01. CPA2023014 PZ Report

Maricopa County — Planning & Zoning (2023-11-16)

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CPA2023014 
Page 1 of 6 
 
 
Report to the Planning and Zoning Commission 
Prepared by the Maricopa County Planning and Development Department 
 
 
Case: 
CPA2023014 – White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan 
 
 
 
 
Hearing Date: 
November 16, 2023 
 
Supervisor Districts: 
4 & 5  
 
 
  
 
Applicant: 
Staff-Initiated  
 
Request: 
Approval of the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan  
 
  
 
Site Location: 
General area plan boundaries: Yavapai-Maricopa County Line (north), I-10 
and Yuma Rd. (south), 99th Ave and Loop 101 (east), and Vulture Mine Rd. 
(west)  
 
  
Site Size: 
Approx. 727 sq. mi. 
 
Recommendation: 
Approve

CPA2023014 
Page 2 of 6 
Overview: 
 
1. 
In 2016 the Board of Supervisors (Board) adopted the Maricopa County Vision 2030 
Comprehensive Plan which serves as the comprehensive plan for the entire unincorporated 
territories of the County.  The comprehensive plan addresses state statute requirements and 
implements core principles and strategic priorities to assist decision-makers in making decisions 
about land use and the overall long term development patterns in the county. Vision 2030 also 
contains various sub-area plans which address the unique needs of specific areas within 
unincorporated Maricopa County.   Planning staff periodically analyzes these long-range area 
plans to ensure they accurately reflect the regions they serve. The most recent adoption occurred 
in 2019 when the Board adopted a revised Daisy Mountain New River Area Plan to amend and 
replace the existing New River Area Plan.  The White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan has undergone 
a similar analysis and update process, which is the subject of this staff report. Staff is 
recommending that the Commission recommend approval of the updated White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan based on the process and results outlined herein.   
 
2. 
While the existing White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan is still relevant in many ways, many things 
have changed since its adoption in 2000 that necessitate an update.  First, vast portions of 
unincorporated county territory within the plan have since been annexed into municipalities such 
as Surprise, Peoria and Buckeye among others.  Second, rapid growth is expected to continue due 
to major industrial and residential developments, particularly in the Grand Avenue region and in 
areas near the Loop 303. Lastly, an update to the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan will conform 
to the currently adopted Comprehensive Plan principles and land use designations. 
 
3. 
As noted, the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan is a sub-area plan of the Comprehensive Plan, 
and as such includes the same elements (i.e. planning-related topics): 
 
• 
Land Use – ARS requires a land use element that plans for a variety of land uses.  The land 
use plan is required to include a map and categories for land uses with defined densities and 
intensities.  In addition, the land use element is required to specify programs and policies for 
compact form development, consider air quality and access to solar energy, and policies to 
address a broad variety of land uses. Lastly, the element is required to identify aggregate 
sources and policies to preserve aggregates and policies to avoid incompatible land uses in 
proximity to aggregate sources. 
 
• 
Transportation – ARS requires a transportation element that plans for the general location 
and extent of freeways, streets and multimodal transportation. 
 
• 
Environment – ARS requires an environmental element that contains analysis, policies and 
strategies to address any effects of plan elements on air quality, water quality and natural 
resources. 
 
• 
Economic Growth – An economic growth element is not required by ARS and is an optional 
element within the Comprehensive Plan.  This element is included for consistency with the 
Comprehensive Plan.  Included in the element are economic analysis, projections, goals and 
policies to promote economic growth. 
 
• 
Growth Areas – ARS requires a growth areas element that specifically identifies growth areas 
and whether those areas are suitable for transportation and infrastructure improvements 
designed to support a mix of uses. The growth areas element also must include policies and 
implementation strategies to make transportation more efficient, make infrastructure 
expansion more economical and to conserve natural resources.  The growth areas element 
coordinates infrastructure funding with development activity.

CPA2023014 
Page 3 of 6 
• 
Open Space – ARS requires an open space element that plans for acquisition and preservation 
of open space including an inventory of areas, recreation resources and access points to said 
resources. The open space element also includes policies and implementation strategies to 
promote a regional system of integrated open spaces and recreation resources. 
 
• 
Water Resources – ARS requires a water resources element that inventories available surface 
water, groundwater and effluent supplies.  The element is also required to project and analyze 
the demand for water generated by future growth and how the water supplies will serve the 
future growth. 
 
• 
Energy – ARS requires an energy element that encourages and provides incentives for 
efficient use of energy.  The element also identifies policies and practices for greater use of 
renewable energy. 
 
• 
Cost of Development – ARS requires a cost of development element to identify policies and 
strategies the county will use to require private development to pay its fair share toward the 
cost of infrastructure and facility needs generated by new development.   
 
4. 
In addition to each element, the updated area plan includes an executive summary for quick 
reading, guiding principles and strategic priorities, an overview of existing conditions, goals and 
policies for each element, and a summary of the significant public outreach program that shaped 
this plan.  
 
5. 
Given length of time since the last update there are significant and meaningful changes from the 
previous plan. Some of the more notable changes include: 
 
• 
A 22% reduction in the size of the planning area mainly due to annexations by the Cities of 
Surprise, Peoria and Buckeye; 
• 
Redesignating existing land uses to those currently found in the Comprehensive Plan. This is 
especially important because area plan land uses must conform to the land use designations, 
terminology, and definitions within the Comprehensive Plan;  
• 
Expanding the planning area boundary northwest to Vulture Mine Road and identifying new 
growth areas to plan for future near-term growth (approximately 10-year timeframe). Areas 
that are not identified as growth areas are expected to continue the generally rural, low-density 
land use pattern that currently exists.    
 
6. 
Through extensive public outreach, participants identified several important strategic priorities 
that not only shape the goals and policies in this plan, but also guide decisions regarding future 
growth. These principles include: 
 
• 
Improve congested and unsafe intersections; 
• 
Protect scenic corridors, views and open spaces; 
• 
Limit light pollution to protect dark skies; 
• 
Discourage development that is incompatible with Luke Air Force Base’s mission and 
operations; and, 
• 
Ensure that development in the County has the appropriate and necessary level of services 
for water, wastewater, and public safety.

CPA2023014 
Page 4 of 6 
Public Participation 
 
7. 
To reach as many citizens, organizations, and other stakeholders as possible, staff and the 
project team created a citizen’s participation program. The following is a brief summary of the 
outreach efforts: 
 
• 
The project team conducted four community meetings between July and October of 2023 to 
identify the issues and concerns of area residents. These community meetings were well 
attended as over 145 attendees across meetings had an opportunity to share their thoughts 
and ideas.  The first virtual-format meeting introduced the area plan update to attendees. The 
project team held its second meeting in-person at the Palm Ridge Recreation Center in Sun 
City West, and its the third meeting in-person at the Morristown Elementary School to meet 
with rural residents.  A fourth and final community workshop was held in October to seek final 
input and changes to the draft plan. To help ensure effective participation staff used various 
formats for the meetings, including presentations, open Q&A and live interactive “Menti” polls. 
In addition, staff created an email list of 300 individuals and organizations who were notified 
of the workshops, and of ways to participate in the process.  
 
• 
The project team also convened a Plan Advisory Committee (PAC) that consisted of area 
stakeholder representatives including Commissioner Hernandez, staff from Luke Air Force 
Base, various State and local governments, and the Homebuilders’ Association, among 
others. These meetings supported and informed the development of the plan, particularly in 
regard to the strategic priorities.  
 
• 
In addition to the community and PAC meetings, the project team invited select individuals to 
participate in one-on-one interviews with contributing partners such as the Toyota Proving 
Grounds, CAP, local governments, State Land Department, and others.  These interviews 
assisted the team in identifying more precise land use needs and input on the direction of the 
plan.   
 
• 
Information about community workshops, ways to participate in plan preparation, and the 
draft plan were posted on the Planning and Development Department’s webpage for public 
viewing. The draft plan was commented on directly through a web platform called “Konveio”. 
This website was updated periodically as new information became available to ensure 
relevance, accuracy, and reflect community needs. Staff noticed the distribution list when the 
draft plan was added to the website. 
 
Issues & Strategies 
 
8. 
Significant public outreach efforts allowed stakeholders to identify issues that are important to 
their community, and to help develop policies that address those issues. While not all-inclusive, 
the following is a brief overview of the most frequently identified issues, as well as strategies in 
the plan to help address them.  
 
• 
Issue: Growth and Development 
 
Stakeholders expressed a desire to maintain low-density, rural residential land use patterns while 
understanding that the area is anticipated to grow. Participants are also concerned about 
continuous and rapid annexation by surrounding communities.  Policies and strategies to address 
these concerns include maintaining land use transitions in urban/rural interface areas and open

CPA2023014 
Page 5 of 6 
space land use buffers to more intense uses, and only supporting urban development when 
necessary services and infrastructure are immediately available.  
 
• 
Issue – Water Availability 
 
Water availability continues to be a significant concern for much of the planning area. In June, 
the State announced that the Arizona Department of Water Resources would no longer issue 
certificates of assured water supply within the Active Management Area (AMA) to new 
subdivisions and that those developments would need to seek out an existing designated 
provider of water (i.e. a city).  This announcement, at least temporarily, has slowed new residential 
development, unless and/or until further guidance is received.  Maricopa County has limited 
authority or ability to assist in this issue, however the draft plan does encourage residents to 
integrate low impact development (LID) techniques into the design of homes and landscaping, 
and encourages efforts by the Arizona Department of Water Resources to continuously monitor 
and evaluate groundwater supplies.  
 
• 
Issue – Traffic Congestion/Collisions 
 
Numerous stakeholders reported concern with the level of traffic congestion occurring along 
Grand Avenue, particularly at Bell Road.  Likewise, congestion is also seen at Loop 303 and Grand 
Avenue.  While this plan does not address specific transportation concerns in great detail, the 
Maricopa Association of Governments and the Maricopa County Department of Transportation 
have transportation plans which do have scheduled corridor and congestion improvements based 
on funding availability. Also, the plan notes the long-term implications a future Interstate 11 
corridor - which traverses the western portion of the planning area - may have on growth and 
development. 
 
• 
Issue – Compatibility with Luke Air Force Base (LAFB) and Auxiliary Base #1 
 
Stakeholders felt that compatible development near LAFB and the Auxiliary Airfield #1 are 
important and should respect and protect its mission and operations. This is especially important 
within the high noise and accident potential zones (HNAPZs) of the airfields.    New residential 
development is not permitted within the HNAPZ per State law,  Also, when residential 
development is proposed within the ‘Territory in the Vicinity’ of the base, this plan recognizes the 
'Graduated Density Concept’ which outlines appropriate residential densities based on distance 
from the base.  Density increases the further away a development is from the base.  Staff 
monitors new development proposals in these areas and works with the LAFB to provide concise 
information to the development community. 
 
