corridors for the City. The results of this analysis are summarized in Table 1 identifying the high priority roadway 
segments and intersections in Tolleson.
Table 1. High Priority Locations

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Segments
Intersections
75th Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
83rd Avenue, Buckeye Road and I-10
91st Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
99th Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue and 99th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 75th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 83rd Avenue
Buckeye Road and 91st Avenue
Buckeye Road and 99th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 107th Avenue
Van Buren Street and 75th Avenue
Van Buren Street and 83rd Avenue
Van Buren Street and 99th Avenue
All I-10 ramps
Public and Stakeholder Involvement
The project team conducted extensive public outreach and stakeholder engagement to gather input on potential 
strategies and focus areas for safety improvements. 
Public Engagement
Public outreach included an online survey and a series of pop-up events at the City’s Trick or Treat event, the 
Senior Center, and the Teen Council. Common themes heard from the public include:
•
Respondents largely use their personal vehicles, but 
would like to walk/run/bike more often
•
Intersections or general areas where people feel 
unsafe include:
o
Roundabout at 99th Avenue and Lower 
Buckeye Road
o
91st Avenue and Van Buren Street
•
The City should prioritize the following characteristics 
when identifying project areas for improvement: 
o
Locations with high numbers of crashes
o
Locations with high traffic volumes
o
Areas around schools
•
Respondents would like to see a reduction in fatal 
and serious injury crashes
•
Distracted driving and high vehicle speeds are the top safety concerns
Stakeholder Engagement
Technical Advisory Committee
A Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) was organized to guide development of the RSAP. The TAC met bi-
monthly to discuss the project progress and consisted of representatives from the following agencies:
•
City Departments 
•
Tolleson Police Department
•
Tolleson Fire Department

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Safety Summit
On November 13, 2024, the project team held a Safety Summit for stakeholders to brainstorm potential solutions to 
increase safety in the transportation network. The attendees included representatives from the following groups: 
•
TAC
•
School District Officials
•
City Management Group 
•
City Public Relations Group 
•
Law Enforcement 
•
Emergency Services
•
FHWA 
•
MAG
•
MCDOT 
•
City of Avondale  
•
City of Phoenix
The attendees brainstormed potential solutions in four focus areas: neighborhood, pedestrian, and bicycle safety; 
intersections; freight and truck movement; and roadway segments.
Infrastructure Projects
The core of this RSAP consists of implementable infrastructure strategies that have the potential to significantly 
reduce fatal and serious injury crashes in Tolleson. Through the safety analysis and public and stakeholder input, 
the project team was able to identify 47 potential solutions to improve safety, divided between the following 
improvement types: 
•
Active Transportation Improvements – focused on improving pedestrian and bicyclist movements 
•
Enforcement – specific roadways and corridors 
•
Road Construction/Maintenance – improve capacity, access management, and visibility
•
Traffic Control – improve signal timing, signal visibility, and safer operations 
Table 2 shows the preliminary potential active transportation solutions. Table 3 shows the preliminary potential 
enforcement solutions. Table 4 shows the preliminary potential road construction/maintenance solutions. Table 5 
shows the preliminary potential traffic control solutions. Some of the projects are within the City of Tolleson’s 
jurisdiction and some of them fall within the jurisdiction of other agencies.
Table 2. Active Transportation Improvements
ID
Name
Description
1
99th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Install new continuous sidewalk and/or multi-use path (MUP) to 
separate pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
2
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street 
Install new continuous sidewalk and/or MUP to separate 
pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
3
Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue to 93rd 
Avenue 
Install a new continuous sidewalk, buffered bike lane, or multi-
use path to separate pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
4
99th Avenue/Roosevelt Street Crossing 
Improvements
Install a pedestrian crosswalk at the south leg of the intersection 
and remove the crosswalk at the north leg.
5
6
91st Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
99th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Complete the missing sidewalk. Consider developing MUP in 
place of the sidewalk to function as a grade-separated bike lane 
or installing a 2-foot buffer between the travel lane and bike lane.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
7
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
8
9
10
99th Avenue: Van Buren Street to I-10
Buckeye Road: 91st Avenue to 75th Ave
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Install a 2-foot buffer between the travel lane and bike lane.
Table 3. Speed Mitigation with Enforcement
ID
Name
Description
11
91st Avenue Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, and 
red light running
12
Buckeye Road Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, and 
red light running
13
83rd Avenue Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, and 
red light running
14
Buckeye Road Freight Parking 
Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
15
83rd Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
16
99th Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
17
99th Avenue Speed Limit Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, and 
red light running
18
91st Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs.
19
107th Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs.
Table 4. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements
ID
Name
Description
20
Van Buren Street: 99th Avenue to 107th 
Avenue - Lane Width and Access 
Management Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and continuous lanes (to 
reduce scalloped streets). Reduce and consolidate closely spaced 
driveways. Install median and street lights on both sides of the road
21
107th Avenue Lane: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street - Lane Width and Access 
Management Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and continuous lanes (to 
reduce scalloped streets). Reduce and consolidate closely spaced 
driveways.  Install median and street lights on both sides of the 
road.
24
Signal Visibility Improvements 
Install 3” retro-reflective tape on all traffic signal back plates 
throughout the City
25
99th Avenue/Van Buren Street - 
Intersection Reconfiguration
Redesign the intersection to accommodate appropriate lane widths 
and turn radii, minimizing crossing distance.
26
99th Avenue/I-10 Eastbound On-Ramp - 
Intersection Improvements
Design and install an exclusive northbound right-turn lane on 99th 
Avenue.
27
91st Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - 
Street Lighting Improvements
Install streetlights at intersections.
28
83rd Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - 
Street Lighting Improvements
Install streetlights on both sides of the road.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
29
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street - Lighting Improvements
30
83rd Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - 
Pavement Marking Improvements
Improve pavement markings and install raised pavement markers 
(RPMs).
31
Buckeye Road: 75th Avenue to 107th 
Avenue - Lane Reconfiguration
Provide uniform lane sizes and limit the number of lane drops
32
99th Avenue: Roosevelt Road to Pierce 
Lane - Midblock Crossing Mitigation
Install raised medians and safety railings along the sidewalk on the 
west side of 99th Avenue between Van Buren Street and Roosevelt 
Street to prevent mid-block crossing.
Table 5. Traffic Control Improvements
ID
Name
Description
34
99th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
35
Buckeye Road Truck Signal Timing
36
107th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression and truck-
appropriate clearance intervals.
37
99th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
38
Buckeye Road Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
39
107th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near side signal heads to 
improve traffic signal visibility.
40
99th Avenue FYA Improvements
41
Buckeye Road FYA Improvements
42
107th Avenue FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows (FYA) to allow for protected left-turn 
phasing during peak hours.
43
91st Avenue/Van Buren Street Protected 
Left-Turns
Install FYA to allow for protected left-turn phasing during daytime 
and FYA operations at night 
44
I-10/91st Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
45
I-10/99th Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
46
I-10/83rd Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to reduce queuing 
and improve progression between signals.
47
99th Avenue Traffic Signal Coordination
Improve signal phasing and coordination along 99th Avenue 
between Roosevelt Street and I-10.

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Prioritization Methodology
After identifying potential solutions, the project team prioritized the solutions. To do this, the project team 
developed prioritization criteria based on input from the TAC and the public. Safety history, crash rate, crash 
frequency, and cost were determined to be the most important elements. Table 6 Table 6 shows the highest-
ranked non-construction-related safety solutions, and Table 7 shows the highest-ranked preliminary safety 
solutions that require construction.
Table 6. Top Non-Infrastructure Potential Solutions
Non-Infrastructure Solution
Speed/DUI Enforcement: 83rd Avenue, Buckeye Road, 99th Avenue and 91st Avenue 
Uniform Speed Limit Establishment  Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue and 99th Avenue 
Signal Timing Plans (Freight Corridor): Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue, and 99th Avenue 
Freight Parking Restrictions: Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue, and 99th Avenue 
Refresh Pavement Markings and Signs 83rd Avenue: Buckeye Road to I-10 
Interchange Signal Timing and Phasing Improvements: I-10/83rd Avenue, I-10/91st Avenue, and I-10/99th Avenue 
Road Safety Audit: 91st Avenue I-10 to Van Buren Street (to evaluate truck traffic flow along this road), and 99th 
Avenue at Van Buren Road 
Safe Routes to School Studies for all Tolleson Schools
Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program 
Semi-Annual Road Safety Education Campaign Targeting Pedestrians, Bicyclists, and Motorcyclists
Driver Education – Annual High School Program 
Safe Pedestrian and Bicycle Education in Elementary Schools – Annual school program 
Table 7. Top Infrastructure Potential Solutions
Infrastructure Solution
Score
Buckeye Road, 107th Ave to 75th Ave – Traffic Signal Visibility Improvement
57
Buckeye Road – Medians and Access Management 
52
91st Avenue – Speed Feedback Signs and Improve Signing and Marking 
48
99th Avenue, I-10 to Van Buren Rd - Median and Access Management 
45
99th Avenue – Traffic Signal Visibility Improvement
43
Buckeye Road – Install FYA for Protected Left-Turn Phasing During Peak Hours 
37
99th Avenue between Pierce Street and Roosevelt Street – Median Fencing 
33
Buckeye Road, 107th Avenue to 91st Avenue – Construct Uniform Roadway Cross-Section 
and Reduce Scalloped Streets
29
107th Avenue – Install Flashing Speed Feedback Signs
27
Van Buren Street, 107th Avenue to 99th Avenue – Construct a Uniform Roadway Cross-
Section, Access Management, and Reduce Scalloped Streets 
27

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Safety Improvement Recommendations
Project Recommendations
The project team conducted a field review of the top potential solutions and compiled them into implementable 
projects anticipated to have the highest impact on improving safety in Tolleson.
Projects Within the City of Tolleson’s Jurisdiction
Table 8 lists the recommended infrastructure projects and 
Table 9 lists the recommended non-infrastructure projects within the City of Tolleson’s jurisdiction.
Table 8. Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson
ID
Solution Name
Solution Description
Score
1
91st Avenue: Van Buren 
Road to I-10 Speed 
Management
Install flashing speed feedback signs and reduce signing 
and marking clutter near Van Buren Road 
Potential funding source: City CIP 
48
2
99th Avenue Freight Corridor 
Medians Installation 
Install medians along truck corridors
Potential funding source: SS4A Implementation Grant or 
HSIP 
45
3
99th Avenue Traffic Signal 
Visibility Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side signal 
heads to improve traffic signal visibility
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety Funds 
43
4
99th Avenue: Midblock 
Crossing Mitigation
Van Buren Street and Roosevelt Street: Install raised 
medians and safety railings along the median to prevent 
mid-block crossing
Potential funding source: SS4A Implementation Grant or 
HSIP 
33
5
91st Avenue Street Lighting 
Improvements
Install streetlights at arterial/collector intersections
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Funds
25
6
99th Avenue FYA 
Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected left-turn 
phasing during peak hours
Potential funding source: HSIP 
22
7
99th Avenue Active 
Transportation 
Improvements
Install continuous sidewalk and/or multi-use paths to 
separate pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes
Potential funding source: TA funds 
21
8
99th Avenue/Van Buren 
Street Intersection 
Reconfiguration
Redesign the intersection to appropriate lane widths and 
turn radii to minimize crossing distance
Potential funding source: City CIP 
19
9
91st Avenue/Van Buren 
Street FYA Improvements 
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected left-turn 
phasing during peak hours 
Potential funding source: HSIP
17
10
91st Avenue Active 
Transportation Infill 
Improvements
Sidewalk gap infill from Buckeye Road to Van Buren 
Street, 2-foot buffer lane between travel and bike lane
Potential funding source: TA Funds 
14
11
99th Avenue/Roosevelt 
Street Crossing 
Improvements
Install a pedestrian crosswalk at the south leg and remove 
the crosswalk at the north leg of the intersection
Potential funding source: City CIP 
1

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table 9. Non-Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson
Non-Construction Related Project
91st Avenue and 99th Avenue: Speed/DUI Enforcement (Quarterly)
Potential funding source: Governor’s Office of Highway Safety 
91st Avenue and 99th Avenue: Uniform Speed Limit Establishment 
Potential funding source: City CIP 
99th Avenue: Signal Timing Plans (review and revise every 3 years) 
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
99th Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions 
Potential funding source: City CIP/PD 
Road Safety Audit: 91st Avenue at Van Buren Street 
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Program 
Safe Routes to School Studies for all Tolleson Schools
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Program 
Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program
Potential Funding Source: City CIP 
Semi-Annual Road Safety Education Campaign targets: Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Motorcyclists.
Potential funding source: CIP/Public Relations//Governor’s Office of Highway Safety  
Driver Education – annual high school program 
Potential funding source: HSIP Education Funds/Governor’s Office of Highway Safety 
Projects Outside the City of Tolleson’s Jurisdiction
Projects outside of the City’s jurisdiction consist of improvements to Buckeye Road, 107th Avenue, and I-10 
intersections. Table 10 shows the recommended improvements to Buckeye Road. .
Table 10. Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue - 75th Avenue with  Lead Agencies: MCDOT (91st Ave to 107th Ave and 
Phoenix (75th Ave to 91st Ave) 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Score 
Buckeye Road Freight Parking 
Restriction
Enforce no on-street freight parking
60
Buckeye Road Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression 
with appropriate clearance intervals
60
Buckeye Road Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side 
signal heads to improve traffic signal visibility
57
Buckeye Road Freight Corridor 
Medians
Install medians along truck corridors
52
Buckeye Road FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected 
left-turn phasing during peak hours
37
Buckeye Road Speed Enforcement
Implement uniform travel speed along the freight 
corridor
30
Buckeye Road Lane Reconfiguration
Uniform lane sizes and limit the number of lane 
drops
29
Buckeye Road Lighting 
Improvements
Install streetlights along both sides of the roadway
24

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Buckeye Road Active Transportation 
Improvements
Install continuous sidewalks and/or multi-use 
paths on both sides of the roadway to separate 
pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes. 
22
Error! Not a valid bookmark self-reference. shows the recommended improvements to 107th Avenue, and Table 
12 shows the recommended improvements to I-10 intersections
Table 11. 107th Avenue: Van Buren Street - Buckeye Road, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Avondale 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Prioritization 
Score
107th Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs
30
107th Avenue Lane Width 
Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and 
continuous lanes (reduce scalloped streets)
27
107th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side 
signal heads to improve traffic signal visibility
22
107th Avenue Access Management 
Improvements
Reduce and consolidate closely spaced 
driveways
12
107th Avenue Freight Corridor 
Medians
Install median along the truck corridor
11
107th Avenue Street Lighting 
Improvements
Install streetlights on both sides of the road
10
107th Avenue FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected 
left-turn phasing during peak hours
7
107th Avenue Active Transportation 
Improvements
Install a bike lane and a sidewalk along both sides 
of the road. If possible, consider MUP on both 
sides of the road.
3
107th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression 
and truck-appropriate clearance intervals
3
Table 12. I-10 Intersections, Lead Agency: ADOT 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Prioritization Score
99th Avenue/I-10 Eastbound On-
Ramp Intersection Improvements
Design and install an exclusive northbound right-
turn lane on 99th Avenue
10
I-10/99th Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
9
I-10/83rd Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
9
I-10/91st Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements 
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
8
Policy Recommendations
The RSAP developed policy recommendations to improve safety for all roadway users. The City is not limited to 
these recommendations and is encouraged to continually look for ways to improve roadway safety for all users 
through policy or other measures. The policy recommendations address:
•
On-street parking restrictions  
•
Roadway cross sections
•
Pavement marking guidelines
•
Improving roadway visibility & signal Timing

xiii
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
•
Access management
Conclusion
The RSAP establishes the goal of a 20 percent reduction in fatal and serious injury crashes by 2030 and an 
eventual goal of eliminating fatal and serious injury crashes on City roadways. To accomplish these goals, the plan 
must be implemented in a deliberate way. Successful plan implementation will rely on committed leadership from 
the City of Tolleson.
Next Steps
Short-Term (0-2 Years)
The City should focus on low-cost recommendations that can be implemented quickly including:
•
Implementing operational improvements
•
Creating educational campaigns and programs to increase awareness of traffic safety
•
Conduct location-specific studies
Medium-Term (2-8 Years)
The City should focus on infrastructure projects within its jurisdiction including:
•
91st Avenue improvements
•
99th Avenue improvements
•
I-10 intersections signal timing improvements
Long-Term (8+ Years)
The City should focus on infrastructure projects outside its jurisdiction including:
•
Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue – 75th Avenue
•
107th Avenue: Van Buren Street – Buckeye Road
•
I-10 intersection on-ramp improvements
Add Projects to City Capital Improvement Plan
The City should place the recommended projects in its CIP to coordinate the timing and financing of 
projects. Additionally, more detailed studies may be needed to refine project recommendations. If funding 
is not available to implement all projects, the City should consider implementing individual solutions within 
projects, with a focus on higher-ranked solutions, until funding can be secured for all project components.
Apply for Grant Funding
SS4A Implementation grants provide federal funding to implement projects and strategies identified in an 
RSAP to address roadway safety issues. The City should apply for an SS4A Implementation grant to 
construct the projects recommended within the RSAP, particularly the higher-cost projects. The City 
should also consider federal grants such as the HSIP, SRTS, and TA funds, and state and regional funds 
and grants, to implement the rest of the projects.
Conduct Monitoring and Evaluation
On an annual basis, the City should review the most recent year’s crash data, comparing it to trends from 
prior years as well as the RSAP goal of reducing fatal and serious injury crashes by 20% by 2030. 
Before-and-after studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of implemented safety 
improvements. Safety performance evaluation findings should be communicated to City staff and safety

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
partners, as well as the general public, either by updating the crash dashboard created for the RSAP or 
by posting the information on the City’s website, to help the City assess if SAP updates are needed.

1
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Introduction
Road Safety Action Plan
A Road Safety Action Plan (RSAP) is a way to prioritize safety improvements and justify future roadway investment 
decisions. An RSAP is a comprehensive safety plan aimed at reducing and eliminating serious injury and fatal 
crashes affecting all roadway users including pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, motorists, personal conveyance 
and micromobility users, and commercial vehicle operators. A formal plan helps communicate more clearly how the 
City of Tolleson will promote safety on local roadways and will assist in pursuing future funding opportunities.
Planning Process 
The City initiated the RSAP in the summer of 2024 to upgrade evaluation tools; engage the public; collaborate with 
City staff from different departments; and create a transparent, comprehensive, and implementable safety plan. 
The planning process consisted of the following phases: 
Discovery: The discovery phase included extensive data collection of traffic data, previous plans, regional 
and statewide safety initiatives, and understanding of the City’s policies and procedures. 
Safety Tools & Data Analysis: A review of 5-year crash data was used to determine the 
City's high-crash locations, crash types, and correlate the crash patterns with the region. A series of public 
engagement activities were used to better understand public concerns. 
Goals & Visioning: The project team worked with various city departments and aligned with state and 
regional safety goals to develop an achievable safety vision for the City to adopt for the next five years and 
progress to Vision Zero by 2050. 
Safety Strategies Development: The project team developed safety strategies following 
the Safe System Approach related to the 5 E’s, for focus areas tailored to the needs of Tolleson’s crash patterns, 
land uses, and vehicular mix. 
Implementation of Safety Strategies: The project team developed a prioritization 
matrix and identified potential funding sources for implementing safety strategies. The safety strategies are 
categorized into short-term, mid-term, and long-term time frames. 
Integration of New Strategies and Policies: Integration of the new strategies and 
policies includes council adoption of the new RSAP, implementation of the Safety Task Force Committee, 
integration of the new crash data dashboard and policies, and staff training for crash data dashboard.

2
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Federal Safe System Approach 
When creating this RSAP, Tolleson strived to develop a plan incorporating statewide and regional safety initiatives, 
Vision Zero Network guidance, and federal guidance, to integrate best safety practices and programs to achieve its 
goal. 
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Safe System Approach 
(SSA) is a systemic approach that aims to eliminate fatal and serious 
injuries for all road users by acknowledging and accommodating 
the fact that people will make mistakes, and crashes will still 
occur - but they shouldn’t end in life-altering tragedy. All 
attempts must be made to keep the impact on the human 
body tolerable. 
The SSA program (see figure to the right) is based on a 
human-centric approach in transportation system design, 
proactively identifying and addressing risks and creating 
redundancies in safety measures: 
•
Death/Serious Injury is Unacceptable
•
Humans Make Mistakes
•
Humans are Vulnerable
•
Responsibility is Shared
•
Safety is Proactive
•
Redundancy is Crucial
The five focus areas of the SSA are defined as: 
          
Safe Road Users 
Safe Vehicles 
         Safe Speeds
Safe Roads 
 Post-Crash Care 
The RSAP prepares the City for funding opportunities through the Federal Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 
(IIJA) by identifying a High Injury Network (HIN), developing actionable strategies that address fatal and serious 
crash trends, and creating comprehensive engineering, evaluation, equitable, educational, and enforcement 
solutions.  
The City will continue to work with the federal, state (Arizona Department of Transportation [ADOT]), regional 
(Maricopa Association of Governments [MAG]), and neighboring agencies to align safety plans, actions, projects, 
policies, and funding strategies for implementation.
Source: FHWA

3
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Vision & Goals 
Vision Zero refers to the ultimate goal of eliminating all fatalities and serious injuries on Tolleson roadways. It 
begins with the ethical belief that everyone—people walking, biking, taking transit, and driving—has the right to 
move safely in their community; no one should be killed or seriously injured in crashes on the transportation 
network; and all traffic deaths are preventable. A Vision Zero commitment sets measurable objectives, establishes 
a clear schedule and time frame, and proposes strategies to accomplish the objectives. 
Vision Statement: 
The City of Tolleson will strive to protect all road users by 
reducing fatal and serious injury crashes by 20 percent by 2030, 
with a long-term vision of zero such incidents by 2050.
Goals: 
Below are the goals and objectives required to establish the vision statement. 
Goals
Objectives
City will implement Vision 
Zero – all infrastructure 
projects and programs will 
have a safety component
-
Establish a Safety Task Force Committee consisting of a multi-department team 
for the continued oversight of reducing fatal and serious injury crashes
-
Establish a road safety coordinator position to oversee the progress of the Road 
Safety Action Plan 
-
Develop a High-Risk Network and identify potentially high-risk locations. 
-
Maintain the safety dashboard
-
Recognize and celebrate road safety success stories with the community 
Engage the public to 
foster a culture of safety 
on the roadways
-
Educate young drivers on road safety behavior
-
Improve safe travel to and from school for all travel modes
-
Educate pedestrians, bicyclists and motorcyclists on safe road practices 
Embrace 5 E’s of safety 
(Evaluation, Engineering, 
Enforcement, Education, 
& Equity) in all City 
initiatives and projects 
-
Create an internal, cross-department task force to review crash data 
-
Develop policies and standards to improve safety for different types of roadways 
(arterials, collectors, local streets, freight corridors) and intersections
Engage with the police 
enforcement as a major 
partner to improve safety 
-
Deploy police personnel to enforce distracted driving, driving under the influence 
(DUI), speeding and parking restrictions  
-
Effective crash coding and maintenance of crash data
-
Quick response team 
Formalize partnerships 
outside Tolleson to share 
resources, and develop 
safety solutions to reduce 
crashes in Tolleson 
-
Participate in periodic (semi-annual) meetings with the adjacent agencies 
(Phoenix, Avondale, MCDOT, ADOT) to discuss safety concerns and upcoming 
infrastructure projects 
-
Participate in the joint review of the projects to ensure safety components are 
addressed
-
Participate in the State and MAG Freight Management Plans.

4
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
On June 24, 2025, the Tolleson City Council voted to commit to Vision Zero by 2050, taking measurable, practical, 
and effective steps toward reducing fatal and serious injury crashes by 20 percent by 2030. 
The City understands and commits that transportation safety is everyone’s responsibility, including the City and 
road users. The City is proactive in employing programs and strategies to meet the City Council’s adopted goals 
and objectives of zero traffic deaths by 2050. With this, the City of Tolleson will join numerous cities and regions in 
the nation to become part of the Vision Zero Network
Tolleson Safety Committee
The technical advisory committee established for the development of this safety action plan will become the 
Tolleson Safety Committee, which will be responsible for executing, monitoring, and reporting the progress of this 
safety action plan. The committee consists of members from the following City Departments: 
City Departments in the Road Safety Action Committee: 
Current Members  
City Manager’s Office
City Manager Reyes Medrano Jr.
Government Affairs Office
Pilar Sinawi and Nico Gasca
City Development Services
Jason Earp
City Engineering and Public Works Department
Chris Hamilton and Gabriel Elias 
City Police Department
Chief Rudy Mendoza 
City Fire Department
Chief Michael Young 
.

5
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Study Area Overview
Figure 5 shows the RSAP study area, which consists of all local and arterial roadways within Tolleson. The land 
use mix in Tolleson consists of predominantly industrial and commercial uses and some residential. Tolleson has a 
large mix of warehouses and trucking industries, which results in several designated truck routes throughout the 
City. 
Figure 5. Study Area and Land Use Map
Source: City of Tolleson

6
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Roadway Classification
•
Arterial – Roads generally intended for high volumes and speeds. Arterial roadways are consistent with 
the Phoenix-metro area's north-south and east-west oriented transportation grid. These roadways are 
typically higher-speed roadways connecting to the freeway system. 
•
Collector – Roads generally intended for moderate volumes and speeds. They connect arterial roadways 
to the local street network and are scattered throughout the study area. 
•
Local – These primarily serve residential areas that have low volumes and speeds. 
The federal functional classification of the roads within Tolleson is shown in Figure 6. The State highways within 
the city limits (I-10 and Loop 101) are managed by ADOT and crashes on Loop 101 and I-10 are not included in 
the study. Entrance and exit ramp intersections were included in the analysis.
Tolleson has many roadways designated for truck traffic, which are also referred to as truck corridors or freight 
corridors and are shown in Figure 6.  Although within Tolleson's jurisdiction, several roadways are owned and 
operated by neighboring transportation departments, such as Phoenix, Maricopa County, or Avondale; these 
roadways are also highlighted in Figure 6.  
Figure 6. Federal Functional Classification
Source: Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) Arizona Transportation Information System (ATIS)
Source: MAG, City of Tolleson

7
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Traffic Volumes
Figure 7 shows the average daily traffic as obtained from the ADOT Trafic Data Management System (TDMS). 
The higher volume corridors within the City are also the designated truck corridors. During the field review, it was 
noted that there was one truck for every four to five cars, and from the ADOT TDMS truck volumes range between 
15 to 25 percent of the dailty traffic volumes on 99th Avenue, Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue, and 75th Avenue. 
Figure 7. Average Annual Daily Traffic 
Source: ADOT TDMS