• 
Issue – Open Space 
 
Stakeholders agreed that open space should be protected and maintained where feasible.  The 
White Tank Grand Avenue area is home to the spectacular 29,557-acre White Tank Mountain 
Regional Park with abundant scenery, wildlife, and amenities. This park also holds numerous trails 
which are part of the larger Maricopa Trail System – a county-wide trail system spanning 315 
miles.  The park is cherished by residents as are other open spaces such as the Vulture Mountain 
Recreation Area and the Hassyampa River Preserve.  This plan identifies several strategies to 
promote open space including park programming, reinvestment, continuing partnerships and 
connecting open space in subdivisions to public open space.  The plan also outlines conservation 
opportunity areas and wildlife trail linkages.

CPA2023014 
Page 6 of 6 
Staff Analysis 
 
9. 
It is a time of rapid change in Maricopa County.  In the year 2000, the planning area was a slower 
and quieter place, and still much more rural.  Over the last two decades, growth in the county 
began shifting from East Valley communities like Chandler and Gilbert to West Valley 
communities like Buckeye and Surprise.  With such rapid change, the county found it prudent to 
review the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan to address the related issues and impacts.  The 
White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan update addresses many issues that will help shape growth 
and development in the years to come. 
 
10. 
Staff feels that the project team conducted an efficient and quality public outreach process.  
Through community meetings, stakeholder interviews, email communications, a dedicated 
website, and broad dissemination of information the project team made stakeholder input a high 
priority.  Staff believes that citizens felt heard during the process and that their views are well 
represented by the goals and policies of this draft plan.  
 
11. 
The White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan update wisely balances future growth with the vision, 
wants and needs of the area’s citizens.  The goals and policies within each element represent 
practical guidance to decision-makers which can be used to make sound future land use 
decisions.  Designed to be flexible, the updated plan addresses inevitable growth while also 
representing existing lifestyles.  Lastly, the update will conform with Vision 2030 which allows for 
both plans to cohesively serve county needs.    
 
Recommendation 
 
12. 
Staff recommends the Commission adopt a motion to recommend approval of case 
CPA2023014 for the reasons outlined in this report. 
 
Presented by:  
Adam Cannon, AICP, Senior Planner   
Reviewed by: 
Darren Gerard, AICP, Planning Division Manager 
 
Enclosure: 
Final Draft, White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan (120 pages) 
 
Public Correspondence (105 pages)

White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan
Final Hearing Draft
11.07.23

iii
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
Clint Hickman, Chairman (District 4)
Jack Sellers, Vice-Chairman (District 1)
Thomas Galvin (District 2)
Bill Gates (District 3)
Steve Gallardo (District 5)
PLANNING AND ZONING 
COMMISSION
Lucas Schlosser, Chairman (District 4)
Spike Lawrence (District 1)
Jimmy Lindblom (District 1)
Greg Arnett (District 2)
Jay Swart (District 2)
Lily Landolt (District 3)
Erik Hernandez (District 4)	
Francisca Montoya (District 5)
Kevin Danzeisen (District 5)
PLAN ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Erik Hernandez, P&Z Commission
Pam Schwartz, Sun City
Wilburn Edgar Meador Jr., Sun City West
Jenn Rahn, LAFB Community Initiatives Team	
Spencer Kamps, Homebuilder’s Association
Jim Bloom, APS
Lisa Atkins, Former ASLD Commissioner
Bill Lally, Tiffany & Bosco, PA
Angela Macaluso, MCDOT	
Lynndsay O’Neill, FCDMC	
RJ Cardin, MCPRD
Brian Stutsman, MCSO
CONSULTANTS
Logan Simpson
Kimley-Horn
Elliot D. Pollack & Associates
Preparation of the 2023 White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan was made possible through 
the collaborative effort of many public and private stakeholders. Maricopa County 
extends its appreciation to all who participated in the process.
OUTREACH INTERVIEWS
Luke Air Force Base (LAFB)
Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD)
Arizona State Land Department (ASLD)
Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office (MCSO)
City of Buckeye, City of Surprise, City of Peoria, 
and Town of Wickenburg
Central Arizona Project
Home Builders Association of Central Arizona (HBACA)
Toyota Proving Grounds Representatives, Nick Wood 
and Noel Griemsmann, Snell & Wilmer
Joseph D. Liberty, Liberty Southwest Realty, LLC
MANAGEMENT
Jen Pokorski, AICP, CFM, County Manager
Darcy Kober, Assistant County Manager
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 
Tom Ellsworth, AICP, Planning and Development 
Director
Darren Gérard, AICP, Planning Manager
Matt Holm, AICP, Planning Supervisor
Adam Cannon, AICP, Senior Planner (Plan Project 
Manager)
COMMUNICATIONS OFFICE

Fields Moseley, Communications Director
Jason Berry, Deputy Communications Director
Elizabeth Curran, Web and Creative Services Manager

1.	 OVERVIEW������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������VI
	»
PURPOSE & PROCESS����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������2
	»
CORE PRINCIPLES & STRATEGIES��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5
	»
REGIONAL & LOCAL CONTEXT��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6
	»
HISTORY OF THE AREA������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������10
2.	 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14
3.	 PLAN ELEMENTS���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������24
	»
LAND USE ELEMENT���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������27
	»
TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������37
	»
ENVIRONMENT ELEMENT�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������44
	»
GROWTH AREAS ELEMENT����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������54
	»
ECONOMIC GROWTH ELEMENT���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������62
	»
OPEN SPACE ELEMENT�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������66
	»
WATER RESOURCES ELEMENT����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������75
	»
ENERGY, UTILITIES, & PUBLIC FACILITIES ELEMENT�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������82
	»
COST OF DEVELOPMENT ELEMENT��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������88
4.	 APPENDICES��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������92
	»
APPENDIX A:  2000 WTGA LAND USES���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������94
	»
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������95
	»
APPENDIX C:  DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLANS (DMPS)���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������106
	»
APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������108
TABLE OF 
CONTENTS
iv

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
LIST OF FIGURES
	»
FIGURE 1. COUNTY DOCUMENT RELATIONSHIPS.................................................................................................................................................2
	»
FIGURE 2. ADVISORY & REGULATORY DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................................................................3
	»
FIGURE 3. PLANNING PROCESS..............................................................................................................................................................................4
	»
FIGURE 4. REGIONAL CONTEXT..............................................................................................................................................................................6
	»
FIGURE 5. PLANNING AREA....................................................................................................................................................................................7
	»
FIGURE 6. MUNICIPAL PLANNING AREAS...............................................................................................................................................................9
	»
FIGURE 7. PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE........................................................................................................................................12
	»
FIGURE 8. LAND OWNERSHIP................................................................................................................................................................................29
	»
FIGURE 9. FUTURE LAND USES............................................................................................................................................................................32
	»
FIGURE 10. FUTURE LAND USE MAP - NORTHERN SECTION............................................................................................................................33
	»
FIGURE 11. FUTURE LAND USE MAP - SOUTHERN SECTION..............................................................................................................................34
	»
FIGURE 12. FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION.........................................................................................................................................................38
	»
FIGURE 13. MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION....................................................................................................................................................39
	»
FIGURE 14. FORECASTED 2050 TRAFFIC CONGESTION (MAG)..........................................................................................................................40
	»
FIGURE 15. FUTURE TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENTS................................................................................................................................41
	»
FIGURE 16. ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES...........................................................................................................................................................52
	»
FIGURE 17. POTENTIAL GROWTH AREA A...........................................................................................................................................................57
	»
FIGURE 18. POTENTIAL GROWTH AREA B...........................................................................................................................................................58
	»
FIGURE 19. PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH................................................................................................................................................59
	»
FIGURE 20. PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT GROWTH.............................................................................................................................................60
	»
FIGURE 21. WILDLIFE CONNECTIVITY..................................................................................................................................................................69
	»
FIGURE 22. CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITY AREA............................................................................................................................................70
	»
FIGURE 23. OPEN SPACE NETWORK....................................................................................................................................................................73
	»
FIGURE 24. WATER AND SEWER SERVICE AREA................................................................................................................................................77
	»
FIGURE 25. FORECASTED CHANGE IN WATER USAGE.......................................................................................................................................80
	»
FIGURE 26. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND UTILITIES..................................................................................................................................................84
	»
FIGURE 27. FUTURE UTILITY AND FACILITY NEEDS...........................................................................................................................................86

vi	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
CHAPTER 1
Overview
	» Purpose & Process
	» Core Principles & Strategic Priorities
	» Regional & Local Context 
	» History of the Area

1
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
The updated WTGA Area Plan 
will guide decision making to 
accommodate future growth, 
protect quality of life, and advance 
economic prosperity for current 
and future generations.

2	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
PURPOSE & PROCESS
A county area plan serves as a decision-making 
guide, aiding County staff, residents, and prospective 
developers. It also provides guidance for the County 
Planning and Zoning Commission and the County Board 
of Supervisors for growth and development.
A county area plan is part of the Maricopa County 
Comprehensive Plan. Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS) § 
11-804 states that “a comprehensive plan shall be made 
with the general purpose of guiding and accomplishing 
a coordinated, adjusted and harmonious development 
of the area of jurisdiction pursuant to the present and 
future needs of the county.” The comprehensive plan 
describes area plans to be “small-scale plans that 
account for unique conditions and needs of specific 
parts of the county.” In essence, an area plan will 
mirror the format of a comprehensive plan by including 
elements, goals, policies, a future land use map, and be 
updated as necessary to support the comprehensive 
plan. Figure 1 below illustrates how the comprehensive 
plan relates to area plans and other County documents.
Since the adoption of the White Tank Grand Avenue Area 
Plan (WTGA Area Plan) over 20 years ago, the region has 
experienced significant growth. The updated WTGA 
Area Plan will guide decision-making to accommodate 
future growth, protect quality of life and advance 
economic prosperity for current and future generations. 
An area plan does not change existing zoning. Any 
proposed zoning changes must conform to the adopted 
Figure 1.	 County Document Relationships 
Other Maricopa County Plan, 
Ordinances, Regulations:
Department of Transportation 
Flood Control District 
Environmental Services
County Area Plans
Scenic Corridor & 
Special Studies
Ordinances, Regulations & 
Guidelines:
Zoning Ordinance
Subdivision Regulations 
Public Participation
Capital 
Improvement 
Program
County 
Budget
Maricopa County Mission, Vision, Strategic Priorities 
Broad Policy 
Specific Implementation Strategies 
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN

3
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
comprehensive plan and area plan. Figure 2 below 
illustrates the differences between policy documents, 
such as comprehensive and area plans, and regulatory 
documents, including the zoning ordinance, subdivision 
regulations, and the building code. Neither County 
policy nor regulatory documents govern incorporated 
lands within the WTGA Area Plan.
Figure 2.	Advisory & Regulatory Documents 
State 
Statutes
Building Code
Comp Plan
Required / Regulatory
Advisory / Policy
Advisory / Policy
Required / Regulatory
Required / Regulatory
Area Specific
Plans
Subdivision
Regulations
Zoning 
Ordinance
Purpose
The purpose of the WTGA Area Plan is to:
	»
Fulfill requirements of Arizona State law.
	»
Implement Maricopa County’s Mission, Vision, and Strategic Priorities. 
	»
Assist Maricopa County Leadership in making informed decisions to:
•	 Protect public health, public safety, and the environment
•	 Ensure responsible growth
•	 Promote quality communities
•	 Allocate limited financial resources
•	 Link complex and interrelated issues
•	 Build community consensus
•	 Reflect resident desires for their community
	»
Identify existing conditions, current issues, and strategies.

4	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
Planning Process
The 
process 
to 
update 
the 
WTGA 
Area 
Plan 
started with a project kickoff meeting in Spring 
2023. Four main phases of the process included: 
1) Existing Conditions, 2) Community Engagement, 3) 
Drafting the Plan, and 4) Finalizing the Plan.
Figure 3.	Planning Process
 
 
 
Internal Document only – 5/25/23 
 
 
 
 
Executive Summary 
(Full report available upon request) 
7/13/23 
Cover photos of the Community 
Participation Plan and the 
Existing Condition Report.

5
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
CORE PRINCIPLES & STRATEGIES
The County’s Comprehensive Plan contains the following three core principles:

The WTGA Area Plan embraces these County-wide core principles throughout the document and articulates 
the following five strategic priorities specific to the WTGA planning area. Resident input, received through 
public meetings, questionnaires, and meetings with interest groups provided the basis for the strategic 
priorities shown below.
Strategic Priority 1: Improve congested and 
unsafe intersections.
Land use decisions should further mitigate traffic 
safety or congestion issues, and the County should 
coordinate with Arizona Department of Transportation 
(ADOT) to improve problem intersections.
Strategic Priority 2: Protect scenic corridors, 
views, and open spaces.
Land use decisions should analyze impacts on key 
corridors and natural assets and make every effort to 
preserve and protect each one.
Strategic Priority 3: Limit light pollution to 
protect dark skies.
Design new lighting and modify existing lighting during 
development to meet dark sky requirements.
Strategic Priority 4: Discourage development 
that is incompatible with Luke Air Force 
Base’s (LAFB) mission and operations.
New development in and around the high noise and 
accident potential zones (HNAPZs) of LAFB and LAFB 
Auxiliary Airfield #1 should be compatible with the 
designated mission and operation of each facility.
Strategic Priority 5: Ensure that development 
in the County has the appropriate services 
for water, wastewater, education, and public 
safety.
Land use decisions should analyze the impacts on 
service levels and infrastructure for the benefit of 
existing and future residents. Development that has 
more intense service or infrastructure needs should be 
encouraged to develop in cities and towns where the 
provision levels are higher and more commensurate to 
the needs of urban development.
Strategic Priorities
1.	 Decisions should support implementation of Maricopa County’s mission 
statement and strategic priorities. 
2.	Maintain a disciplined approach where comprehensive plan policies and 
growth-related decisions are understandable, measurable, consistent, 
practical, and promote efficiency.  Land use decisions are also based on 
these factors. 
3.	Avoid future problems by carefully considering past decisions.

6	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
REGIONAL & LOCAL CONTEXT
The WTGA Area Plan is approximately 727 sq. miles, 
or 465,114 acres, and is located northwest of the City 
of Phoenix along Maricopa County’s northern border, 
which abuts Yavapai County. The WTGA Area Plan 
comprises approximately 8% of Maricopa County and 
drove population growth in the region over the past 
two decades. The boundary follows a combination of 
municipal borders and roads, resulting in the orange 
area depicted in the map below.
2023 WTGA Planning Area
The WTGA planning area shown in Figure 5 on page 7 
underwent notable changes since the last adoption 
on December 6, 2000. The region’s rapid growth 
and development resulted in numerous municipal 
annexations of unincorporated Maricopa County by 
cities, such as Buckeye, Goodyear, and Peoria. As a 
result, the updated WTGA planning area shifted to 
remove some areas that are now under local jurisdiction. 
In addition, the boundary shifted westward to the border 
of Vulture Mine Road for the County to better plan for 
future growth to the northwest along the US Route 60 
corridor. The southern boundary was kept intact to 
account for inclusion of the High Noise and Accident 
Potential Zones (HNAPZs) surrounding both Luke Air 
Force Base (LAFB) and Luke Auxiliary Airfield #1. The 
existing WTGA planning area boundary has an area 
of 759 sq. miles or 485,760 acres, while the proposed 
boundary will decrease to 727 sq. miles or 465,114 acres.
Located to the northwest of Phoenix, the WTGA planning area makes up 8% of Maricopa County’s land 
area, which is 9,225 sq. miles. The WTGA planning area for the update is bounded by the Maricopa/
Yavapai County line to the north; South Vulture Mine Road and the City of Buckeye to the west; Sun City, 
Sun City West, and City of Peoria to the east; and White Tank Regional Park/I-10 to the south.
727 
sq. miles 465,114 
acres
Figure 4.	Regional Context

7
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 5.	Planning Area

8	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
Municipal Planning Areas (MPAs) within 
the WTGA Area Plan
Municipal Planning Areas (MPAs), shown in Figure 6 
on page 9, extend across most of the WTGA planning 
area excluding the developments of Sun City, Sun 
City West, and a western portion of the planning area 
north of Buckeye. Local jurisdictions often have long 
term annexation plans for the unincorporated areas 
within their MPAs.  While the local jurisdictions do not 
have regulatory authority outside of their municipal 
boundaries, this map highlights the importance of 
collaboration between Maricopa County and the local 
communities within the WTGA planning area. Municipal 
logos of some of the larger jurisdictional coverages are 
shown on the left. 
Surprise Town Center, Shutterstock

9
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 6.	Municipal Planning Areas

10	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
HISTORY OF THE AREA
Maricopa County was established in 1887, followed 
by the founding and incorporation of cities and towns 
across the region through the late 1800s to mid-1900s. 
A plan for the WTGA planning area was not established 
until 1982 with the adoption of the White Tank/Agua 
Fria Policy and Development Guide along with the 
Grand Avenue Corridor Land Use Plan in 1992. The first 
comprehensive plan for the County, Eye to the Future 
2020, was adopted in 1997 and helped lay a foundation 
for continued growth in the region. The Countywide 
comprehensive plan also led to the adoption of the 
first consolidated sub area plan for the WTGA Area. 
The WTGA Area Plan will update the 2000 plan and will 
account for the significant growth that has occurred over 
the past two decades and the continued growth that is 
projected over the next twenty years. While the WTGA 
planning area is now situated in the nation’s fourth 
largest county, the area’s most significant population 
growth did not occur until the 21st century. The area’s 
history, however, dates back thousands of years.
As early as 9000 B.C. various indigenous tribes 
inhabited this region. These early tribes were comprised 
of nomadic people traveling through the area on their 
way from Asia and Alaska to Mexico and South America. 
However, because of their nomadic existence their 
settlements did not become part of the landscape, and 
little is known about their way of life.
The first known permanent settlers were the Hohokam 
people, who occupied the area from approximately 500 
to 1450 A.D. It is believed that this group lived in small 
farming villages throughout the region, including in 
the present White Tank Mountain Regional Park. Their 
dwellings were shallow, rectangular pit homes built 
primarily below ground. As their culture developed, they 
began concentrating on small settlements in larger 
villages surrounded by walls.  Once this occurred, the 
Hohokam built an extensive irrigation canal system 
along the Salt and Gila River Valleys, much of which 
was used by the European settlers in the 19th century. 
Although the Hohokam attained a high degree of 
stone-age civilization, they had no alphabet or written 
language and therefore left no narrative stories.  This 
is unfortunate because sometime around 1300 A.D., 
the Hohokam abandoned the area for locations and for 
reasons still not known.
Beginning in the 1500’s, the Spanish explorers 
colonized the region, and from 1540 to 1821 claimed 
the area for the Spanish crown.  When Mexico declared 
independence from Spain in 1821, the region became 
part of the Republic of Mexico.  However, neither Spain 
nor Mexico extensively settled in the area and very 
little permanent occupation occurred in either the Salt 
or Gila Valleys.  With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 
in 1848 and the Gadsden Purchase in 1853, the entire 
region became part of the United States. The first Anglo-
American settlers, primarily trappers, began arriving in 
the region during the 1820’s. However, it was the mid-
1800’s California gold rush that transformed the Gila 
River into a virtual highway of settlers and prospectors. 
In fact, it is estimated that by 1851 over 60,000 people 
had passed through the Gila River Valley on their way to 
California.
By the late 1800’s, Anglo settlement increased due to 
the expanded presence of the U.S. Army, large-scale 
irrigation development, the discovery of minerals, and 
the opening of the railroad. In 1877, the “Desert Land 
Act” permitted settlers to obtain title to 640 acres 
of desert land if they agreed to irrigate it within three 
years. By the 1890’s, over 100,000 acres of desert were 
irrigated in the Salt and Gila River areas which attracted 
still more settlers to the region.  Settlement occurred in 
the Buckeye area as early as 1855, Peoria in 1888, and 
Glendale in 1892. Irrigation and agricultural production 
accelerated with the completion of the Roosevelt Dam 
in 1911 and the entry of Arizona into the Union in 1912. 
Other dams were also constructed along the Salt, Verde, 
and Agua Fria Rivers. The 176-foot-high Waddell Dam, 
constructed in 1927, was at the time the largest multiple 
arch dams in the world. 
By World War I, several West Valley communities 
began to emerge.  El Mirage, Surprise, Litchfield Park, 
Goodyear, Avondale, and Tolleson grew primarily due 
to cotton production.  These communities later took 
on increasing importance around 1940 when a U.S. 
Army representative was sent to Arizona to find a site 
Hohokam Irrigation System Visualization, Robert B. Ciaccio

11
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
for an Army Air Corps field for training fighter aircraft 
pilots.  In 1941, a 1,440-acre site was chosen, and Luke 
Air Force Base (LAFB) was opened. Luke trained over 
12,000 fighter pilots by the end of World War II but was 
decommissioned in 1946. In 1951, LAFB was reactivated 
and has been training U.S. and Allied pilots ever since. 
LAFB was named after Second Lieutenant Frank Luke 
who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor 
and the number-two U.S. flying ace in World War I.
World War II also marked a change in land use patterns 
throughout the area. Low-cost land and industrial 
decentralization 
brought 
electronics, 
aluminum, 
and aerospace industries to the region. Along with 
these industries came more people, and agriculture 
began to be replaced by residential development.  The 
area’s pleasant climate and the widespread use of air 
conditioning made the West Valley attractive to retirees. 
Retirement communities became part of the region’s 
growth pattern when Youngtown and Sun City started 
in the mid-1950’s.  Retail business followed people 
here, and many stores moved from central Phoenix to 
suburban areas. Completion of the Central Arizona 
Project, Interstate-10, and other major roadways also 
had impact on growth in the West Valley as individuals 
and business were able to move farther way from 
central city services, creating villages, satellite cities 
and master planned communities.
Today, the WTGA planning area is one of the fastest 
growing regions in the county.  This growth continues to 
offer certain benefits such as access to urban services, 
increased employment opportunities, as well as location 
and housing choices for residents.  However, growth and 
development continue to exacerbate certain problems 
such as urbanization of rural, agricultural, and Sonoran 
Desert areas, increasing the cost of servicing scattered 
development and increasing air pollution due to longer 
travel distances.  While not a complete solution the 
WTGA Area Plan assists in addressing these problems 
by 
enhancing 
cooperation 
between 
government 
agencies, citizens, and other affected interests, and 
by considering regional implications. Figure 7 below 
illustrates the comprehensive history of and timeline for 
the region.
Waddell Dam - 1927, Mark Durben
Frank Luke - 1918, USAF

12	
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
Figure 7.	 Planning and Development Timeline
Planning & Development Timeline 
for the White Tank Grand Avenue Area

13
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY

CHAPTER 2
14	
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Community 
Engagement

15
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
“I’d definitely say that the people 
make this area great. Everyone 
knows each other and helps out.”
 