8
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Equity Analysis
To develop a clear picture of the equity analysis within Tolleson, the data reviewed was done at the block level. 
This approach allowed for the most detailed, granular data analysis as it showed the most difference within a small 
study area such as Tolleson. The comprehensive equity score for the study area is shown in Figure 8 on page 23.
Methodology
In reviewing the equity data available, a comprehensive approach was taken to incorporate data from four different 
sources/tools focused on equity. These four sources include Justice 40, the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), 
EJScreen, and a proprietary Equity Needs Analysis using Census data. Each tool uses different measurements to 
display equity severity. This measurement was converted to a scoring system on a 0 to 5-point scale. Once each 
scale was overlayed statewide, the scores were then combined to establish a 20-point scale from the four sources 
to create a comprehensive lens to view equity in Tolleson.
Justice 40 Designated Places
The Justice 40 Initiative originates from Executive Order 14008. It encourages federal agencies to direct at least 40 
percent of benefits in climate, clean energy, and transportation areas towards underserved communities. 
Identification of underserved communities is done through the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool 
(CEJST) created by the White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), which utilizes a variety of publicly 
available data to determine what makes a community underserved and which “burdens” are most common. As a 
required data source for the RSAP, this data was first examined and laid the foundation for the remaining three 
data sources. A list of the burdens from the CEJST is shown in Table 13. 
Table 13. CEJST Categories of Burdens
CEJST Categories of Burdens
Climate Change
Legacy Pollution
Energy
Transportation
Health
Waste & Wastewater
Housing
Workforce Development
Social Vulnerability Index (SVI)
The SVI is a tool used by various agencies to determine the risk and resiliency of communities in the face of 
disaster, ranging from natural disasters such as tornados to manmade mishaps such as chemical spills. The SVI 
tool was created by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), which is an agency within 
the Center for Disease Control (CDC). The goal of the SVI tool is to “help public health officials and emergency 
response planners identify and map the communities that will most likely need support before, during, and after a 
hazardous event.” The ATSDR created the SVI through its Geospatial Research Analysis, and services Program 
(GRASP). To identify the SVI Score, the tool uses 16 U.S. Census variables, including age, crowding, and 
disabilities. The overall vulnerability is determined at the census tract level and is calculated as a percentage from 
zero to one, with the higher the value the higher the vulnerability. The SVI social factors are shown in Table 14. 
Table 14. SVI Social Factors
Social Vulnerability Factors
Socioeconomic Status
Racial & Ethnic Minority Status
Household Characteristics
Housing Type & Transportation

9
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
EJ Screen
Originating from the 1994 Executive Order 12898, the Environmental Justice Screening and Mapping Tool 
(EJScreen/EJ Mapper) was created. The order declared the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was tasked 
with determining where and what the potential for disproportionate environmental impact would be in the U.S. The 
updated tool provides data that was released on August 6th, 2024. There are 13 indicators and indexes that are 
ranked, those indicators are then counted to see how many are above the 80th percentile. The higher number of 
indexes above the 80th percentile, the higher the environmental impact. The 13 indicators and indexes are shown 
in Table 15. 
Table 15. EJ Screen Indicators and Indexes
EJ Screen Indicators and Indexes
Particulate Matter 2.5
RMP Facility Proximity
Ozone
Hazardous Waste Proximity
Diesel Particulate Matter
Underground Storage Tanks
Toxic Releases to Air
Wastewater Discharge
Traffic Proximity
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Lead Paint
Superfund proximity
Drinking Water Non-Compliance
Census Demographics
2020 Decennial Census data and 2022 American Community Survey (ACS) data was used to analyze 
demographic information for the City at a block group level. The data includes population, employment, 
race/ethnicity, sex, income, and disability status. Table 16 shows the demographics included in the equity needs 
analysis. 
Table 16. Equity Needs Census Components
Equity Needs Census Components
Population Density
Sex
Employment Density
Ethnicity
Foreign Born
Poverty
Race
Disability

10
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Comprehensive Equity Score
Following the scoring of each equity dataset on a scale of 0 to 5, a combined equity score was applied to each 
block group to rank locations on a scale from 0 (least underserved) to 20 (most underserved). Figure 8 shows the 
comprehensive equity score, following the combination of the four equity sources.
Figure 8. Comprehensive Equity Score

11
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Previous and Ongoing Plan Review
A review of previous and ongoing planning efforts in Tolleson, the region, and the state provides a baseline 
understanding of relevant safety planning, analysis, and goals.
City of Tolleson General Plan 2024 (2014) 
This General Plan provides the City with a guiding document. The plan has a variety of goals, policies, and 
strategies that address topics on healthy communities, walkable land use 
patterns, and sustainability. Within the transportation section, the plan 
covers the existing conditions of their roadway and the regional transit 
networks. Many of the policies mentioned in the section have a focus on 
promoting a variety of travel choices including expanding the bicycle and 
sidewalk networks and offering more transit services. This RSAP reviewed 
these policies to help understand where the City wants to focus when it 
comes to future development.
The General Plan established a vision for the City of Tolleson based on 
public input at meetings, events, and through a community survey. 
Tolleson citizens envision a city with the following attributes (bolded 
attributes are related to transportation facilities):
•
A healthy balance of residential, commercial, and recreational land uses
•
A safe, efficient, and accessible transportation system
•
Quality housing for diverse family types and income levels
•
Economic prosperity through a variety of small businesses
•
Healthy lifestyles through a range of programs, policies, and facilities
•
Conservation of natural resources
•
Leadership in energy, air and water quality, and green building standards
•
A safe and friendly community
•
Continued growth and development
Below are the Transportation Goals and Strategies adopted in the General Plan:
Goal 1: Maintain and enhance streets to retain the “small town” character of Tolleson
Goal 2: Improve vehicular mobility
Goal 3: Promote travel choices
City of Tolleson Redevelopment Plan (2014)
The Redevelopment Plan was prepared in conjunction with the 
General Plan 2024. This plan provides a deeper focus on the City’s 
core area with specific attention to housing and commercial 
developments. Within these areas there are different goals and 
strategies to address safety and connectedness ranging from 
increasing shade opportunities for pedestrians and bicyclists to 
developing an alley development program that helps connect 
pedestrians and bicyclists throughout the City and provides a buffer 
between residential housing and commercial building. Below are 
transportation related Goals and Strategies in the Redevelopment 
Plan:
•
Improve streetscapes and street layouts.
•
Make Van Buren Street an attraction to residents, tourists, and businesses
•
Improve connectivity in Tolleson through Van Buren Street.

12
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
MAG Southwest Freight Subarea 
Project Assessment (2019)
This assessment is a follow up document to the MAG Freight Transportation 
Plan. The assessment looks primarily at the area southwest of Phoenix, including 
the freight routes that intersect with Tolleson. The following recommendations 
are within the City of Tolleson and helped guide the development of 
recommendations in the RSAP:
•
83rd Ave at I-10 TI Improvements 
•
99th Ave at I-10 TI Improvements 
•
Van Buren Street Improvements from 75th Avenue to 91st Avenue 
•
75th Avenue at Van Buren Street Intersection Improvements
•
75th Avenue at Buckeye Rd/MC 85 Intersection Improvements 
•
107th Avenue at Van Buren Street Intersection Improvements 
MAG Regional Freight 
Transportation Plan (2017)
This plan reviews the freight transportation network throughout Maricopa County 
and analyzes freight traffic flows, and freight activity. The plan assesses the 
status of the freight network against established goals to determine development 
needs. Tolleson’s roadway network has several important freight lines that run 
along the border and through the City itself. For this reason, the assessment 
from this plan provided examples of freight-related policy and goals for the City.
PlanPHX 2025 General Plan Update 
(2024)
The General Plan was developed with goals and policies built around the City of 
Phoenix’s vision for their development. Several goals focused on connecting 
people and developing networks within the City and with the surrounding 
municipalities. This plan is the most recent general plan for Phoenix and provides 
a high-level overview of the villages including Estrella and Maryvale. Since the 
City of Phoenix acts as the border with the City of Tolleson on several of its 
sides, policies, goals, and proposed projects from the City of Phoenix have the 
potential to impact the City of Tolleson. The City of Phoenix also acts as an 
example for any new policy recommendations with the shared roadway network 
that the two cities have. 
Phoenix Road Safety Action Plan 
(2022)
The Phoenix RSAP is a plan with the goal of reducing the number of fatal and 
serious injury crashes to zero in a collection of cities. It looks at crash incident 
data and compares Phoenix to other cities that have taken up the goal of Vision 
Zero. The plan has links to other documents that have recommendations for 
policies and strategies to make roadways safer. These recommendations can 
help guide the City to match closely with their neighboring city, Phoenix.

13
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Avondale Transportation Plan 
Update (2017)
The Transportation Plan examines the transportation infrastructure for the City of 
Avondale and provides recommendations for improvements. It provides 
recommended projects for roadways within Avondale, several of which are 
shared borders with Tolleson, and others are improvements that will increase the 
number of vehicles that the road can accommodate. These new improvements 
could increase the number of vehicles that are traveling into or through Tolleson.
Avondale General Plan 2030 (2012)
The Avondale General Plan 2030 was developed in 2012. Acting as a guide for 
Avondale, there are projected development plans and strategies to accompany 
their growth. Since Avondale borders Tolleson to the west, there are policies and 
strategies that should be considered when examining the future projections of 
development. Also, because I-10 is a primary travel route for Avondale, there are 
strategies and policies that are focused along this route and found at the 
Tolleson border. Development along the western border of Tolleson could lead to 
an increased number of vehicles passing through the Tolleson moving along the 
arterials and the freeway.
ADOT SHSP and ATSAP (2024)
ADOT developed its Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) and Active 
Transportation Safety Action Plan (ATSAP) simultaneously in 2024. The SHSP, 
which is an update to the 2019 Strategic Traffic Safety Plan (STSP), identified 
emphasis areas to guide the planning effort, including human behavior, lane 
departure, intersections, vulnerable road users, and tribal lands. The identified 
emphasis areas will guide the recommendations and projects developed in the 
SHSP. The ATSAP developed priority segments and intersections for active 
transportation improvements and recommended projects.
ADOT Vulnerable Road User Safety 
Assessment (2023)
ADOT’s Vulnerable Road User Safety Assessment (VRUSA) is an assessment 
required by FHWA for inclusion in the SHSP that focuses on vulnerable road 
users (VRUs) in Arizona. The term VRU refers to pedestrians, bicyclists, and 
others walking on the road such as construction workers and first responders. 
The study evaluated historical safety trends for crashes involving VRUs, VRU 
activity, equity, and stakeholder input to develop strategies and programs to 
improve the safety of VRUs in Arizona. This assessment has developed the 
VRUSA’s VRU Safety Countermeasure Selection Matrix Tool which provides 
optimal strategies to implement based on three overarching categories. The tool 
identifies countermeasures by type, cost, and Safe System Approach 
effectiveness criteria. Although the City of Tolleson was not identified as a high 
priority VRU safety improvement area, the Tolleson RSAP should reference the 
Countermeasure Selection Matrix.

14
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
ADOT Strategic Traffic Safety Plan 
(2019)
The STSP is a statewide coordinated policy-based framework aimed to reduce 
serious injuries and fatalities on public roads. Within the plan the following five 
emphasis areas were highlighted: Highway Safety (behavior-related), 
Intersections, Lane Departures, Pedestrians and Safety-Related Data. Although 
there are no location-specific recommendations, the STSP’s overall analysis and 
recommendations apply as it is a statewide effort. These identified emphasis 
areas can be used statewide, including in Tolleson. Planning around these five 
emphasis areas allows the City to provide a safe roadway network for both 
pedestrians and vehicle users.