-Community member when asked what makes the White Tank Grand Avenue Area unique.

16	
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Community engagement is the cornerstone of any 
comprehensive planning effort. In 2000,  the County 
Board of Supervisors adopted a Public Participation 
Program in accordance with ARS § 11-805.B. This 
program established the minimum public participation 
required to ensure an inclusive and comprehensive 
planning process. In accordance with the program and 
with ARS, the project team developed a wide range of 
strategies to both efficiently and effectively guide the 
public input process for the plan update. These strategies 
included meetings with the Plan Advisory Committee 
(PAC), outreach discussions with key stakeholders, a 
project website, live surveys, online questionnaires, 
and social media outreach. In addition, members of the 
public also had an opportunity to participate in public 
meetings and hearings with the Planning and Zoning 
Commission and the Board of Supervisors.
JUNE 2023
OCTOBER 2023
PAC Meeting 
June 27th, 2023


 
Questionnaire #1 Launched
July 19th, 2023



Virtual Community Meeting
July 19th, 2023




In-Person Community Meeting
August 24th, 2023

 

PAC Meeting
August 29th, 2023

 


Questionnaire #2 Launched
September 4th, 2023

 
In-Person Community Meeting
September 27th, 2023

 
PAC Meeting
October 4th, 2023

 

Virtual Community Meeting
Questionnaire #3 Launched
October 16th, 2023
Engagement Photos from Community Meetings in Sun City 
West and at Morristown Elementary School

17
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Plan Advisory Committee (PAC) Meetings
Early in the process, the plan project team identified 
several key entities to serve as part of a Plan Advisory 
Committee (PAC). The PAC consisted of community 
representatives, stakeholders, and subject matter 
experts. This group met virtually three times between 
June and October 2023 to discuss a variety of topics, 
including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats 
for the area as well as strategies, goals, and policies of 
the plan. The purpose of the PAC was to guide and direct 
the planning process within their areas of expertise. The 
PAC also served as ambassadors to the plan getting the 
word out about various community engagement events.
Contributing Partner Interviews
Those unable to serve on the PAC, but otherwise 
interested were given the opportunity to provide 
input through a virtual interview. The project team 
conducted interviews between June and October 2023. 
Participants are detailed on the Acknowledgment page 
of this document.
Community Questionnaires
The project team posted community questionnaires on 
the project website between July and October.  The goal 
of the first questionnaire was to understand the quality of 
life, reasons why participants live, work, and recreate in 
the area, and top issues or areas to improve. The second 
questionnaire asked for feedback on strategic priorities 
and goals for the area. Lastly, the third questionnaire 
launched with the October community meeting for 
community members to provide input on the draft plan. 
All questionnaires asked locational questions to ensure 
comprehensive engagement across the WTGA planning 
area.
Community Meetings
The project team held four community meetings 
between July and October 2023.   Two virtual meetings 
were held at the beginning and end of the process, an in-
person morning meeting was held at Sun City West and 
an in-person evening meeting was held at Morristown 
Elementary School. The meetings were all advertised 
broadly.  Content at the meetings included interactive 
participation such as live polls, comment cards, 
interactive poster boards, and direct communication 
with the project team.
Engagement Photos from Community Meetings in Sun City 
West and at Morristown Elementary School

18	
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Engagement Photos from Community Meetings in Sun City West and at Morristown Elementary School

19
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
OUTREACH CALENDAR OF EVENTS
PARTICIPATION
  June 27, 2023
PAC meeting # 1
12 Representatives
 July 19, 2023
Questionnaire #1 (active until August 31, 2023)
134 Respondents
Virtual Community Meeting #1 (5:30 – 6:30 PM / Notice published on July 6th; July 
10th; and July 14th in District 4 email blast, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors 
Newsflash, Press Releases, Facebook, Nextdoor, and through PAC members) 
28 Attendees
  August 24, 2023
In-Person Community Meeting #2 (10:00 – 11:30 AM, Palm Ridge Recreation Center, 
Sun City West / Notice published on August 3rd, 7th, 18th and 23rd in District 4 email 
blast, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors Newsflash, Facebook, Nextdoor, and 
through PAC members)
57 Attendees
August 29, 2023
2nd PAC meeting
12 Representatives
August 31, 2023
ZIPPOR (Planning and Zoning Commission workshop) Meeting
9 Representatives
Questionnaire #2 (active until September 30, 2023)
234 Respondents
September 27, 2023
In-Person Community Meeting #3 (5:00 – 6:30 PM, Morristown Elementary School 
/ Notice published on September 6th, 8th, 13th, 22nd, and 25th in District 4 email 
blast, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors Newsflash, Press Releases, Facebook, 
Nextdoor, and through PAC members)
60 Attendees
October 4, 2023
3d PAC meeting
12 Representatives
October 16, 2023
Questionnaire #3 (The results of this questionnaire will be communicated at the BOS 
hearing and within the final document.)
TBD
Virtual Community Meeting #4 (5:30 – 7:00 PM / Notice published on October 3rd; 
5th, 9th, and 13th in District 4 email blast, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors 
Newsflash, Press Releases, Facebook, Nextdoor, and with PAC members, (The results 
of this community meeting will be communicated at the BOS hearing and within the 
final document.)
32
Community Outreach Calendar of Events, June - October 2023

20	
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
WHAT DID WE HEAR?
Below is a summary of community feedback highlights 
throughout the planning process. 
Feedback from Questionnaire #1, outreach interviews, 
and the first virtual community meeting is presented 
below. In these engagement events, participants 
were asked about their relationship to the planning 
area, what’s going well, and where they see areas for 
improvement.
Top reasons to live, 
work & recreate in area:
Top issues & areas 
to improve:
OPEN SPACE/PARKS/
RECREATION
WATER SUPPLY
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY
TRAFFIC CONGESTION
ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE 
FACILITIES
SAFETY ON ROADWAYS
PEACEFUL LIVING
OVER DEVELOPMENT
RURAL LIFESTYLE
DIMINISHED RURAL 
CHARACTER

“It has a rural feel without being 
too far from amenities. Beautiful 
mountain views and dark skies.”
“Access to outdoor 
activities and affordable 
neighborhoods.”
“Beautiful area. Please ensure there 
is balance between development and 
preserving.”
21
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
What makes the 
White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Unique?
At the first PAC meeting, 
participants articulated the 
following within a live poll:
How would you rate the quality 
of life in the White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area? 
FAIR
(11%)
POOR
(4%)
GOOD
(52%)
EXCELLENT
(28%)
NO OPINION
(5%)
STRENGTHS
	»
Community 
	»
Economy 
	»
Rural 
	»
Open Space 
	»
Housing Affordability
	»
Growth 
	»
Economic Development 
	»
Employment Opportunities 
	»
Community Development
	»
Tourism 
	»
LAFB 
OPPORTUNITIES
	»
Limited Water Supply 
	»
Loss of Rural Character
	»
Missing Infrastructure
	»
Land Use Conflicts
THREATS
	»
Infrastructure
	»
Local Services 
	»
Traffic 
	»
Transit and Commute 
	»
Housing Availability
	»
Land Uses
WEAKNESSES
SWOT 
ANALYSIS

22	
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
WHAT DID WE HEAR? (CONTINUED)
Feedback from Questionnaire #2, the second and third 
community meetings, outreach interviews, and in the 
second PAC meeting, participants had the opportunity 
to share their opinions on strategic priorities for the 
planning area. The results from these exercises, 
summarized below, helped inform the plan’s strategic 
priorities, goals, and policies.
Protect Scenic Corridors, Views, and 
Open Spaces.
Discourage development that is incompatible with 
Luke Air Force Base (LAFB) mission and operations.
Coordinate with Arizona Department 
of Transportation (ADOT) to improve 
congested/dangerous intersections.
Encourage urban development going to cities 
and towns where urban service/infrastructure 
are readily available.
Limit pollution to protect dark skies.
Coordinate with adjoining jurisdictions on 
the provisions of neighborhood commercial 
and employment uses as growth occurs.
Coordinate with Cities/Towns to 
maintain buffers around rural areas.
Encourage lower density and less 
intense development.

23
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Engagement Photos from Community Meetings in Sun City 
West and at Morristown Elementary School

CHAPTER 3
24	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Plan Elements
	» Land Use
	» Transportation
	» Environment
	» Growth Areas
	» Open Space
	» Water Resources
	» Energy, Utilities, & 
Public Facilities
	» Cost of Development

25
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
The WTGA Area Plan establishes 
comprehensive and broad goals 
and policies for each topic area or 
element in the plan.

26	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
OVERVIEW OF THE ELEMENTS
The WTGA Area Plan establishes comprehensive 
and broad goals and policies for each topic area or 
element in the plan.  These goals and policies support 
the core principles of the comprehensive plan and the 
community-driven strategic priorities for the WTGA 
planning area.  The WTGA Area Plan should be read and 
used in conjunction with the County’s Comprehensive 
Plan.   For comprehensive plans, the ARS require 
the inclusion of eight plan elements: Land Use, 
Transportation, Environment, Growth Areas, Open Space, 
Water Resources, Energy and Cost of Development. ARS 
allows for optional elements as well.  For consistency 
with the comprehensive plan, this section will include 
these required elements as well as the elective element 
of Economic Growth.
Section Structure & Definitions 
Each element includes a general discussion of the topic and analysis followed by applicable goals and policies 
which are defined as follows:
Goal: A concise statement describing the condition to be achieved. It is derived from the core principles 
of the comprehensive plan and the strategic priorities for the area and does not suggest specific actions 
but describes a desired outcome.
Policy: A specific statement derived from the goals to guide public and private decision making.