15
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Safety Performance Analysis
This section presents the safety analysis conducted for the RSAP. The safety performance analysis was designed 
to provide insight into identifying a high-crash network and a high-risk network.
Tolleson Crash Trends 
The safety performance for the City from 2019 through 2023 is summarized below. Figure 9 shows the number of 
total crashes by year, which has remained consistent. The total crashes ranged from 413 in 2020 to 573 in 2021. 
Figure 10 shows the total fatal and serious injury crashes ranging from a low of 12 in 2019 to a high of 18 in 2021. 
As shown in Figure 11, fatal crashes and serious injury crashes make up nine percent of all injury crashes. A total 
of 72 fatal and serious injury crashes were recorded from 2019 through 2023. 
Figure 9. Crashes by Year - All Crashes
Figure 10. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes  
6
11
12
9
11
6
3
6
6
2
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Serious Injury
Fatal

16
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 11. Injury Severity for All Crashes
Table 17 shows the manner of collisions for all crashes in Tolleson between 2019 and 2023. The most common 
manners of collision were rear end, left-turn, sideswipe, and angle crashes.
Table 17. Manner of Collision for All Crashes
Figure 12 shows the distribution of fatal and serious injury crashes in Tolleson between 2019 and 2023 by collision 
manner. Approximately 31 percent (11 crashes) of fatal or serious injury crashes were left turn crashes and 28 
percent (10 crashes) were pedestrian or bicycle crashes. Four fatal and serious injury crashes involved motorcycles.  
Figure 12. Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes by Collision Manner
Collision Manner
Percentage of Total
Angle (Front to Side)
13%
Head On
2%
Left Turn
23%
Rear End
33%
Sideswipe
16%
Single Vehicle
6%
Other
5%
53%
37%
6%
3%
Possible Injury
Minor Injury
Serious Injury
Fatal

17
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Crash Density and Severity 
Figure 13 shows the crash density for all crashes in the study area between 2019 and 2023. Crash concentrations 
generally correspond with intersections. 
Figure 13. Crash Density Map
Figure 14 shows the locations of the fatal and serious injury crashes in Tolleson between 2019 and 2023. Buckeye 
Road and 99th Avenue had the most fatal crashes within the timeframe

18
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 14. Crash Severity Map

19
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Time of Day Crash Trends 
Figure 15 shows time of day distribution of crashes, the day of week, and month of year distribution for all crashes 
in Tolleson between 2019 and 2023.
Figure 15. Crash Trend by Time of Day, Day of Week and Month of Year

20
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Vulnerable Road Users
Crashes involving VRUs (pedestrians and bicyclists) in Tolleson from 2019 through 2023 are summarized below. 
All 37 pedestrian and bicycle involved crashes resulted in injury. Typically, a non-injury pedestrian and bicycle 
crash is not reported since the damage value is less than $1,000. A total of 11 fatal pedestrian and bicycle crashes 
were recorded in the five-year study period. Figure 16 shows the pedestrian and bicyclist crashes by year, which 
peaked at a combined total of 11 in 2021.Fatal crashes make up 30 percent of crashes involving pedestrians and 
bicyclists. Figure 17 shows the pedestrian and bicyclist crashes in the study area.
Figure 16. Vulnerable Road User Crashes Summary
       
Figure 17. Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes Map

21
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Tolleson Specific Observations 
Younger Driver (Age 16-25) Involved Crashes 
Approximately 10 fatal and serious injury crashes involved a younger driver aged between 16 and 25, and 
approximately 400 crashes involved younger drivers. This pattern of younger driver crashes is higher than the state 
and regional averages. Figure 18 illustrates the locations of these fatal and serious injury crashes. Predominantly, 
these were either rear-end or left-turn type of crashes. 
Figure 18. Younger Drivers Involved Fatal or Serious Injury Crashes (2019 and 2023)
Severe Injury Crash
Fatal Crash
Truck-Related Crashes
One of the major land uses in Tolleson is large-scale industrial warehouses. This attracts many trucks and freight 
that travel through the designated City corridors. Approximately 17 fatal and serious injury crashes involved freight 
vehicles. Figure 19 shows the location of truck-related crashes in Tolleson between 2019 and 2023. 
Figure 19. Freight Truck-Related Crashes between 2019 and 2023

22
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Severe Injury Crash
Fatal Crash
Crash Coding 
While reviewing the crash data obtained from ADOT, several crashes were wrongly reported/coded. Many 
sideswipes, and pedestrian or bicycle crashes were coded as angle crashes. These errors were manually filtered 
and corrected for this analysis; however, erroneous coding of vehicle type was not corrected as there were no 
means to verify the data. Figure 19, on page 22, shows several truck-related crashes in neighborhoods, and it is 
expected that pick-up truck-related crashes were wrongly coded as semi-truck-related crashes.  Since there is no 
means to verify this data, these crashes were not revised or corrected.  
Secondly, several pedestrian-related serious injury and fatal crashes were not coded correctly, and only a small 
amount of information was available from the crash database. Actual crash reports are needed to understand the 
primary cause of these crashes. 
Lastly, the crashes in Tolleson are coded by many police departments, such as the Phoenix Police Department, 
the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office, and the Tolleson Police Department (PD). While an attempt was made to 
segregate the crashes by roadways within and outside Tolleson, several crashes on Van Buren Street near 91st 
Street, although within Tolleson, were wrongly coded as outside Tolleson. This is because these crashes were 
coded by a police department other than the Tolleson PD. Although this has a minor impact on the crash data 
analysis, in the future, coding officers should ensure that the right jurisdiction is identified in the crash database.

23
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Regional and Statewide Safety Initiatives
MAG Area Comparison 
MAG has compiled crash data for the region from 2007 through 2022. MAG data from 2019 through 2022 shows 
similar crash trends to those in Tolleson. Figure 20 shows the comparison of total crashes in the MAG region and 
the Tolleson crash trend line during the five-year study period (2019-2022). 
Figure 20. Comparison of MAG Area Crash Trends with Tolleson Crash Trend
MAG has identified the intersection of I-10 at 99th Avenue as one of the top 100 high-crash risk intersections. This 
intersection was also identified under the network screening method applied for this RSAP as one of the priority 
intersections. However, this intersection is owned by ADOT, so Tolleson must collaborate with ADOT to implement 
the countermeasures identified for this location. 
MAG has assisted local agencies with acquiring local, state and federal funds and has developed and released 
several road safety programs. These funding options and resources are available for the City to apply for funding 
for evaluation, design, and deployment, and adoption and implementation within its jurisdiction. 
In review of the MAG Regional Freight Transportation Plan and the Southwest Freight Subarea Project 
Assessment Report, there have been roads within the City of Tolleson limits identified as truck routes by other 
jurisdictions. The MAG Regional Freight Transportation Plan has a map and ranking system that identified six 
roads that are within Tolleson.
•
107th Ave
•
99th Ave
•
83rd Ave
•
Buckeye Rd
•
Van Buren St
•
Interstate 10
Only one road from this list was ranked in this plan. Van Buren Street from 83rd Ave to 75th Ave was scored 
according to the four goals that the plan laid out. These goals were System Preservation and Safety, Access and 
Mobility, Sustaining the Environment, and Accountability and Planning. Each goal was scored on a scale of 1 to 9 
based on its criteria, and the scores were averaged across the board. The Van Buren Street scored a 5.4 with 
getting a 1 in goals 1 and 4 and a 9 in goals 2 and 3. This score was amongst the highest in the plan. 
Tolleson Crash 
Trend

24
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
ADOT SHSP Safety Emphasis Area Comparison
ADOT completed the Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) in 2024 and this study established five safety 
emphasis areas for Arizona: human behavior, vulnerable road users, intersections, lane departure, and tribal lands 
(as shown in Figure 21). All of these emphasis areas apply to Tolleson except the tribal lands emphasis area.  
Safety strategies identified to mitigate crashes in these emphasis areas can be reviewed while developing 
countermeasures for the City. 
Figure 21. Statewide Fatalities by SHSP Safety Emphasis Area
Tolleson Fatal Crashes by SHSP Safety Emphasis Area
Fatal crashes in Tolleson were organized by each SHSP safety emphasis area to identify if local safety trends 
mirror statewide trends. Table 18 shows the fatal crashes by safety emphasis area (the tribal lands emphasis area 
was excluded due to no tribal lands existing within the City). Like statewide trends, the human behavior-related 
emphasis area accounted for the highest percentage of fatal crashes in Tolleson. The intersection emphasis area-
related crashes accounted for the second highest percentage of fatal crashes in Tolleson.
Table 18. Fatal Crashes in Tolleson by SHSP Safety Emphasis Area
Safety Emphasis Area
Tolleson (%) of Fatalities 
Statewide % of Fatalities
Human Behavior
69%
71%
Lane Departure
14%
66%
Vulnerable Road Users
28%
25%
Intersections
44%
35%

25
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
ADOT VRUSA CRASH LIGHTING CONDITION 
COMPARISON
ADOT’s VRUSA identified statewide historical safety trends for crashes involving VRUs. One notable finding was 
that statewide, 67 percent of pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries occurred at night, as shown in Figure 22. By 
comparison, Figure 23 shows 55 percent of pedestrian crashes occurred at night in the Tolleson study area. 
Figure 22. Arizona Pedestrian Serious Injuries and Fatalities by Lighting Condition
Figure 23. Tolleson Pedestrian Serious Injuries and Fatalities by Lighting Condition
33%
2%
3%
46%
16%
Daylight
Dawn
Dusk
Dark with Lighting
Dark without Lighting

26
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Regional, State, and Federal Safety Initiatives 
MAG Safety Programs Initiatives: 
•
Left-turn Crash Mitigation Implementation Template and Guidance: MAG developed this guidance 
document to address fatal and serious injuries crashes at intersections related to creating positive offsets 
at left-turn lanes.
•
See Me AZ Program: MAG’s Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Education and Enforcement program 
provides regional resources for improving pedestrian and bicyclist safety in the region.
•
Road Safety Program (RSP): The MAG RSP was initiated in September 2019 by MAG to supplement 
the state’s Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP). The RSP assists with providing additional 
funding in the short term. MAG will facilitate a Highway User Revenue Fund (HURF) swap and regional 
safety program that can improve the safety conditions of our roadways in all areas, from rural to dense 
urban. MAG developed this program to address these critical regional funding needs in the near term. 
Although this program did sunset, a similar program is anticipated through the new Prop 479 funds. 
•
Local Agency Safety Studies (LASS): This program provides member agencies the opportunity to 
submit candidate projects for inclusion in the LASS Program. Applications may be submitted for Road 
Safety Assessments (RSAs), Design Phase RSAs, or other studies at high-priority crash locations or 
corridors to identify appropriate countermeasures for prioritization and implementation.
o
RSA Program: Assist agencies in developing a proactive approach to improving road safety 
through a formal examination of a particular intersection or a corridor from a road safety 
viewpoint. 
Federal Initiatives Locally Administered through MAG 
and ADOT: 
•
Safe Routes to School Program: Safe Routes to School (SRTS) provides resources, including 
evaluation and recommendations, to create a safe walking and biking path to school. This program offers 
schools and municipalities the opportunity to administer SRTS initiatives and activities
•
Highway Safety Improvement Program: HSIP was introduced through federal surface transportation 
legislation, first in the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for User 
(SAFETEA-LU) and now identified in IIJA. It specifically focuses on improving road safety. This program 
has been administered and managed by ADOT. 
•
Transportation Alternatives Program: The Transportation Alternatives (TA) program under the Surface 
Transportation Block Grant (STBG) Program provides funding for various transportation projects aimed at 
improving pedestrian and bicycle facilities, community improvements such as historic preservation and 
recreational trails, SRTS projects, and vulnerable road user safety assessments. This program has been 
administered and managed by ADOT. 
Programs Administered by FHWA
SS4A Grant Program: The IIJA established the SS4A competitive grant program with $5 billion in 
appropriated funds over 5 years (2022-2026). The SS4A program funds regional, local, and Tribal 
initiatives through grants to prevent roadway fatalities and serious injuries. Almost $2 billion is still 
available for future funding rounds. The SS4A program supports the USDOT’s National Roadway Safety 
Strategy and our goal of zero roadway deaths using the SSA.

27
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Network Screening Analysis
The Highway Safety Manual (HSM), Volume 1 Part B, Roadway Safety Management outlines the process that 
agencies should use to review crash frequency and severity on the existing roadway network. The Roadway Safety 
Management Process is shown in Figure 24. Network screening is the first step in the Roadway Safety 
Management Process. 
Figure 24. Highway Safety Manual Roadway Safety Management Process
The network screening process identifies and ranks locations, from most likely to least likely, by calculating a crash 
frequency reduction with the implementation of countermeasures. Locations identified as most likely to have a 
crash frequency reduction should be studied in detail to understand trends in crash patterns, contributing factors, 
and identify appropriate countermeasures. For this RSAP, the network screening steps included: 
•
Determine the crash frequency and a list of the intersections and segments with the highest crash 
frequencies
•
Calculate individual crash rates for each roadway and intersection and list the intersections and 
segments with the highest crash rate
•
Compare the tables with high crash frequency with high crash rate and develop a composite table with 
high priority locations using the network screening methodology adopted by the MAG
•
Determine typical crash patterns for each location where there are an unusual number of specific crash 
types occurring
•
Determine the high injury network and develop the countermeasure for the specific crash type at each 
location, intersection or segment 
NETWORK 
SCREENING
DIAGNOSIS
SELECT 
COUNTERMEASURES
ECONOMIC 
APPRAISAL
PRIORITIZE 
PROJECTS
SAFETY 
EFFECTIVENESS 
EVALUATION

28
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Crash Rates and Frequency
Crash rates were developed based on FHWA guidance. Crash rates were developed for segments and 
intersections along the classified roadway network in Tolleson. The following formula was used to calculate crash 
rates:
𝑅= 1,000,000 𝑥 𝐶
365 𝑥 𝑁 𝑥 𝑉𝑥𝐿
Where:
•
R = Crash rate for the intersection or segment expressed as crashes per million entering vehicles (MEV)
•
C = Total number of crashes in the study period
•
N = Number of years of data
•
V = Traffic volume entering the intersection or on the segment daily
•
L = Length of the segment. This was not applied to intersections
Volumes for calculating the crash rate were obtained from the ADOT TDMS. Figure 25 shows the crash rates for 
road segments and intersections. The highest intersection crash rates are located at the traffic interchanges with I-
10 at 83rd Avenue, 91st Avenue, and 99th Avenue. The intersection of 107th Avenue and Buckeye Road was also 
high. High crash rate segments include portions of 83rd Avenue, 91st Avenue, 99th Avenue, Van Buren Street, and 
several entrance and exit ramps. 
Figure 26 shows crash frequency at intersections and on segments. Per the information in Figure 26, 83rd Avenue 
has the highest number of crashes, followed by portions of 91st and 99th Avenue. Reviewing the number of crashes 
at a given location aids understanding the cost to society incurred at a location but does not provide a complete 
indication of the level of risk for those who use that roadway segment or intersection. The crash rate analysis 
method includes a statistical review of locations to determine where risk is higher than that at other locations. It is 
also the first step in analyzing patterns that may suggest systemic issues that can be addressed at a specific 
location.  
A composite review of the crash rate and crash frequency was used to determine critical intersections and 
corridors for the City. The results of this analysis are summarized in Table 19 identifying the high priority roadway 
segments and intersections in Tolleson. 
Table 19. High Priority Locations
Segments
Intersections
75th Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
83rd Avenue, Buckeye Road and I-10
91st Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
99th Avenue, Buckeye Road and Van Buren Street
Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue and 99th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 75th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 83rd Avenue
Buckeye Road and 91st Avenue
Buckeye Road and 99th Avenue
Buckeye Road and 107th Avenue
Van Buren Street and 75th Avenue
Van Buren Street and 83rd Avenue
Van Buren Street and 99th Avenue
All I-10 ramps

29
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 25. Segment and Intersection Crash Rate
Figure 26. Segment and Intersection Crash Frequency
Crash Rates are reflective of crashes per million vehicles

30
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
High Injury Locations
The RSAP requires identification of a high-injury network or high-injury locations. For this purpose, the high-priority 
locations were reviewed against locations with fatal or serious injury crashes. Figure 27 shows the locations of 
serious and fatal injury crashes in Tolleson. This process removed the locations with high frequency of non-injury 
crashes and helped focus on locations with injury and fatal crashes only. Table 20 lists out the high injury 
segments and intersections in Tolleson.  
Figure 27. Fatal and Serious Crash Locations
Table 20. High Injury Locations
Segments
Intersections
Buckeye Road, 75th Avenue to 107th Avenue 
99th Avenue, Van Buren Street to I-10
91st Avenue, Van Buren Street to I-10
83rd Avenue, Jefferson to I-10
93rd Avenue, North of Van Buren Street 
80th Avenue, North of Buckeye Rd 
Buckeye Road and 83rd Avenue
Buckeye Road and 91st Avenue
Buckeye Road and 107th Avenue
Pierce Street and 99th Avenue
Van Buren Street at 99th Avenue 
Van Buren Street at 91st Avenue 
Van Buren Street at 107th Avenue 
I-10 Ramps at 91st Avenue, and 99th Avenue

31
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Jurisdictional Boundaries and Roadway 
Ownership
As previously discussed, several roadways such as Buckeye Road, portions of 83rd Avenue, and 107th Avenue are 
within Tolleson’s jurisdiction, but are owned by MCDOT, Phoenix, and Avondale respectively. Although some of 
these segments are identified as high injury corridors, segments, or intersections, Tolleson will have to work with 
the owning agency to implement the countermeasures identified for these roadways. Table 21 summarizes the 
High Injury Locations that Tolleson needs to coordinate with other agencies to implement. Although 
countermeasures are identified for these locations, no priorities are identified for these locations. Table 22 list the 
locations and segments that the City can implement within its jurisdiction.  
Table 21. High Injury Locations with Roadway Ownership by other Agencies 
Segments
Intersections
Buckeye Road, 75th Avenue to 107th Avenue 
83rd Avenue, Van Buren Street to I-10
Buckeye Road and 83rd Avenue
Buckeye Road and 91st Avenue
Buckeye Road and 107th Avenue
Van Buren Street at 107th Avenue 
Table 22. High Injury Locations within Tolleson Jurisdiction
Segments
Intersections
99th Avenue, Van Buren Street to I-10
91st Avenue, Van Buren Street to I-10
93rd Avenue, North of Van Buren Street 
80th Avenue, North of Buckeye Road
83rd Avenue, Jefferson St to Van Buren Street
Pierce Street and 99th Avenue
Van Buren Street and 99th Avenue
Van Buren Street at 91st Avenue

32
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Public and Stakeholder Involvement
The project team conducted significant public outreach and stakeholder outreach to seek input on potential 
strategies and focus areas for safety improvements. Public outreach included an online survey and pop-up events. 
Stakeholder outreach included organizing a Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) with regular meetings and a 
safety summit.
Online Survey
The project team created an online survey for respondents to help identify transportation safety issues and 
priorities and influence the development of recommendations for the RSAP. The survey was available in English 
and Spanish. The survey had 52 unique responses with input generally applying to one or more of the following 
common themes:
•
Respondents largely use their personal vehicles, but would like to walk/run/bike more often
•
Intersections or general areas where people feel unsafe include:
o
Roundabout at 99th Avenue and Lower Buckeye Road
o
91st Avenue and Van Buren Street
•
The City should prioritize the following characteristics when identifying project areas for improvement:
o
Locations with high numbers of crashes
o
Locations with high traffic volumes
o
Areas around schools
•
Respondents would like to see a reduction in fatal and serious injury crashes
•
Distracted driving and high vehicle speeds are the top safety concerns
Pop-Up Events
To obtain a more equitable range of input, the project team hosted three pop-up events throughout the community. 
The pop-up events were located at the City’s Trick or Treat event, the Senior Center, and the Teen Council.
Trick or Treat
On October 18, 2024, the project team attended the City’s 
Trick or Treat event located at The PLACE (Paseo de 
Luces Arts Center of Entertainment). The project team 
distributed the survey and spoke with patrons of the event 
about how they would like to see the transportation 
network improve throughout Tolleson. A fluent 
Spanish-speaker was on site to provide translation 
services.

33
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Senior Center
On November 7, 2024, the project team presented an 
overview of the RSAP process at the Senior Center, 
obtained direct feedback from the public, and 
distributed surveys to the attendees. 
Teen Council
The Teen Council consists of 7th grade to 12th grade students who are enrolled 
within the Tolleson School Districts. The Teen Council meets on the first and third 
Wednesday of each month. On November 20, 2024, the project team presented 
an overview of the RSAP to the Teen Council and distributed surveys to the 
attendees. 
Stakeholder Engagement
Technical Advisory Committee
A TAC was organized to guide the development of the RSAP. The TAC met bi-monthly to discuss the project 
progress and consisted of representatives from the following agencies:
•
City Staff
•
Tolleson Police Department
•
Tolleson Fire Department
The roles and responsibilities of the TAC were to:
•
Attend TAC meetings
•
Confirm project scope and schedule
•
Help address challenges and remove barriers to improving safety
•
Review project progress
•
Be a safety advocate

34
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Safety Summit
On November 13, 2024, the project team held a Safety Summit 
for stakeholders to brainstorm potential solutions to increase 
safety in the transportation network. The attendees included 
representatives from the following groups: 
•
TAC
•
School District Officials
•
City Management Group 
•
City Public Relations Group 
•
Law Enforcement 
•
Emergency Services
•
FHWA 
•
MAG
•
MCDOT 
•
City of Avondale  
•
City of Phoenix
The attendees brainstormed potential solutions in four focus 
areas: neighborhood, pedestrian, and bicycle safety; 
intersections; freight and truck movement; and roadway 
segments. Ideas were written down and voted on by the 
attendees. Table 23 shows the top priority solutions identified.
Table 23. Safety Summit High-Priority Solutions Summary
Neighborhood, 
Pedestrian, and 
Bicycle Safety
Intersections
Freight and Truck 
Movement
Roadway Segments
Protected “left-only” 
turns
Conflicting movement 
mitigation
Improved pavement 
markings & signage
Trailing left turn arrows and 
pavement conditions
Education – all levels
Confusion on speed limits 
and separate users
Education and commercial 
driver license (CDL) training
Truck restrictions
Enhanced enforcement 
at specific times of day 
Signal coordination
Targeted education
Roundabouts
Consistent roadway 
design
Signal phasing wiring, EMS 
pre-emption, and 
coordination across 
jurisdiction signals
Enhanced enforcement
Educational campaign and 
distracted drivers
Increased 
visibility/lighting
More crossings in strategic 
locations
Freeway access 
management
Social media type 
information
Raised speed tables
Community Bridges Inc. 
(CBI) concerns
Study freight movement to 
target strategies
Refresh pavement 
markings
Lights on bikes
School crossing at 93rd 
Street
Lower truck speed limit and 
truck lanes
Targeted enforcement
Photo enforcement
Railings along segments to 
separate users
Parking enforcement
Improve signal timing & 
detection
Combine EMS forces
Towing & recovery support
Advanced closure & taper, 
TIM training, ATSSA 
training, and enforcement

35
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
A second Safety Summit was held virtually on February 27, 2025. This meeting was held to establish the Vision 
and Goals of the RSAP and discuss safety strategies and policies that require commitments from the different 
departments within Tolleson.  The attendees included: 
•
TAC
•
School District Officials
•
City Management Group 
•
Law Enforcement 
•
Emergency Services
The meeting attendees accepted the safety Vision, goals, objectives, and evaluation matrix presented, which are 
included in the final recommendations of this RSAP.  
A third Safety Summit was held virtually on April 9, 2025.  This meeting discussed the safety strategies and 
projects developed through the RSAP and how they need to be coordinated with the adjacent agencies for 
Implementation. The attendees of this meeting were: 
•
City Engineering
•
MCDOT Staff 
•
Avondale Staff 
•
Phoenix Staff 
This meeting aimed to develop a strategy and synergy between the agencies to initiate coordination and 
discussion on all infrastructure in and around Tolleson, which will directly and indirectly impact traffic safety in 
Tolleson. Some of the highlights of this meeting included:  
•
The City is to lead a semi-annual Safety Coalition meeting with Phoenix, MCDOT, and Avondale to 
discuss infrastructure projects along the roadways that border Tolleson 
•
The City will be included as one of the project reviewers and may request necessary safety 
improvements (if not included in the project scope) for these infrastructure projects 
•
Partner agencies acknowledge that they will coordinate with Tolleson as a joint request on any systemic 
safety improvement funding, such as 3” retro-reflective tape for all signal heads or one signal head per 
lane for Freight Corridors 
•
Partner agencies acknowledge coordinating with the City to develop uniform speed limits along Buckeye 
Road, 83rd Avenue, and 107th Avenue
•
Partner agencies to work with MAG and ADOT to develop safety strategies for Freight Corridors

36
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Safety Strategies
Many factors contribute to safe mobility within a region, including roadway design, travel speeds, vehicle mix, land 
uses, enforcement, behaviors, technology, and policies. To deploy a successful plan, it is imperative to approve a 
group of actionable strategies that, over time, will achieve the shared goal of zero fatalities and serious injuries that 
encompass the five E’s. The review of crash data and further public input led to the identification of three emphasis 
areas and four focus areas where implementation of safety strategies is anticipated to have the highest impact on 
reducing traffic fatalities and serious injuries.
General Strategies - Develop a safety culture and practice within the City 
Human Behavior Strategies - Use of Education and Enforcement to inculcate safety 
behavior related to:   
a.
   Young Drivers, Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Motorcyclists, Freight Drivers 
b.
   Neighborhood and School Zone Safety 
Infrastructure Strategies - Use of Engineering and Evaluation methods to identify 
infrastructure improvements to address:
a.
Vulnerable Road Users: Pedestrian, Bicycle, Motorcycle 
      EMPHASIS AREA
b.
Diverse Vehicular Mix in Tolleson
Safety projects for the infrastructure emphasis areas are specifically applied to develop countermeasures for the 
following four focus groups, developed based on the crash patterns identified in Tolleson: 
1.
Active Transportation (Pedestrian and Bicyclist Movements) 
2.
Freight Travel
3.
Major Intersections 
4.
Roadway Segments 
Within each emphasis area, objectives provide distinct guidance on what needs to be accomplished. Each 
objective has time-bound performance metrics to measure success throughout the implementation of this RSAP. 
Performance metrics will track and evaluate either programmatic metrics, an increase/decrease in a given metric, 
or the installation/improvement of infrastructure. 
Table 24 and Table 25 shows the general and human behavior policies and strategies recommended for this 
RSAP, respectively. Table 26 shows recommended studies and practices to reduce fatal and serious injury 
crashes. The infrastructure strategies and projects are covered in the next section.