Elements
The following sections contain a detailed discussion of each element.
1. LAND USE
2. TRANSPORTATION
3. ENVIRONMENT
4. ECONOMIC GROWTH
6. OPEN SPACE
7. WATER RESOURCES
8. ENERGY, UTILITIES, & 
     PUBLIC FACILITIES
5. GROWTH AREAS
9. COST OF DEVELOPMENT

27
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
LAND USE ELEMENT
The Land Use Element is required per ARS and designates the proposed general 
distribution, location, and extent of uses of the land for housing, business, industry, 
agriculture, recreation, education, public buildings and grounds, open space, and 
other uses within the WTGA planning area. Additionally, in accordance with the 
statutes, this section addresses the following:
	»
Standards of population density and building intensity for various land use 
categories, 
	»
Specific policies that the County may use to promote compact development 
activity and locations where those patterns are encouraged, 
	»
Policies that address maintaining a broad variety of land use categories 
including a discussion of the existing land uses, and 
	»
Discussion and identification of sources of aggregates from maps available 
form state agencies as well as polices to preserve aggregate resources and the 
avoidance of incompatible land uses. 
The consideration of air quality and access to solar energy is discussed in 
subsequent sections of this chapter.
Sun City, Shutterstock

28	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Existing Land Uses
As shown in the bar chart below, over 190,000 acres or 
nearly 51% of land use within the WTGA planning area 
is designated rural. A significant portion of land is also 
dedicated to open space at approximately 28% and 
military-compatible uses at 8%. Single family land uses 
make up approximately 11% and the remainder of uses 
including employment and commercial make up less 
than 2%.
Existing Land Ownership
Existing land ownership as shown in Figure 8 on page 
29 is an important factor when determining future 
land use. As shown in gray, nearly half, or 46%, of the 
land within the WTGA Plan Area is privately owned. 
The Arizona State Land Department (ASLD), shown in 
dark blue at 29%, manages the state trust lands with 
the mission of enhancing their resources for the value 
and optimization of economic return for their trust 
beneficiaries. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) 
owns 17% of land within the WTGA Plan Area, and local 
or state parks account for 7% of the area. The military 
owns 1% of the land in the planning area and these areas, 
along with adjacent lands under private ownership, are 
regulated by the state defined HNAPZ. The nature and 
use of these lands are reflected in both the future land 
use designations and on the Future Land Use Map in 
Figure 9 on page 32.
Aggregate Resources
According to the Arizona Geological Survey, there are 
a number of active mines located within the WTGA 
planning area. Most are located along the Agua Fria 
River and to the east of Luke Air Force Base. Resources 
mainly include sand and gravel, crushed stone, and salt. 
While aggregate mining is an important and necessary 
part of the economy, the noise, light, dust, and traffic 
from mines can impact the quality of life of nearby 
residents. To protect aggregate mining and safeguard 
residents’ enjoyment of their property, Maricopa County 
supports open space buffers, land use transitions and 
other techniques that appropriately separate existing 
and future aggregate mining operations from residential 
land uses. ARS require that existing mining operations 
should be preserved for future development and policies 
should be in place to avoid incompatible land uses.
While the Future Land Use Map addresses general 
location where aggregate can be found, Maricopa 
County also encourages developers and property 
owners to research the location of existing and future 
mining operations prior to purchasing or choosing to 
develop a property. Common sources of aggregate 
resources are mountains and washes or riverbeds. For 
more information on potential locations of aggregate 
resources, refer to the Arizona Geological Survey 
Document Repository for the current Geologic Map 
Database for Aggregate Resource Assessment for the 
Phoenix Metropolitan Area and surrounding regions.
Existing WTGA Area Land Use by Category (% Acres)

29
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 8.	Land Ownership

30	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Future Land Uses
All future land use designations have been updated 
since the previous plan was adopted in 2000 to align with 
Maricopa County’s Comprehensive Plan and mapped to 
illustrate the community’s vision for the planning area. 
As described in Chapter 1, the WTGA planning area has 
been revised and is now 727 Sq. Miles. The following 
reflects significant changes to the Future Land Use Map 
illustrated in Figure 9 on page 32:
	»
Two potential growth areas, which are more fully 
described in the growth areas section, are added to 
account for anticipated population and job growth. 
	»
Land owned by the BLM that changed from rural to 
open space to align with BLM’s preferred land uses 
for these areas.
	»
Land owned by the ASLD changed from open 
space to single-family rural to accommodate future 
potential development in accordance with the ASLD 
mission.
	»
Approved Comprehensive Plan Amendments (CPAs) 
since the previous plan are identified within the map 
along with their associated land use categories.
	»
Approved Development Master Plans (DMPs) are 
identified.
	»
Approve scenic corridors, designated floodways, 
and special flood hazard zones.
	»
General designation of areas where aggregate 
resources are found.
	»
All incorporated areas within the planning area are 
shown as gray or light blue within the HNAPZ of 
LAFB and the Luke Auxiliary Field #1. These areas 
are not governed by County land use policy or 
regulation but are shown for continuity of the WTGA 
planning area.
For ease of viewing, the Future Land Use Map is also 
divided into two sections in Figures 10 and 11 on pages 
33 and 34.
The breakdown of future land uses within the 
unincorporated area of the WTGA planning area includes 
nearly 177,000 acres, or 47%, of land designated as 
Single Family – Rural. Unincorporated area makes up 
590 square miles of the plan area. This rural designation 
surrounds the White Tank Mountain Regional Park and 
covers much of the area’s northwest quadrant. Open 
space comprises over 114,000 acres or over 30% of the 
area. The military compatible use accounts for 8% of 
the planning area. While some of this area is under local 
jurisdiction, the use remains the same given the needs 
of LAFB and the regulations outlined in ARS. In addition 
to rural development, several other single family land 
use types are also represented, including large lot, small 
lot, and transitional lot which make up over 12% of the 
area. The remaining uses make up less than 2% of the 
planning area and include employment, commercial, 
zoo, community service, multiple family – low, utilities, 
heavy industrial, neighborhood retail, community retail, 
and office. 
Future Land Use Category
Acres
Percent
Single Family - Rural
176874
46.84%
Open Space
114267
30.26%
Single Family - Transitional Lot
38140
10.10%
Military Compatible
31622
8.38%
Single Family - Large Lot
9172
2.43%
Mixed Use Employment
6139
1.63%
Single Family - Small Lot
368
0.10%
Regional Commercial
355
0.09%
Zoo
154
0.04%
Community Service
100
0.03%
Multiple Family - Low
91
0.02%
Utilities
89
0.02%
Heavy Industrial
79
0.02%
Neighborhood Retail
66
0.02%
Community Retail
37
0.01%
Office
20
0.01%
Total: 
377,573
100%
Note: Total acreage excludes incorporated area.

31
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Future Land Use Designations
The WTGA Area Plan has been updated to reflect the 
current future land use designations as identified in 
the Comprehensive Plan. Although the Comprehensive 
Plan has an all-inclusive list of designations that can be 
referenced, the WTGA Area Plan utilizes the following 
sixteen (16) future land use designations with their 
respective description and characteristics.
Regional Retail
Lead tenant of more than one department store along 
with small-scale secondary stores typical of outlet 
or enclosed malls; total retail space: 400,000+ Sq. Ft 
(anchor ratio: 50% - 70%); typical site area: up to 100 
acres. 
Community Retail
Lead tenant of one or more department, warehouse, or 
specialty retail stores along with small-scale secondary 
stores typical of a Power Center; total retail space: 
100,000 - 400,000+ Sq. Ft (anchor ratio: 40% - 60%); 
typical site: up to 40 acres. 
Neighborhood Retail
Lead tenant single supermarket or specialty retail store 
along with small-scale secondary stores; total retail 
space; 30,000 – 150,000 Sq. Ft. (anchor ratio: 30% - 50%); 
typical site area: up to 15 acres. 
Mixed Use Employment
Mix of office, research, warehouse, light industrial, and 
support employment uses on the same or adjacent 
parcels.  Residential and general retail uses are not 
allowed. 
Office
Office space for administrative, professional, semi-
professional, and support activities where no retail trade 
is conducted. 
Heavy Industrial
Manufacturing, assembly, and fabrication of large 
goods requiring heavy raw materials; processing and 
refinement of natural resources. 
Military Compatible 
Applicable only within ARS defined High Nose or Accident 
Potential Zone (HNAPZ). It includes only those uses 
determined to be compatible and consistent with the 
HNAPZ of a military airport or ancillary military facility.  
Community Service
Facilities for government, education, religious worship, 
cemeteries, social gathering, public safety, residential 
care, and large-scale medical care which serves the 
general public.  
Utilities
Electric generating plants, water and wastewater 
treatment 
facilities, 
and 
associated 
offices 
and 
accessory equipment.  
Open Space
Unimproved 
areas 
specifically 
designated 
for 
preservation in an unaltered, natural state which only 
offer passive recreation. 
Zoo
Zoo, wildlife preserves, exotic animal farms. 
Single-Family Rural
Density of 1 dwelling unit or less per gross acre. 
Single-Family - Large Lot 
Density greater than 1 dwelling unit per gross acre, but 
not more than 2 dwelling units per gross acre.  
Single-Family - Transitional Lot
Density greater than 3 dwelling units per gross acre, but 
not more than 5 dwelling units per gross acre. 
Single-Family - Small Lot
 Density greater than 5 dwelling units per gross acre, but 
not more than 8 dwelling units per gross acre. 
Multiple Family – Low 
Density greater than 8 dwelling units per gross acre, but 
not more than 12 dwelling units per gross acre.