37
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table 24. Planned and Recommended General Strategies for Tolleson RSAP
5 E's Addressed
Application of 
the Strategy
Objectives/
Strategy 
No.
Strategies
Evaluation
Engineering
Enforcement
Education
Equity
Systemic, 
Specific 
Location, or 
Programmatic
Departments 
Involved 
Objective: Establish foundational elements of Safety First, with an ultimate Vision Zero goal, including a timeline & 
goals for implementation & evaluation 
GN 01
Implement a Safety Task 
Force Committee consisting 
of a multi-department team 
for continued oversight of 
reducing KSI crashes
Timeline: October 2025 
☑
☑
☑
☑
☑
Programmatic
GN 02
Create a Road Safety status 
report on objectives, updated 
every year-end and 
published in Spring 
Timeline: Fall 2026
☑
☑
☑
☑
☑
Programmatic
Engineering, PD, 
City Management 
Education, Public 
Relations, 
Maintenance, 
Planning & 
Development 
Services
Objective: Reduce crash risk on roadways by creating a culture of road safety within the city 
GN 03
Integrate safety review in the 
development of capital 
improvement plan (CIP) 
projects & private 
development projects
Timeline: July 2025 and 
continuous 
☑
☑
 
 
☑
Programmatic
Engineering
GN 04
Establish a new City Road 
Safety Coordinator to 
oversee all the actions in this 
RSAP
Timeline: December 2025 
and continuous 
☑
 
 
 
 
Programmatic
Engineering/Public 
Relations 
GN 05
Implement a smaller 
emergency response crew 
and vehicles for response to 
neighborhood crashes 
Timeline: July 2027 
 
 
☑
 
 
Programmatic
PD/Fire

38
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
GN 06
Conduct monthly 
enforcement for speeding, 
illegal on-street truck parking, 
Alcohol and drug
Timeline: July 2025 and 
continuous every quarter 
 
 
☑
 
 
Programmatic
PD 
Objective: Reduce crash risk on roadways by enhancing safety data collection & evaluation
GN 07
Create a road safety crash 
dashboard available to all 
departments of the City to 
analyze, identify, and rank 
high crash locations and 
develop countermeasures 
Timeline: July 2025 and 
annual update July each year
☑
☑
☑
☑
☑
Programmatic
Engineering, PD, 
Education , Public 
Relations
GN 08
Create a crash data coding 
training program and train 
first responders on 
appropriate crash data 
coding 
Timeline: July 2027 and 
annual refresher course 
☑
 
 
☑
 
Programmatic
PD
GN 09
Integrate crash data from 
Tolleson PD / ADOT 
Timeline: July 2025 and 
continuous every six months  
☑
 
 
 
 
Programmatic
PD
GN 10
Conduct before/after 
evaluations for previously 
implemented safety projects, 
including enforcement 
projects
Timeline: July 2027 and 
annual update
☑
☑
 
 
 
Programmatic
Engineering, PD

39
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table 25. Planned and Recommended Strategies Involving Human Behavior Change to Reduce Fatal and Serious 
Injury Crashes
5 E's Addressed
Application of 
the Strategy
Objectives/
Strategy 
No.
Strategies
Evaluation
Engineering
Enforcement
Education
Equity
Systemic, 
Specific 
Location, 
Programmatic
Departments 
Involved 
Objective: Reduce crashes involving young drivers through behavioral changes
BR 01
Establish transportation safety 
education programs as part of the 
high school curriculum. 
Conduct at least one road safety 
education program per year for 
young drivers (High school 
students)
Timeline: Starting from the 2026-
2027 academic year and 
maintaining an annual program 
 
 
 
☑
☑
Programmatic
Engineering, 
PD, Education 
BE 02
Expand transportation safety 
enforcement near high school 
areas.
Timeline: Starting from the 2026-
2027 academic year and quarterly 
enforcement  
 
 
☑
 
 
Programmatic
PD
Objective: Reduce crashes involving pedestrians, bicycles and motorcycles through behavioral changes
BR 03
Establish transportation safety 
education media campaigns 
focusing on pedestrians/bicyclists/ 
motorcycle users
Timeline: One in Spring and the 
second in Fall
 
 
 
☑
☑
Programmatic
Public Relations
BR 04
Develop a transportation safety 
education program for student 
pedestrian & bicyclist education, 
safety, and awareness efforts, 
focusing on elementary and 
middle school students 
Timeline: Starting from the 2026-
2027 academic year and 
maintaining an annual program 
 
 
 
☑
☑
Programmatic
Engineering, 
Education, 
Public Relations

40
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Objective: Reduce crashes related to impaired driving (drugs and alcohol), speeding, distracted driving and 
aggressive driving 
BR 05
Expand DUI, speeding, distracted, 
and aggressive driving behavior 
enforcement through the use of 
high-visibility enforcement 
techniques, saturation patrols, and 
integrated enforcement tactics. 
Timeline: Fall 2025 and quarterly 
enforcement
 
 
☑
 
 
Programmatic
PD/Engineering 
BR 06
Develop roadway safety 
awareness and education 
campaigns for people driving 
vehicles, in concert with 
enforcement efforts, to specifically 
target change in road user 
behavior related to speeding, red-
light running, distracted driving, 
and aggressive driving
Timeline: Fall 2026 and semi-
annual media outreach  
☑
☑
☑
☑
Programmatic
PD, Public 
Relations

41
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Table 26. Planned and Recommended Strategies/Policies to Reduce Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes through 
New Studies, Practices, and Policies
5 E's Addressed
Objectives/
Strategy 
No.
Strategies
Evaluation
Engineering
Enforcement
Education
Equity
Application of 
the Strategy
Departments 
Involved 
Objective: Develop safety projects through studies 
Study 01
Conduct Safe Routes to School 
Study for all schools in the City. 
Timeline: School year 2025-2026
☑
☑
☑
☑
☑
School Zones 
(All schools in 
Tolleson)
Engineering
Study 02
Conduct Road Safety Audits 
(RSA) for high-injury locations.  
Timeline: Annual review and one 
project per year 
☑
☑
 
 
 
High Crash 
Locations
Engineering, 
PD 
Study 03
Partner with ADOT, MAG, and 
regional partners in the 
upcoming freight study to 
develop policies and standards 
for freight corridors 
Timeline: Project anticipated to 
begin in fall 2025
☑
☑
 
 
☑
Programmatic
Engineering
Study 04
Evaluate and implement uniform 
travel speed along the freight 
corridor 
Timeline: Study Fall 2025, 
annual review, one corridor per 
year 
 
☑
 
 
 
Systemic 
Engineering
Objective: Develop new standards, visualizing through the safety lens
Policy 01
Develop roadway cross-sections 
for each roadway type within the 
City, defining spaces for each 
mode of transport.  
Timeline: Next General Plan 
update 
☑
☑
 
 
☑
Programmatic
Engineering
Policy 02
Develop a Neighborhood Traffic 
Calming Toolbox and implement 
one project each year.  
Timeline: Next update on City 
Standards and Policies 
 
☑
 
☑
☑
Neighborhood 
Roadways & 
Intersections 
Engineering

42
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Policy 03
Develop and implement design 
standards for driveway and 
intersection design to 
accommodate trucks 
Timeline: Next General Plan 
update
 
☑
 
 
 
Programmatic
Engineering
Policy 04
Develop signal design standards: 
- Install one signal head per 
lane 
- 3” retro-reflective tape.
Timeline: Next update on City 
Standards and Policies 
 
☑
 
 
 
Freight 
Corridors and 
Arterials 
Engineering
Policy 06
Require streetlights on both sides 
of the road 
Timeline: Next update on City 
Standards and Policies 
 
☑
 
 
 
Freight 
Corridors & 
Arterials  
Engineering
Policy 07
Develop access management 
standards and policies for Freight 
Corridors to avoid closely spaced 
truck driveways
Timeline: Next update on City 
Standards and Policies   
 
☑
 
 
 
Programmatic
Engineering
Policy 08
Enforce no on-street freight 
parking on Arterials, Collectors 
and local street 
Timelines: July 2025 and 
quarterly enforcement 
 
 
☑
☑
 
PD, 
Engineering

43
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Infrastructure Projects
The core of this RSAP consists of implementable infrastructure strategies that have the potential to significantly 
reduce fatal and serious injury crashes in Tolleson. These strategies are also connected to at least one of the five 
E’s of the Safe System Approach. Each strategy also lists the City’s departments and agencies needed for its 
implementation.
Through the safety analysis and public and stakeholder input, the project team was able to identify 47 potential 
solutions to improve safety, divided between the following improvement types: 
•
Active Transportation Improvements – focused on improving pedestrian and bicyclist movements 
•
Enforcement – specific roadways and corridors 
•
Road Construction/Maintenance – improve capacity, access management, and visibility
•
Traffic Control – improve signal timing, signal visibility, and safer operations 
Active Transportation Improvements
Potential active transportation improvements include a variety of measures aimed at creating greater separation 
between motor vehicle travel lanes and people walking and bicycling. Table 27 and Figure 28 show the 
preliminary potential active transportation solutions in Tolleson. 
Table 27. Active Transportation Improvements
ID
Name
Description
1
99th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Install new continuous sidewalk and/or multi-use path (MUP) 
to separate pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
2
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street 
Install new continuous sidewalk and/or MUP to separate 
pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
3
Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue to 93rd 
Avenue 
Install a new continuous sidewalk, buffered bike lane, or multi-
use path to separate pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel 
lanes.
4
99th Avenue/Roosevelt Street 
Crossing Improvements
Install a pedestrian crosswalk at the south leg of the 
intersection and remove the crosswalk at the north leg.
5
6
7
91st Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
99th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Complete the missing sidewalk. Consider developing MUP in 
place of the sidewalk to function as a grade-separated bike 
lane or installing a 2-foot buffer between the travel lane and 
bike lane.
8
9
10
99th Avenue: Van Buren Street to I-10
Buckeye Road: 91st Avenue to 75th 
Avenue
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street
Install a 2-foot buffer between the travel lane and bike lane.

44
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 28. Active Transportation Improvements

45
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Speed Mitigation and Enforcement
Speed mitigation strategies include conducting speed studies to deploy appropriate and uniform speed limits along 
corridors, installing flashing speed feedback signs, and implementing targeted police enforcement.  Police 
enforcement measures are designed to enhance understanding of and compliance with traffic laws. Table 28 
Shows the preliminary potential enforcement solutions in Tolleson.
Table 28. Speed Mitigation with Enforcement 
ID
Name
Description
11
91st Avenue Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, 
and red light running
12
Buckeye Road Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, 
and red light running
13
83rd Avenue Speed Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, 
and red light running
14
Buckeye Road Freight Parking Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
15
83rd Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
16
99th Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions
Enforce no on-street freight parking.
17
99th Avenue Speed Limit Improvements
Implement uniform posted speed limits for the corridor through 
studies and periodically enforce it to address speeding, DUI, 
and red light running
18
91st Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs.
19
107th Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs.

46
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Road Construction/Maintenance
Potential road construction/maintenance improvements include a variety of measures aimed at improving safety on 
specific segments and intersections throughout the City. Table 29 and Figure 29 show the preliminary potential 
road construction/maintenance solutions in Tolleson (note: not all potential improvements are on the map).
Table 29. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements
ID
Name
Description
20
Van Buren Street: 99th Avenue to 107th 
Avenue - Lane Width and Access 
Management Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and continuous 
lanes (to reduce scalloped streets). Reduce and consolidate 
closely spaced driveways. Install median and street lights on 
both sides of the road
21
107th Avenue Lane: Buckeye Road to Van 
Buren Street - Lane Width and Access 
Management Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and continuous 
lanes (to reduce scalloped streets). Reduce and consolidate 
closely spaced driveways.  Install median and street lights 
on both sides of the road.
24*
Signal Visibility Improvements 
Install 3” retro-reflective tape on all traffic signal back plates 
throughout the City
25
99th Avenue/Van Buren Street - Intersection 
Reconfiguration
Redesign the intersection to accommodate appropriate lane 
widths and turn radii, minimizing crossing distance.
26
99th Avenue/I-10 Eastbound On-Ramp - 
Intersection Improvements
Design and install an exclusive northbound right-turn lane on 
99th Avenue.
27
91st Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - Street 
Lighting Improvements
Install streetlights at intersections.
28
83rd Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - Street 
Lighting Improvements
29
107th Avenue: Buckeye Road to Van Buren 
Street - Lighting Improvements
Install streetlights on both sides of the road.
30
83rd Avenue: I-10 to Buckeye Road - 
Pavement Marking Improvements
Improve pavement markings and install raised pavement 
markers (RPMs).
31
Buckeye Road: 75th Avenue to 107th 
Avenue - Lane Reconfiguration
Provide uniform lane sizes and limit the number of lane 
drops
32
99th Avenue: Roosevelt Road to Pierce 
Lane - Midblock Crossing Mitigation
Install raised medians and safety railings along the sidewalk 
on the west side of 99th Avenue between Van Buren Street 
and Roosevelt Street to prevent mid-block crossing.
*not included on the Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements map on the following page

47
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 29. Road Construction/Maintenance Improvements

48
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Traffic Control
Potential traffic control improvements include a variety of measures aimed at improving traffic signal timing, traffic 
signal visibility, and access management. Table 30 and Figure 30 show the preliminary potential traffic control 
solutions in Tolleson (note: not all potential improvements are on the map).
Table 30. Traffic Control Improvements
ID
Name
Description
34
99th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
35
Buckeye Road Truck Signal Timing
36
107th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression and truck-
appropriate clearance intervals.
37
99th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
38
Buckeye Road Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
39
107th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near side signal heads to 
improve traffic signal visibility.
40
99th Avenue FYA Improvements
41
Buckeye Road FYA Improvements
42
107th Avenue FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows (FYA) to allow for protected left-
turn phasing during peak hours.
43
91st Avenue/Van Buren Street Protected 
Left-Turns
Install FYA to allow for protected left-turn phasing during 
daytime and FYA operations at night 
44
I-10/91st Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
45
I-10/99th Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
46
I-10/83rd Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to reduce 
queuing and improve progression between signals.
47
99th Avenue Traffic Signal Coordination
Improve signal phasing and coordination along 99th Avenue 
between Roosevelt Street and I-10.