32	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Aggregate resources
Figure 9.	Future Land Uses

33
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 10.	Future Land Use Map - Northern Section

34	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 11.	 Future Land Use Map - Southern Section

35
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Land Use Analysis
Balancing housing and development needs across the 
region while maintaining open spaces and the rural 
character of the WTGA planning area is a top priority and 
challenge for the community. Many community members 
recognized the need for more housing and development 
to accommodate existing and future residents, but also 
expressed their appreciation and concerns for the area’s 
retention of a rural and peaceful character and access 
to, and protection of, open spaces, viewsheds, and dark 
skies. This strong interest in preserving open space and 
rural character balanced with needed growth is reflected 
in the Future Land Use Map where over 77% of land is 
designated as open space and single family - rural.
Future Land Use Strategies
1.	 Prioritize protection and preservation of open 
spaces, views, and rural character. The updated 
Future Land Use Map designates all land owned by 
the BLM as open space and some of the land owned 
by the ASLD as Rural. Rural is also designated 
around the area’s largest open space, the White Tank 
Mountain Regional Park and interspersed in both 
growth areas with guidance to adequately buffer 
existing rural and large lot developments.  Scenic 
corridors, floodways and special flood zones are 
illustrated on the Future Land Use Map as a tool 
for decision-makers to consider appropriateness of 
proposed developments in or near those areas. 
2.	 Accommodate growth where appropriate to address 
housing needs. To accommodate housing and to 
prioritize growth compactly and most efficiently, 
the Future Land Use Map contains two designated 
potential growth areas, where higher density 
(more compact) and intensity land uses have been 
incorporated. These areas lie along US 60 and Loop 
303 and are poised for development as they are within 
proximity to urban services and infrastructure. The 
County encourages development within these areas 
to occur in an adjoining municipality with appropriate 
water, sewer, police and fire service. Growth areas 
are further discussed in the Growth Areas section of 
this document.
3.	 Ensure that development is compatible with Luke 
Air Force Base’s mission and operations. Maricopa 
County is a longtime supporter of LAFB in the region 
and previously instituted a rigorous development 
review system to ensure a collaborative relationship 
with the base.  Policies within the WTGA Area Plan 
will continue to ensure that development within 
the HNAPZ is both compatible with the mission 
and operations at LAFB and compliant with ARS. 
Additionally, the areas surrounding the HNAPZ are 
also designated on the Future Land Use Map to align 
with LAFB’s Graduated Density Concept (GDC). In 
short, the GDC supports densities from the 65 Ldn 
(noise contours) at 0-2 du/ac to ½ mile, 0-4 du/ac 
from ½ to 1 mile, and 0-6 du/ac from 1 to 3 miles.
LAFB Control Tower, U.S. LAFB

36	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Land Use Goal #1: 
Promote 
balanced, 
efficient, 
and 
compact 
land 
development patterns within the WTGA planning 
area with the appropriate level of services for water, 
wastewater, education, and public safety that is 
compatible with adjacent land uses, is well integrated 
with the transportation system, and is sensitive to the 
natural environment.
Land Use Goal #2: 
Protect the mission of LAFB as well as the public health, 
safety, and welfare in areas around LAFB and Luke 
Auxiliary Airfield #1.
Land Use Policy #1:
Maricopa County supports continued coordination with 
federal, state, and local agencies to ensure a balanced 
mix of land uses in the region.
Land Use Policy #2:
Maricopa County supports development within the 
WTGA planning area with commensurate services 
or infrastructure and development that adequately 
mitigates negative impacts to surrounding lands or 
communities.  
Land Use Policy #3:
Maricopa County supports increasing the housing stock 
in the WTGA planning area in areas that are supported 
by the appropriate levels of services and infrastructure.
Land Use Policy #4:
Maricopa County supports providing incentives, such as 
density bonuses, for planned communities that set aside 
at least 20% of the total single family residential units 
for affordable housing, which shall be defined as single 
family housing that is 25% lower than the median sales 
price of existing homes in the Phoenix metropolitan area, 
as determined by the most recent National Association 
of Realtors report.
Land Use Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports high quality commercial 
centers and well-designed office, business, and industrial 
parks that are properly located within the WTGA planning 
and that proximate to populated areas and transportation 
facilities.
Land Use Policy #6:
Maricopa County will continue to comply with military 
airport or ancillary military facility ARS policies by 
continuing coordination with LAFB for developments 
within and around the HNAPZ of LAFB or Luke Auxiliary 
Airfield #1 to ensure compatibility and consistency with 
the base mission and operations.
Land Use Policy #7: 
Maricopa County supports the LAFB Graduated Density 
Concept (GDC) and will continue to increase awareness 
of compatible land use planning in the vicinity of the 
military airport or ancillary military facility. 
Land Use Policy #8:
Maricopa County supports development that aligns with 
adopted scenic corridor policies and regulations.
Land Use Policy #9:
Maricopa County supports existing automobile proving 
grounds and aggregate resource extraction that is well-
buffered and encourages new proximate development 
that is compatible with the continuing operation of 
automotive proving grounds and aggregate resource 
extraction.
Land Use Policy #10:
Maricopa County supports development that maintains 
the rural and open space land use designations as 
buffers or transitions around existing rural and large lot 
developments in the WTGA planning area.
Land Use Policy #11:
Maricopa County supports the development of regional 
retail and employment mixed uses adjacent to Loop 303.
Land Use Policy #12:
Maricopa County supports efforts to preserve major 
floodways as open space and/or in a natural state.
LAND USE GOALS AND POLICIES
The goals and policies described in this section are intended to guide future land use decisions within the WTGA 
planning area.

37
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT
Transportation Network 
Roadway Network
The WTGA planning area’s roadway system varies widely in density and complexity. 
Primary road networks include:
1.	 Inside Loop 303 and along I-10: standard one-mile arterial network with 
supporting collectors
2.	 Sun City/Sun City West: curvilinear roadway network with fewer continuous 
corridors
3.	 Northwest of Loop 303: limited continuous roadways, comprised of State 
Routes and Sun Valley Parkway, with little other connectivity
Figure 12 on page 38 shows the existing roadway network. Notable aspects of the 
WTGA planning area roadway system include:
	»
There are seven freight routes in the WTGA planning area, largely on state 
routes and major arterials.
	»
Concentrations of serious injury and fatal crashes occur on Loop 303, Bell 
Road, and US 60. The Maricopa County Department of Transportation (MCDOT) 
Transportation System Plan (TSP) identifies the US 60 and Bell Road corridors 
in Sun City as crash hotspots for all severities.
	»
There are 10 miles of congested roadways, including along US 60 and Loop 
303. 
	»
The majority of pavement in the study area is reported as fair or better; 22.6% 
of pavement rated as poor.
Multimodal Transportation 
The area’s existing multimodal transportation network includes public transit 
systems, active transportation infrastructure, and aviation facilities. The 
multimodal transportation network is shown in 13. There are 16 bus routes, 83 
bus stops and 2 park-and-rides that serve the WTGA planning area. Transit routes 
include local, express, and rural routes. 
The area has access to 202 miles of active transportation facilities composed of 
hiking trails and shared use paths. Newer arterial roadways in the area include on-
street bicycle lanes and sidewalks. Regional connectivity of bikeways is minimal, 
present only along US 60 and Sun Valley Parkway. There are three regional parks in 
the area: White Tank Mountain Regional Park, the Hassayampa River Preserve, and 
the Vulture Mountains Recreation Area. 
Although there are no public airports within the WTGA planning area, there is Luke 
Auxiliary #1 Airfield and LAFB. LAFB and Luke Auxiliary Field #1 break up the 
arterial street grid network for several miles. 
Roadway Network 
Opportunities
	»
Improving freight bottlenecks 
and 
facilities 
to 
better 
accommodate 
freight 
will 
improve 
economic 
development, 
traffic 
operations, and safety.
	»
Investment 
in 
congestion 
mitigation 
strategies 
and 
safety measures will reduce 
travel time and crashes.
	»
It 
would 
require 
minimal 
improvement 
to 
bring 
all 
roadways up to fair or good 
conditions.
Multimodal Network 
Opportunities
	»
Expand bus service to the 
west and north to improve 
connectivity and accessibility.
	»
Regional active transportation 
facilities would make travel 
easier for users looking to walk 
or bike.
	»
Land 
use 
constraints 
in 
proximity 
to 
LAFB 
and 
the creation of Loop 303 
have 
created 
development 
opportunities for warehousing 
fulfillment 
and 
distribution 
facilities.

38	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 12.	 Functional Classification

39
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 13.	Multimodal Transportation

40	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Transportation Network Analysis
In the Momentum 2050 Regional Transportation Plan, 
Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) modeled 
future traffic congestion for the entire region as shown 
below in Figure 14. Without major roadway capacity 
investments, many of the arterial roadways in the WTGA 
planning area will have a “failing level of service” by 
2050. Failing levels of service (LOS) indicate severe 
congestion.
To address these anticipated congestion issues, 
both MAG and MCDOT are planning multimodal 
improvements, which are shown in Figure 15 on page 41. 
The planned alignment of the future I-11 corridor is also 
mapped and runs along the western side of the WTGA 
planning area. This plan notes that a future I-11 is not 
guaranteed to develop along this corridor and requires 
funding opportunities to become available at the state 
level to advance to design and construction.
Planned improvements recommended in ADOT’s US 60 
Corridor Study are also mapped. The plan recommends 
intersection and corridor improvements along US 60 from 
SR 74 to Wickenburg. Recommended improvements are 
not currently programmed for funding. 
MAG-planned improvements include increasing corridor 
capacity, along with interchange, and intersection 
projects. There are no major transit enhancements 
planned by MAG in the WTGA planning area. MAG-
planned 
improvements 
are 
fiscally 
constrained, 
meaning that these improvements are expected to be 
fully funded with revenues collected through 2050. 
MCDOT-planned projects are not necessarily fiscally 
constrained, meaning that funding is not identified for 
all the improvements in the map.
I-11 Intermountain West Corridor
I-11 is a planned new interstate corridor connecting 
the Mexican border at Nogales with Las Vegas, also 
servicing the Tucson and Phoenix metropolitan 
areas. The Tier 1 Environmental Impact Study 
was published in 2021 and identifies a 2,000-foot-
wide corridor as a starting point within which the 
proposed interstate would be constructed.
Arizona does not currently have funding identified 
to construct the interstate; however, upgrades to 
US 93 between Wickenburg and I-40 are being 
designed and constructed to interstate standards 
for future conversion to I-11.
Figure 14.	 Forecasted 2050 Traffic Congestion (MAG)

41
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 15.	Future Transportation Improvements

42	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Transportation Goal #1: 
Coordinate land use decisions with transportation 
investments to maintain and expand the existing 
transportation network to responsibly accommodate 
growth. 
Transportation Goal #2:
Promote and protect public health by improving roadway 
safety and mitigating traffic congestion.
Transportation Goal #3: 
Support the development of the WTGA planning area as 
a regional logistics and warehousing hub along Loop 303 
and around LAFB.
Transportation Goal #4 
Promote and improve infrastructure for alternative 
methods of transportation for, bicyclists, pedestrians, 
golf-cart users and equestrians.
Transportation Policy #1
Maricopa County supports the preservation of the 
necessary right of way to maintain and extend the one-
mile grid system and the preservation of the scenic 
corridors outlined in the plan. 
Transportation Policy #2
Maricopa County supports the enforcement of minimum 
street standards and subdivision requirements to ensure 
adequate secondary or emergency access for emergency 
vehicles as well as applicable MCDOT standards for all 
new collector and arterial roads. 
Transportation Policy #3
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
developer(s) 
taking 
responsibility for the construction of new roads that 
provide access to new development. Upon completion of 
construction, roads that are of regional or community-
wide significance should be dedicated to a local 
jurisdiction or Maricopa County, as appropriate. 
Transportation Policy #4
Maricopa County supports improvement of the LOS on 
congested roadways, including US 60 and Bell Road, 
through MAG and MCDOT-recommended capacity 
improvements as well as regional signal coordination 
through inter-jurisdictional cooperation and the use of 
intelligent transportation system (ITS) innovations and 
program advancements. 
Transportation Policy #5
Maricopa County supports continued monitoring of 
intersections with high rates of serious injury and fatal 
crashes (including along US 60 and Bell Road in Sun 
City) development of appropriate countermeasures to 
address them, and pursuit of regional, state, and federal 
funding mechanisms to construct safety-oriented 
improvements.
Transportation Policy #6
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
designing new roadways to include pedestrian facilities 
with separation from vehicular traffic to improve comfort 
and safety as well as safe multimodal crossings on 
arterial roadways near trails, schools, and other activity 
centers.
Transportation Policy #7
Maricopa County supports Maricopa County Sheriff’s 
Office (MCSO) coordinating with local police departments 
to develop a coordinated traffic enforcement plan to 
ensure high-crash locations are appropriately monitored.
Transportation Policy #8
Maricopa County supports mitigation of truck traffic 
noise and pollution impacts on residential communities 
through use of a primary freight network, construction of 
sound walls, and engine braking prohibitions. 
Transportation Policy #9
Maricopa County supports the identification and 
evaluation of regional-scale public transportation, such 
as an express bus service to connect the WTGA planning 
area to the rest of the Phoenix region.
TRANSPORTATION GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to aid in improving and expanding transportation opportunities for 
residents and visitors of the WTGA planning area.

43
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Transportation Policy #10
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
coordination 
with 
WTGA planning area jurisdictions to ensure active 
transportation plans provide system continuity and 
connections, including multiuse trails and paths, across 
jurisdictions and between municipalities and developed 
areas of unincorporated Maricopa County. 
I-11 Concept, ADOT
Transportation Policy #11
Maricopa County supports the development of on- and 
off-street golf cart facilities and parking at activity 
centers, particularly in areas with concentrations of 
senior citizens and age-restricted communities such as 
Sun City and Sun City West.

44	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENT ELEMENT
The Environment Element is required by ARS and addresses policies and strategies 
aimed at anticipated effects on air and water quality and other natural resources 
associated with proposed development in the WTGA planning area.
Environmental Features
Maricopa County is known for its warm and dry desert climate, with average high 
temperatures ranging from the mid-60s (Fahrenheit) in the winter to an average of 
106 degrees in the summer. Most notably, the WTGA planning area is home to the 
White Tank Mountain Regional Park shown above, which is comprised of nearly 
30,000 acres and the largest regional park in Maricopa County. The region’s major 
rivers, the Gila River and Salt River, run east to west through the County just south 
of the plan area. The Agua Fria, which provides 83,000 acre-feet of water to Lake 
Pleasant annually, runs through the WTGA planning area as does the Hassayampa 
River, which flows north to south from Prescott into the Gila River.
Vegetation and Wildlife
Maricopa County includes diverse flora and fauna, including the critically 
endangered Sonoran Desert Tortoise, which eats mesquite grass and cactus fruit 
and burrows below creosote bushes that give off its distinct musky, earthy smell 
after monsoon rainstorms. Maricopa County is home to several endangered and 
threatened species that formally had free roam. The Sonoran pronghorn is one of 
Mesquite Canyon Trail in White Tank Mountain Regional Park, Mare Czinar

45
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
a handful of species that survived the ice age. The White 
Tanks would have been part of the Sonoran pronghorn’s 
historical 
habitat. 
Now, 
roughly 
200 
individual 
pronghorns remain with territory within the Barry M 
Goldwater Range and the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife 
Refuge. The Mexican Wolf once inhabited the park and 
was threatened by extinction from poaching and habitat 
loss. Programs to reintroduce the Mexican wolves have 
succeeded in increasing wolf numbers to roughly 105 in 
Arizona. The iconic bald eagle has seen a resurgence in 
Arizona since the species was listed in the Endangered 
Species Act in 1978. While at one time, there were only 
11 breeding pairs, conservation efforts led to a stable 
increase in bald eagles in Arizona and their removal from 
the Endangered Species List in 2011. 
Common Name
ESA Listing Status
Lead Office
Gila trout
Threatened
Fishes
Gila chub
Endangered
Fishes
Acuña Cactus
Endangered
Flowering Plants
Yuma Ridgway's rail
Endangered
Birds
Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Threatened
Birds
Southwestern willow flycatcher
Endangered
Birds
Lesser long-nosed bat
Recovery
Mammals
California least tern
Endangered
Birds
Nichol's Turk's head cactus
Endangered
Flowering Plants
Brown pelican
Recovery
Birds
Ocelot
Endangered
Mammals
Razorback sucker
Endangered
Fishes
American peregrine falcon
Recovery
Birds
Gila topminnow (incl. Yaqui)
Endangered
Fishes
Desert pupfish
Endangered
Fishes
Mexican spotted owl
Threatened
Birds
Spikedace
Endangered
Fishes
Arizona Cliffrose
Endangered
Flowering Plants
Desert Tortoise, National Park Service
Additional Threatened Species Within Maricopa County, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Additional Threatened Species Within Maricopa County

46	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
White Tank Mountain Regional Park Petroglyphs, Roger Hall
Archaeology 
The White Tank Mountains in Arizona reflect the region’s 
storied history with a range of prehistoric and historic 
archaeological 
sites, 
including 
prehistoric 
Native 
American petroglyphs, canal systems, and habitations 
ranging from small farming hamlets to large villages. 
Western Archaic People were mobile hunter-gatherers 
who inhabited and used the area to procure plant and 
animal resources as early as 3,500 B.C. The Hohokam 
inhabited the area from about A.D. 500 to 1450 and 
established habitations and irrigated farmland at the 
west end of a large canal system and used the nearby 
highlands for hunting for and collecting upland plants 
and mineral resources. In the centuries that followed, 
O’Odham, Piipaash, and Western Yavapai Tribes visited 
the mountains.  Petroglyphs, some as old as 5,000 years, 
can be found throughout the White Tank Mountains, with 
the largest group along the Waterfall Canyon Trail at 
“Petroglyph Plaza.”

47
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Air & Water Quality
As shown in the adjacent chart, in 2019, Maricopa 
County recorded an annual average of 8.4 micrograms 
per cubic meter of fine particulate matter, which is below 
the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPAs) annual 
average standard of 12.0 micrograms per cubic meter. In 
comparison, the State of Arizona as a whole recorded an 
annual average of 4.8 micrograms per cubic meter of fine 
particulate matter. Policies within this section are aimed 
at maintaining air quality in the WTGA planning area 
by supporting development that reduces or mitigates 
practices that exacerbate this issue.
Maricopa County’s water quality is regulated by the 
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). 
Water supply is primarily from groundwater, accounting 
for 54%, while surface water accounts for 39%, and the 
remaining 7% comes from reclaimed water. In 2022 the 
City of Glendale performed a water quality analysis. The 
results showed that the pollutants arsenic, fluoride, and 
nitrogen, were below federal maximum contaminant 
levels 
(MCL) 
(http://www.glendaleaz.com/2022ccr). 
Similarly, Surprise’s water quality report found no 
pollutants in violation of federal MCL levels (surpriseaz.
gov/water reports).  Water Quality in the WTGA planning 
area appears to be adequate.  Water supply and 
distribution is further addressed in the Water Resources 
section of this chapter.

48	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Potentially Hazardous Areas and Noise 
Generating Uses
Although there are various noise generators within the 
WTGA planning area such as mining operations and 
highways, there are two significant sources of noise 
and potential hazards which include automobile proving 
grounds and military operations.  Additionally, although 
the nation’s largest nuclear plant is not within the 
WTGA planning area, its proximity merits discussion of 
potential hazards impacts of the facility. Development 
around these important existing uses should maintain 
appropriate buffers and compatibility to ensure the long-
term compatibility of these economic drivers for the 
region but to also protect the resident’s quality of life.
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)
Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) is located 
approximately 55 miles west of downtown Phoenix near 
the unincorporated community of Wintersburg. PVNGS 
supplies power to approximately 4 million people in 
several states making it the largest power producing 
facility in the U.S. When constructed approximately 30 
years ago few people lived near the plant, and while the 
surrounding population is still relatively low several large 
master planned communities that could eventually be 
home to tens of thousands of new residents are planned 
within the Emergency Planning Zone. The Maricopa 
County 
Department 
of 
Emergency 
Management 
(MCDEM) defines the Emergency Planning Zone as a 
ten-mile radius surrounding PVNGS where protective 
actions could be required to safeguard the public from 
exposure to radioactive material should an unintended 
radioactive release occur. A larger safety area known as 
the Ingestion Exposure Pathway Emergency Planning 
Zone extends as many as fifty miles from PVNGS and 
does impact the WTGA planning area. Protecting lives is 
the highest priority in the event of a radioactive incident 
at the plant which is why careful land use planning is 
so important. Proper transportation planning is also 
needed to help ensure the safe and timely evacuation 
of residents if necessary. However, careful land use and 
transportation planning must also be combined with 
educating residents living in the PVNGS area about the 
importance of this issue to their health and safety. 
Proving Grounds
Automobile manufacturer Toyota operates a 12,000-acre 
proving grounds located west of Wittman and 60 miles 
northwest of Phoenix. The proving grounds allow Toyota 
to test on and off-road vehicles year-round on 25 miles of 
paved roads and 52 miles of dirt tracks. Toyota opened the 
proving grounds to the broader automotive industry with 
the creation of the Arizona Mobility Test Center (AMTC). 
AMTC will allow other automobile manufacturers access 
to engineering support services as well as access to a 
full range of vehicle evaluation validation processes. 
Also located near the town of Wittman is the Ford Motor 
Company Arizona Proving Ground (APG) operating at a 
size of 1,498 acres.
Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant, Google Earth

49
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Luke Air Force Base & Auxiliary Airfield #1
LAFB conducts 16,000 operations in its local airspace 
annually. Those operations are critical for Luke’s flight 
training mission. In response to rapid development 
around the base as well as its Auxiliary Airfield #1, 
HNAPZ that surround each of the facilities are defined 
and memorialized in the ARS to address compatible 
land use around the base and the long-term safety and 
welfare of surrounding communities. ARS § 28-8481 
identifies specific uses that are and are not considered 
compatible with the high noise or accident potential 
zone. Other uses may be permitted upon mutual consent 
of LAFB and the local jurisdiction. Within the Future Land 
Use Map the WTGA Area Plan designates areas within 
the HNAPZs as “Military Compatible.” The purpose of 
this designation is to ensure that future development 
is compatible with the high noise or accident potential 
generated by these military facilities that may have 
an adverse effect on public health and safety. This 
designation complies with ARS so only those uses 
that are compatible and consistent with the high noise 
or accident potential generated by these facilities are 
permitted. State law also identifies a larger risk area 
around LAFB and Luke Auxiliary Airfield #1 where 
military aircraft can impact public health and quality of 
life called “Territory in the Vicinity of a Military Airport”. 
This area extends ten miles to the north, south and west, 
and four miles to the east parallel from the center of 
the main runway at Luke Air Force Base and Auxiliary 
Airfield #1. While land use restrictions do not apply in 
this area, noise reduction techniques are required in the 
construction of new habitable buildings.  Additionally, 
as discussed in the Land Use section of this document, 
Maricopa County acknowledges and supports the LAFB 
GDC which surrounds the HNAPZ with delineated and 
appropriate densities. 
Natural Hazards & Issues
According to the 2021 Maricopa County Multi-
Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan, key natural 
hazards and issues in the WTGA planning area include:
Wildfires
Wildfires may not pose a serious structural threat to the 
largely urban areas of Maricopa County and Phoenix. 
However, they do pose a threat to areas deemed “Wildland 
Urban Interface” (WUI). With residential and commercial 
development encroaching further into the WUI, there is 
an increased likelihood of structural damage, human 
displacement, and loss of life. During the summer 
Luke Air Force Base, Airman First Class Mason Hargrove
Desert Brush Fire, Shutterstock