49
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 30. Traffic Control Improvements

50
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Prioritization Methodology
After identifying potential solutions, the project team prioritized the solutions. To do this, the project team 
developed prioritization criteria based on input from the TAC and the public. Safety history, crash rate, crash 
frequency, and cost were determined to be the most important elements. The results of the prioritization evaluation 
of all potential solutions can be found in Appendix A.
Safety History
Safety history was determined using crash data of the area surrounding the proposed solution. Table 31 shows the 
breakdown of the safety criteria used for the evaluation.
Table 31. Safety History Criteria for Solution Evaluation
Criteria
Points
# of fatal crashes addressable by the proposed solution
5 per crash
# of serious injury crashes addressable by the proposed solution
3 per crash
Crash Rate
Crash rate was determined by dividing the number of crashes encompassed by a proposed solution by the annual 
average daily traffic (AADT). Table 32 shows the breakdown of the crash rate criteria used for the evaluation.
Table 32. Crash Rate Criteria for Solution Evaluation
Criteria
Points
Greater than 2.0
3
Between 1.5 – 2.0 
2
Between 1 – 1.5
1
Crash Frequency
Crash frequency was based on the number of crashes encompassed by a proposed solution each year. Table 33 
shows the breakdown of the crash frequency criteria used for the evaluation.
Table 33. Crash Frequency Criteria for Solution Evaluation
Criteria
Points
More than 100 crashes
3
50 – 100 crashes
2
25 – 50 crashes
1
Cost
Cost was determined based on planning-level cost estimates derived from aggregated unit costs for solution 
components. Table 34 shows the breakdown of the cost criteria used for the evaluation.
Table 34. Cost Criteria for Solution Evaluation
Criteria
Points
Planning-level cost estimate under $250,000
3
Planning-level cost estimate under $500,000
2
Planning-level cost estimate under $1,000,000
1

51
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Top Potential Solutions
Non-construction-related safety solutions include enforcement, education, safety studies, signal timing 
improvements, and regular maintenance. These solutions were prioritized using the criteria described in Tables 31 
through 34. These solutions are identified as programmed improvements and summarized in Table 35. 
Table 35. Top Non-Infrastructure Potential Solutions 
Non-Infrastructure Solution
Speed/DUI Enforcement: 83rd Avenue, Buckeye Road, 99th Avenue and 91st Avenue 
Uniform Speed Limit Establishment  Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue and 99th Avenue 
Signal Timing Plans (Freight Corridor): Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue, and 99th Avenue 
Freight Parking Restrictions: Buckeye Road, 83rd Avenue, and 99th Avenue 
Refresh Pavement Markings and Signs 83rd Avenue: Buckeye Road to I-10 
Interchange Signal Timing and Phasing Improvements: I-10/83rd Avenue, I-10/91st Avenue, and I-10/99th Avenue 
Road Safety Audit: 91st Avenue at Van Buren Street, 99th Avenue at Van Buren Road 
Safe Routes to School Studies for all Tolleson Schools
Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program 
Semi-Annual Road Safety Education Campaign Targeting Pedestrians, Bicyclists, and Motorcyclists
Driver Education – Annual High School Program 
Safe Pedestrian and Bicycle Education in Elementary Schools – Annual school program 
Table 36 shows the highest ranked preliminary potential solutions that require construction. These solutions are 
prioritized based on the evaluation criteria summarized in Tables 31 through 34. 
Table 36. Top Potential Infrastructure Solutions
Infrastructure Solution
Score
Buckeye Road, 107th Ave to 75th Ave – Traffic Signal Visibility Improvement
57
Buckeye Road – Medians and Access Management 
52
91st Avenue – Speed Feedback Signs and Improve Signing and Marking 
48
99th Avenue, I-10 to Van Buren Rd - Median and Access Management 
45
99th Avenue – Traffic Signal Visibility Improvement
43
Buckeye Road – Install FYA for Protected Left-Turn Phasing During Peak Hours 
37
99th Avenue between Pierce Street and Roosevelt Street – Median Fencing 
33
Buckeye Road, 107th Avenue to 91st Avenue – Construct Uniform Roadway Cross-Section 
and Reduce Scalloped Streets
29
107th Avenue – Install Flashing Speed Feedback Signs
27
Van Buren Street, 107th Avenue to 99th Avenue – Construct a Uniform Roadway Cross-
Section, Access Management, and Reduce Scalloped Streets 
27

52
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Project Recommendations
The project team conducted a field review of the top potential solutions, summarized in Table 36, and compiled 
them into implementable projects anticipated to have the highest impact on improving safety in Tolleson. These 
projects were prioritized using the criteria in Tables 31 through 34.  These recommendations are divided between 
projects within the City of Tolleson’s jurisdiction and projects outside of the City’s jurisdiction. Table 37 and Figure 
31 shows the recommended projects that encompass most of the top potential solutions, as well as some lower-
ranked solutions in the same vicinity.
Projects Within the City of Tolleson’s Jurisdiction
Infrastructure Projects 
Table 37. Prioritized List of Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson 
ID
Solution Name
Solution Description
Score
1
91st Avenue: Van Buren 
Road to I-10 Speed 
Management
Install flashing speed feedback signs and reduce signing and 
marking clutter near Van Buren Road 
Potential funding source: City CIP 
48
2
99th Avenue Freight 
Corridor Medians 
Installation 
Install medians along truck corridors
Potential funding source: SS4A Implementation Grant or HSIP 
45
3
99th Avenue Traffic 
Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side signal heads to 
improve traffic signal visibility
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety Funds 
43
4
99th Avenue: Midblock 
Crossing Mitigation
Van Buren Street and Roosevelt Street: Install raised medians 
and safety railings along the median to prevent mid-block 
crossing
Potential funding source: SS4A Implementation Grant or HSIP 
33
5
91st Avenue Street 
Lighting Improvements
Install streetlights at arterial/collector intersections
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Funds
25
6
99th Avenue FYA 
Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected left-turn 
phasing during peak hours
Potential funding source: HSIP 
22
7
99th Avenue Active 
Transportation 
Improvements
Install continuous sidewalk and/or multi-use paths to separate 
pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes
Potential funding source: TA funds 
21
8
99th Avenue/Van Buren 
Street Intersection 
Reconfiguration
Redesign the intersection to appropriate lane widths and turn 
radii to minimize crossing distance
Potential funding source: City CIP 
19
9
91st Avenue/Van Buren 
Street FYA 
Improvements 
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected left-turn 
phasing during peak hours 
Potential funding source: HSIP
17
10
91st Avenue Active 
Transportation Infill 
Improvements
Sidewalk gap infill from Buckeye Road to Van Buren Street, 2-
foot buffer lane between travel and bike lane
Potential funding source: TA Funds 
14
11
99th Avenue/Roosevelt 
Street Crossing 
Improvements
Install a pedestrian crosswalk at the south leg and remove the 
crosswalk at the north leg of the intersection
Potential funding source: City CIP 
1

53
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Figure 31. Prioritized Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson

54
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Non-Infrastructure Projects 
Table 38. Non-Infrastructure Projects for Tolleson 
Non-Construction Related Project
91st Avenue and 99th Avenue: Speed/DUI Enforcement (Quarterly)
Potential funding source: Governor’s Office of Highway Safety 
91st Avenue and 99th Avenue: Uniform Speed Limit Establishment 
Potential funding source: City CIP 
99th Avenue: Signal Timing Plans (review and revise every 3 years) 
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
99th Avenue Freight Parking Restrictions 
Potential funding source: City CIP/PD 
Road Safety Audit: 91st Avenue I-10 to Van Buren Street (to evaluate truck traffic flow along this road), 
and 99th Avenue at Van Buren Road Intersection
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Program 
Safe Routes to School Studies for all Tolleson Schools
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Program 
Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program
Potential Funding Source: City CIP 
Semi-Annual Road Safety Education Campaign targets: Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Motorcyclists.
Potential funding source: CIP/Public Relations//Governor’s Office of Highway Safety  
Driver Education – annual high school program 
Potential funding source: HSIP Education Funds/Governor’s Office of Highway Safety

55
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Projects Outside City of Tolleson Jurisdiction
Tables 39, 40, and 41 list the safety projects that Tolleson must coordinate with other jurisdictions to ensure the 
safety improvements are implemented.   
Table 39. Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue – 75th Avenue, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Phoenix 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Prioritization 
Score
Buckeye Road Freight Parking 
Restriction
Enforce no on-street freight parking
Potential funding source: Governor’s Office of 
Highway Safety 
60
Buckeye Road Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression 
with appropriate clearance intervals
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
60
Buckeye Road Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side 
signal heads to improve traffic signal visibility
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety 
Funds
57
Buckeye Road Freight Corridor 
Medians
Install medians along truck corridors
Potential funding source: CIP
52
Buckeye Road FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected 
left-turn phasing during peak hours
Potential funding source: HSIP
37
Buckeye Road Speed Enforcement
Implement uniform travel speed along the freight 
corridor
Potential funding source: Governor’s Office of 
Highway Safety
30
Buckeye Road Lane Reconfiguration
Uniform lane sizes and limit the number of lane 
drops
Potential funding source: CIP
29
Buckeye Road Lighting 
Improvements
Install streetlights along both sides of the roadway
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Funds
24
Buckeye Road Active Transportation 
Improvements
Install continuous sidewalks and/or multi-use 
paths on both sides of the roadway to separate 
pedestrian/bicyclist traffic from travel lanes.
Potential funding source: TA Funds
22
Table 40. The 107th Avenue: Van Buren Street – Buckeye Road, Lead Agencies: MCDOT and Avondale 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Prioritization 
Score
107th Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
Install flashing speed feedback signs
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety 
Funds
30
107th Avenue Lane Width 
Improvements
Design and implement uniform lane widths and 
continuous lanes (reduce scalloped streets)
Potential funding source: CIP
27
107th Avenue Traffic Signal Visibility 
Improvements
Install one signal head per lane and near-side 
signal heads to improve traffic signal visibility
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety 
Funds 
22

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
107th Avenue Access Management 
Improvements
Reduce and consolidate closely spaced 
driveways
Potential funding source: CIP
12
107th Avenue Freight Corridor 
Medians
Install median along the truck corridor
Potential funding source: CIP
11
107th Avenue Street Lighting 
Improvements
Install streetlights on both sides of the road
Potential funding source: MAG Safety Funds
10
107th Avenue FYA Improvements
Install flashing yellow arrows to allow for protected 
left-turn phasing during peak hours
Potential funding source: HSIP or MAG Safety 
Funds
7
107th Avenue Active Transportation 
Improvements
Install a bike lane and a sidewalk along both sides 
of the road. If possible, consider MUP on both 
sides of the road.
Potential funding source: TA Funds
3
107th Avenue Truck Signal Timing
Evaluate and implement traffic signal progression 
and truck-appropriate clearance intervals
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP
3
Table 41 The I-10 Intersections: Signal Timing Improvements. Lead Agency: ADOT 
Solution Name
Solution Description
Prioritization Score
99th Avenue/I-10 Eastbound On-
Ramp Intersection Improvements
Design and install an exclusive northbound right-
turn lane on 99th Avenue
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
10
I-10 at 99th Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
9
I-10 at 83rd Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
9
I-10 at 91st Avenue Signal Timing 
Improvements 
Improve signal phasing at the traffic interchange to 
reduce queueing and improve progression between 
signals
Potential funding source: MAG TSOP 
8

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Policy Recommendations 
As part of the SAP, the project team reviewed key documents and recommended changes to City’s policies and 
processes to promote improved traffic safety performance. Implementation of any potential policy and process 
changes will be at the discretion of the Town and may require additional engineering study. The potential policy 
and process changes are for consideration and further study and are not intended to establish City code or 
engineering standards.  
A summary of the recommended potential policy and process changes is subsequently provided. 
Tolleson, Arizona Code of Ordinances, Chapter 6 (Traffic)
The purpose of the Town code is to communicate enforceable ordinances enacted by the City’s elected officials. 
Chapter 6 of the code, titled “Traffic Code,” addresses duty of police, traffic control, parking, Trucks, abandoned 
vehicles, Impoundment of vehicles, and motorized play vehicles. A key goal in reviewing the City code was to 
identify provisions in the code that should be updated to be consistent with the most recent safety best practices.
The City should consider looking into updating safety rules related to the following sections:
Collision terminology 
Traffic safety studies
Purpose of traffic signals
Limitations on U-turns
Obedience to traffic signs
Vehicle operation on private property
Special event permit requirements
Blocking traffic
On-Street Parking Restrictions
The crash analysis found a large number of truck-related crashes involving parked vehicles. To expedite the 
process of eliminating on-street parking along arterials and collectors, it is recommended the City consider revising 
City Code Article 6-4-4, which can allow the Town Engineer or Traffic Engineer be given authority to approve 
parking restrictions rather than requiring Town Council approval.
Roadway Cross Sections
The City should implement its own set of General Plan Cross Sections. These would be dependent on the typical 
roadway functional classifications within Tolleson’s City limits, mainly including minor arterials, major and minor 
collectors.  Due to its similar urban nature, the City of Phoenix’s general cross sections are suggested templates 
that Tolleson may adopt and revise in producing its own set of standard cross-section drawings. Figure XX shows 
a general cross-section recommended for Tolleson’s arterials and collector roads 
Medians
Raised medians are highly desirable as they tend to control access and increase safety. It is recommended that 
Tolleson include in their general plan cross-section details of raised medians along corridors that are designated as 
truck routes. It is also highly desirable to adopt landscape medians for their traffic calming benefits. Median widths 
ranging between 5 and 24 ft are desirable, depending on the functional classification and roadway widths. 
Multi-Use Path
Multi-use paths are typically used to provide grade separation between the travel lanes and pedestrian and bicycle 
travel modes. The path should be a minimum of 12-feet wide. It is recommended that Tolleson include in their 
general plan cross-section details of raised medians along corridors that are designated as truck routes.
Bicycle Lane Identification and Regulation Standards
The City of Tolleson should consider various bicycle facilities depending on motor vehicle speed and volume on a 
given corridor. Figure 32 from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Bikeway Selection Guide provides 
guidance for how motor vehicle speed and volume should be taken into consideration when determining which 
bicycle facilities to use. The City should develop updated standards for bicycle lane markings and signage that are

58
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
based on the FHWA Bikeway Selection Guide and the latest American Association of State Highway and 
Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities.
Figure 32. FHWA Preferred Bikeway Type
Pavement Marking Guidelines
In addition to displaying cross sections, the City Pavement Marking Guidelines provide direction to contractors and 
developers about the appropriate use of pavement markings on projects within the City’s limits. The City could 
adopt and revise (if needed) the City of Avondale’s pavement marking guidelines. The City should consider looking 
into updating the following guidelines to be more consistent with best practices:
Pavement markers
Pavement marking width
Atypical lane line markings
Bike lane right-side edge line and Bike buffer 
Dual curb ramps
Unmarked pavement duration
Potential Additional Policies and Processes
The following additional policies and processes are suggested for potential further consideration by the City as they 
may provide potential safety benefits:
•
Sharing crash data (such as on an online dashboard)
•
Enforcement policies and processes on speeding, on-street trucking, DUI and red light running
•
Policies and processes on driver speed feedback signs
•
Establishing new neighborhood traffic calming practices
•
Project prioritization process in the Tolleson CIP that emphasizes safety
•
Supporting safety education campaigns and enforcement activities 
Improving Visibility Along Roadway Segments
The City of Tolleosn should develop infrastructure projects that improve visibility along roadway segments. Short-
term projects may include 3” retro-reflective tape on signal head, retro-reflective pavement markings and signing. 
The Long-term projects may include: 
•
Installation of one signal head per lane at signalized intersections, 
•
Review of each intersection near side signal depending on the truck traffic along the corridor,

59
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
•
The City should adopt City of Avondale’s street lighting standards to address the lighting requirement for 
arterials, collectors, intersections, shared use paths
Left-Turn Offsets
Left-turn offsets represent the lateral distance between the left 
edge of a left-turn lane and the right edge of the opposing left-
turn lane. If the right edge of the opposing left-turn lane is to 
the left of the left edge of the left-turn lane, the offset is defined 
as negative. Conversely, if it is to the right, the offset is 
positive. According to the MAG, a 2-foot positive offset 
provides unrestricted sight distance when the opposing left-
turn vehicle is a passenger car, and a 3.5-foot positive offset 
provides unrestricted sight distance when the opposing left-
turn vehicle is a truck1. It is recommended that the City provide 
a standard detail drawing as a separate document under the 
suggested Tolleson Uniform Standard Details resembling 
Figure 33 to communicate the desired left-turn offset. 
Additionally, a sample policy to be adopted under the 
Tolleson’s Code of Ordinances would be:
“When installing left-turn lanes or designing new intersections where left turning traffic must yield to on-coming 
traffic, provide a minimum of 3.5 feet of positive offset for opposing left-turn lanes, to ensure adequate sight 
distance for left-turning drivers.”
This policy could also be included as a note under the proposed general plan cross sections.
Access Management 
Access control is achieved through the regulation of public access rights to and from properties abutting the 
roadway facilities. Control is generally categorized as full control of access, partial control of access, and 
driveway/entrance regulations. The principal advantage of controlling access is the improvement of service and the 
reduction of crash frequency and severity. Access management calls for setting access policies for various types of 
roadways, keying designs to these policies, having the access policies incorporated into legislation, and having the 
legislation upheld in the courts.
It is recommended that the City create an Access Management section under the City of Tolleson, Arizona Code 
of Ordinances Chapter 6: Traffic Code that lists policies restricting access control along roadways within the City 
boundaries. These policies should be specific to access facilities such as driveways and frontage/access roads. 
The following criteria listed under the City of Phoenix Street Planning and Design Guidelines (2009), Chapter 8 
Section 1 and MCDOT Roadway Design Manual 1996 (Rev. 2024):are suggested to be added to the new Access 
Management section:
•
Driveways must be constructed to City standards under a permit issued by the Development Services 
Department. 
•
Existing, unused driveways must be replaced with curb, gutter and sidewalk built to City standards. 
•
A single parcel or contiguous parcels comprising one development should be limited to one driveway, 
unless traffic volume or street frontage warrants additional driveways. 
•
On major arterial and arterial streets, the sharing of driveways between adjacent properties and common 
ingress/egress easements are strongly encouraged. 
1 Source: Left Turn Crash Mitigation Implementation Template & Guidance, MAG, May 2018, Pg. 9
Figure 33. Minimum Positive Offset for New Left-
Turn Lanes Source: MAG Left Turn Crash 
Mitigation Implementation Template and 
Guidance (May 2019)

60
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
•
Existing driveways that are unnecessary or substandard should be removed or upgraded in conjunction 
with any new on-site or street construction.
•
On major arterial streets, large developments should consolidate major driveways at 1/4 or 1/8 mile 
locations and align them with driveways on the opposite side of the street. 
•
Driveways to corner lots should be located per the corner clearance requirements per the required 
roadway classification. 
•
Driveways are prohibited within the passenger waiting area of bus stops unless relocation of the facility is 
approved by Public Transit. Driveways should be located such that bus stop improvements are beyond 
the projection of driveway visibility triangles and drivers will be able to see around bus stop improvements, 
both existing and planned. Driveways are not to be located within the flat portion of the bus bay (bus 
standing area). 
•
Driveway connections should be placed at locations that facilitate the efficient entry and exit of vehicles to 
properties on both sides of a street and minimize conflicts with transit facilities, left turn pockets as well as 
traffic on the streets or neighboring properties. 
•
Driveways with access on arterial roads may be subject to future turning movement restrictions.2
•
Driveways connecting to arterial or major collector streets are to have adequate turnaround space on the 
private property or a circular driveway to eliminate backing onto the roadway.3
The City must account for variances by including a variance clause similar 
•
Exceptions may be made by the City of Tolleson Engineer where the application of these standards would 
create an undue hardship to the abutting property owners and good traffic management practice can be 
maintained.
Driveway Spacing
The City should adopt the driveway spacing is based on section 3.19 of Avondale’s General Engineering 
Requirements Manual (2018) the following is recommended:
•
The minimum distance driveway spacing should be based on the functional road classification; driveways 
should be spaced by minimum 250 ft in Arterial roads and 150 ft in Collector roads as illustrated by Table 
4242. A 50% factor may reduce the prior values if the driveways are right-in/right-out only. The designated 
minimum spacings applies to proposed site driveway separation and separation from existing driveways 
or planned driveways on adjacent parcels or across the street. Accordingly, new driveways shall align with 
existing driveways on the opposite side of the street on street lacking raised medians. The distance is 
measured from the nearest curb return (point of curvature) of either an intersecting street or nearby 
driveway. These would be provided under the suggested Tolleson set of Uniform Standard Details
2 Residential Paved Driveway - Information Required for Permit, MCDOT, August 2015
3 Residential Driveways Guidelines, MCDOT, June 2015, Pg. 1
Table 42. Minimum Driveway Spacing Source: Avondale General 
Engineering Requirements Manual (2018)

61
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Corner Clearance 
The City should consider adopting its own 
minimum corner clearance requirement 
thresholds to regulate access in their 
functionally classified arterial and collector 
roads. These would be provided under the 
suggested Tolleson set of Uniform 
Standard Details and would specify the 
minimum clear distances between the edge 
of the roadway and the edge of the 
driveway. Table 433 and Figure 34 are 
example excerpts thresholds taken from MCDOT’s Roadway Design Manual 1993 (Rev 2024) for arterial and 
collector roads corner clearances. Adopting standards following the templates below is recommended. 
Number of Driveways 
Reducing the number of driveways is a fundamental aspect in access management as it reduces congestion and 
the likelihood of crashes by reducing the number of access points that inhibit the continuous flow of traffic in 
through lanes. Unless justified by a traffic impact analysis, at least one driveway is recommended per abutting 
street. An additional driveway may be incorporated in sites with continuous frontage of at least 300 feet and two 
additional driveways (total of three) may be incorporated for sites with a total frontage of no less than 600 feet. A 
fourth driveway may be added in a site with a total frontage exceeding 600 feet, if the driveway is designed to be 
unlikely used by customers of any businesses on site4. These would be provided under the suggested Tolleson set 
of Uniform Standard Details
Signal Timing Parameters
It is recommended that the City of Tolleson develops its own Clearance and Change Interval standard to potentially 
encourage agents actively performing public works construction within Tolleson’s ordinance to adhere to a set of 
uniform standards. As a result, this would simplify the review process by Tolleson’s engineering department and 
facilitate the accountability of agents who deviate from the City’s specific procedure. Tolleson currently follows the 
4 General Engineering Requirements, City of Avondale, 2018, Pg. 3-54 Section 3.19.2
Table 43. Minimum Corner Clearances (Signalized Intersections) 
Source: MCDOT Roadway Design Manual (2024)
Figure 34. Minimum Corder Clearance (Signalized Intersections) Source: MCDOT Roadway Design 
Manual (2024)

62
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
City of Phoenix Clearance and Change Interval SOP (August 2023) which represents a template that can be 
utilized to produce their own standard policies and procedures.
The following policy must be adopted in conjunction with the suggested Clearance and Change Internal standard 
document:
“A traffic signal clearance analysis shall be performed for all traffic signal projects (new signals and existing signal 
modifications) in Tolleson. The analysis shall be submitted with the submittal of traffic signal plans in the form of a 
letter or memorandum and shall be sealed by a professional engineer registered in the state of Arizona”

63
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Implementation
The RSAP establishes the goal of a 20 percent reduction in fatal and serious injury crashes by 2030 and an 
eventual goal of eliminating fatal and serious injury crashes on City roadways. To accomplish these goals, the plan 
must be implemented in a deliberate way. Successful plan implementation will rely on committed leadership from 
the City of Tolleson.
Next Steps
Short-Term (0-2 Years)
The City should focus short-term efforts on low-cost recommendations that can be implemented quickly. These 
recommendations include:
1.
Implementing operational improvements mentioned earlier in the RSAP:
•
91st Avenue and 99th Avenue: Speed/DUI Enforcement (Quarterly)
•
91st Avenue flashing speed feedback signs, pavement marking, and sign management 
•
83rd Avenue refresh pavement markings
•
Uniform Speed Limit Establishment on 83rd Avenue, 91st Avenue, 99th Avenue and Buckeye Road 
•
Signal Timing Plans (Review and revision every 3 years) on 99th Avenue, Buckeye Road, and 83rd 
Avenue 
•
Freight Parking Restrictions on 83rd Avenue, 99th Avenue and Buckeye Road 
•
Enhance Signal Visibility using 3” retro reflective tape, citywide signals, including 83rd Avenue, 
Buckeye Road, and 107th Avenue
2.
Creating educational campaigns and programs to increase awareness of traffic safety:
•
Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program 
•
Semi-Annual Road Safety Education Campaign targets: Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Motorcyclists.
•
Driver Education – annual high school program 
•
Good pedestrian and bicycle education – annual program for elementary schools 
3.
Conduct location-specific studies:
•
Safe Routes to School Studies for all Tolleson Schools
•
Road Safety Audit: 91st Avenue at Van Buren Street 
Medium-Term (2-8 Years)
The City should focus its medium-term efforts on infrastructure projects within its jurisdiction. These 
recommendations include:
1.
91st Avenue improvements:
•
91st Avenue Speed Feedback Signs and reduce signing and marking clutter
•
91st Avenue Street Lighting Improvements
•
91st Avenue/Van Buren Street Protected Left-Turns
•
91st Avenue Active Transportation Infill Improvements
2.
99th Avenue improvements:
•
99th Avenue Medians
•
99th Avenue: Midblock Crossing Mitigation
•
99th Avenue FYA Improvements
•
99th Avenue Active Transportation Improvements
•
99th Avenue/Van Buren Street Intersection Reconfiguration
•
99th Avenue/Roosevelt Street Crossing Improvements
3.
I-10 Intersections

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Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
•
I-10/99th Avenue Signal Timing Improvements
•
I-10/83rd Avenue Signal Timing Improvements
•
I-10/91st Avenue Signal Timing Improvements 
Long-Term (8+ Years)
The City should focus its long-term efforts on infrastructure projects outside its jurisdiction. These projects include:
1.
Buckeye Road: 107th Avenue – 75th Avenue
•
Buckeye Road Medians
•
Buckeye Road FYA Improvements
•
Buckeye Road Lane Reconfiguration
•
Buckeye Road Lighting Improvements
•
Buckeye Road Active Transportation Improvements
2.
107th Avenue: Van Buren Street – Buckeye Road
•
107th Avenue Speed Feedback Signs
•
107th Avenue Lane Width Improvements
•
107th Avenue Medians
•
107th Avenue Street Lighting Improvements
•
107th Avenue FYA Improvements
•
107th Avenue Active Transportation Improvements
3.
I-10 Intersections
•
99th Avenue/I-10 Eastbound On-Ramp Intersection Improvements
Add Projects to City Capital Improvement Plan
The City should place the recommended projects in its CIP to coordinate the timing and financing of 
projects. Additionally, more detailed studies may be needed to refine project recommendations. If funding 
is not available to implement all projects, the City should consider implementing individual solutions within 
projects, with a focus on higher-ranked solutions, until funding can be secured for all project components.
Apply for Grant Funding
SS4A Implementation grants provide federal funding to implement projects and strategies identified in an 
RSAP to address roadway safety issues. The City should apply for an SS4A Implementation grant to 
construct the projects recommended within the RSAP, particularly the higher-cost projects. The City 
should also consider federal grants such as the HSIP, SRTS, and TA funds, and state and regional funds 
and grants, to implement the rest of the projects.
Conduct Monitoring and Evaluation
On an annual basis, the City should review the most recent year’s crash data, comparing it to trends from 
prior years as well as the RSAP goal of reducing fatal and serious injury crashes by 20% by 2030. 
Before-and-after studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of implemented safety 
improvements. The Tolleson Safety Committee should communicate safety performance evaluation 
findings to City leadership and the general public, either by updating the crash dashboard created for the 
RSAP or by posting the information on the City’s website.

65
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Appendices

66
Tolleson Road Safety Action Plan
Appendices
Appendix A. Solution Prioritization Evaluation