50	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
months, high temperatures and a dry climate create an 
easily combustible environment, resulting in wildfires 
ignited by natural events or human error.  Additionally, the 
Sonoran Desert is not wildfire-adapted. As a result, fires 
within the desert open space can create significant and 
lasting damage to natural ecosystems highly regarded 
by residents in the region.
Extreme Heat  
In a valley surrounded by mountains in every direction, 
Maricopa County and the Phoenix Metro Area’s 
geography creates a unique environment that allows 
for temperatures to regularly rise above 100 degrees. 
Between 1991 and 2020, Phoenix averaged 111 days 
above 100 degrees and a record breaking 145 days 
greater than 100 degrees (NWS, 2020). The Arizona 
Department of Health Services projects heat waves will 
be longer and hotter. Paired with the County’s unique 
geography and urban sprawl, the urban heat island 
effect could potentially exacerbate the human health 
effects. According to Maricopa County’s Climate and 
Health Strategic Plan, heat-related human mortality will 
increase, along with airborne particulates and pollutants 
(Climate Health Strategic Plan, 2016).
Dust, Flooding, and Monsoon Storms 
During the monsoon season, approaching thunderstorms 
produce downbursts, whipping up the desert dust, 
resulting in massive dust storms. Dust storms are often 
unpredictable, with the only warning sign being an 
imposing wall of dust several thousand feet high and 
stretching miles across. Monsoon dust storms frequently 
lead to multi-vehicle accidents due to reduced visibility. 
Monsoon storms bring a welcome but brief respite from 
the extreme summer heat. In Arizona, monsoon season 
typically arrives in mid-to-late June and lasts until 
September. Winds from the south bring moisture, leading 
to thunderstorms across the state. Monsoon storms are 
typically brief and intense, with the season delivering 
nearly half of Maricopa County’s annual 8.03 inches of 
rainfall (Phoenix averages - usclimatedata.com). In areas 
with steep terrain, these storms can cause flash flooding 
in low-lying roads and dry washes. Flash floods also 
pose risks and often start in rural mountainous regions 
where heavy rainstorms rapidly transport water through 
dry washes and riverbeds. Special Flood Hazard Areas 
(commonly known as 100-year floodplains, or areas with 
a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given 
year) are shown on the Future Land Use Map and on 
Figure 16 on page 52 within the WTGP Area Plan.
Land Subsidence and Earth Fissures
Land subsidence has also been identified in the planning 
area. This phenomenon occurs when water is removed 
from underground reservoirs, and the weight of the 
overlying material compresses, causing the land to 
settle. Once compressed, alluvial deposits take up 
less space than before, and the ground surface sinks. 
The effects of subsidence can be significant, including 
damage to infrastructure (e.g., highways, railroads, 
utilities, irrigation systems, sewage disposal facilities, 
recreational facilities, and private residences, increased 
flooding, increased potential for groundwater pollution, 
and accelerated soil erosion). Land subsidence also 
creates another potential problem: earth fissures. Earth 
fissures are cracks in the ground surface that occur 
because of uneven or differentiated land subsidence. 
Earth fissures, found in several areas around LAFB, 
usually occur along the periphery of subsidence areas and 
carry large volumes of surface water runoff. Depending 
on circumstances, fissures can form gullies as much as 
50 feet wide and 10 to 15 feet deep. Once fissures begin, 
they tend to increase in number and length, spreading 
at uneven speeds and directions for several miles. 
Figure 16 identifies both significant land subsidence and 
known earth fissure activity areas.  Water conservation 
and reduction measures, as discussed in the Water 
Resource section, will continue to be an important factor 
in alleviating additional impacts resulting from these 
issues.
Phoenix Dust Storm, Alan Stark

51
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Environmental Analysis
As noted in this section, there are several environmental issues that potentially impact the WTGA planning area.  As 
growth and development continues in this region, the following strategies should be considered to help mitigate and 
improve to the extent possible these factors.
Environmental Strategies
1.	 Prioritize and encourage protection of the natural 
and cultural environment. Policies within the 
WTGA Area Plan will be designed to protect native 
vegetation and wildlife though identification of 
native habitats, migration routes, and natural flood 
channels.  Coordination with Arizona Game and Fish 
Department (AZGFD) and surrounding jurisdictions 
is key in helping project migration routes and 
corridors that cross jurisdictional boundaries. 
Continued coordination with the State Historic 
Preservation Office (SHPO) is critical for identifying 
and 
protecting 
historic 
and 
archaeological 
resources as new development occurs. Infill and 
compact development can also help create areas for 
protection of the natural and cultural environments.
2.	 Maintain and improve the environment. Though 
levels of air and water quality are satisfactory in 
the WTGA planning area today, it is important that 
they be maintained for the benefit of existing and 
future residents of the region. Policies discouraging 
mass grading as well as innovative planning and 
site design techniques, such as the use of low 
impact development process, will be encouraged 
to reduce or mitigate environmental degradation. 
Implementation of the Maricopa County Multi-
Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan is important 
for the WTGA planning area. As development and 
redevelopment occurs, dark sky standards will be 
applied to continue improving the dark skies within 
the region for management of outdoor lighting.
3.	 Protect and buffer existing noise generating and 
potentially hazardous uses.  As discussed, there are 
a number of uses in the region that are important 
to the economy of the region, but also produce 
adverse impacts such as noise or other hazards.  It is 
important to continue support of public notification 
of these uses as well as protection of the uses from 
encroachment and the public from harm. Policies 
are aimed at notification, buffering, and coordination 
to ensure that proximate land uses are compatible 
around or in areas potentially affected by PVNGS, the 
proving grounds, and military facilities.
Cover of Maricopa County Multi-Jurisdictional 
Hazard Mitigation Plan, Maricopa County

52	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 16.	Environmental Features

53
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Environment Goal #1: 
Encourage development practices that improve the 
natural and cultural environments and mitigate high risk 
hazard areas and natural hazards.
Environment Goal #2:
Protect and support military facilities, missions, and 
operations within and around the state delineated high 
noise and accident potential zones.
Environment Policy #1:
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
new development utilizing Low Impact Development 
(LID) techniques in site design. LID techniques help 
reduce flooding, control dust, and improve water quality, 
including minimizing the clearing of native vegetation 
and mature trees, and retention of stormwater onsite and 
for fire prevention.
Environment Policy #2:
Maricopa County supports development that considers 
adverse environmental impacts on the natural and 
cultural environment. Specifically, Maricopa County 
supports preserving the White Tank Mountains, Agua 
Fria River, Hassayampa River ecosystems, and wildlife 
corridors, as well as cultural heritage sites, artifacts, and 
traditions, and the interface with the surrounding region.
Environment Policy #3:
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
continuing 
to 
build 
relationships and collaborations to preserve ecosystems 
by including entities, such as Arizona Game and Fish 
Department (AGFD) and the Arizona Department of 
Environmental Quality along with Maricopa County’s 
Environmental Services and Flood Control District of 
Maricopa County (MCFCD) Floodplain Management, in 
the entitlement and plan review process.
Environment Policy #4:
Maricopa County supports enforcing its Military 
Compatible land use designation and zoning districts for 
compatible development within and around the HNAPZ 
and protecting the viability of the military presence in the 
area and the region.
Environment Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports the enforcement of the Dark 
Sky Ordinance and supports regional efforts to limit 
excessive nighttime light in accordance with Dark Skies 
Association standards.
Environment Policy #6:
Maricopa 
County 
will 
continue 
to 
support 
the 
implementation of decisions to buffer noisy or hazardous 
activities from quieter less intense areas. This can be 
accomplished through coordination with appropriate 
entities as well as encouraging site development 
techniques to preserve open spaces through naturalized 
washes and wildlife corridors.
Environment Policy #7:
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
and 
encourages 
the 
preservation of floodplains and washes and the 
protection of viewsheds within scenic corridors. 
Environment Policy #8:
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
development 
projects 
that survey and integrate or protect native plants for 
landscaping and shading, regional flood control, and 
minimal emissions.
Environment Policy #9:
Maricopa County supports the removal of non-native 
vegetation in close proximity to development to reduce 
fire hazards and the revegetation of drought-tolerant 
plants that minimize wildfire risk.
Environment Policy #10:
Maricopa County supports biological and cultural 
surveys in consultation with the SHPO and AGFD for 
new developments prior to any new construction or trail 
projects.
Environment Policy #11:
Maricopa County supports continued coordination with 
proving ground facilities to ensure that they are aware of 
any new development within proximity of their facilities.
ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to ensure the environment is maintained, protected, and improved in 
the WTGA planning area.

54	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
GROWTH AREAS ELEMENT
The Growth Areas Element is required by ARS and addresses an overview of 
growth trends and associated policies with special attention toward areas 
suitable for planned multimodal transportation and infrastructure expansion and 
improvements designated to support a planned concentration of a variety of uses.
Growth Trends
Per MAG data, the WTGA planning area is expected to grow significantly over the 
next forty years. Most of this area’s growth will occur within annexed areas outside 
of Maricopa County’s jurisdiction. MAG’s projections are driven by proposed and 
potential development within this area along with consideration of proscribed 
land uses for undeveloped areas. The unincorporated area is projected to grow in 
population from 65,988 to 68,454. The table below represents projected population 
growth within the planning area, including the breakdown between growth within 
unincorporated Maricopa County and within local jurisdictions.
Projected Population Growth within WTGA Area
Sun City, Shutterstock

55
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Employment growth will accompany population growth 
in the WTGA planning area. The table above shows 
the projected number of jobs within the planning 
area, including both incorporated and unincorporated 
Maricopa County. Employment types included in the 
job projections include permanent jobs as well as 
construction, work-at-home and other non-site-based 
employment. MAG developed the above projections 
based on both land uses within the planning area and 
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
sector-based job categories. A steady increase in 
employment is projected between 2020 and 2060 within 
the WTGA planning area. 
Growth Constraints
The County Comprehensive Plan identified and analyzed 
three categories of growth constraints which affect the 
location of growth within the WTGA planning area:
1.	 Physical 
constraints 
such 
as 
floodplains, 
subsidence/earth fissures, and water availability. 
Floodways and special flood hazard areas cover 
substantial portions of the planning area, specifically 
in the southwest area. Topography and open spaces, 
such as Vulture Mountains Recreation Area, White 
Tank Mountain Regional Park and the Hassayampa 
River Preserve also constrain growth to existing 
corridors of development. 
2.	 Built constraints such as infrastructure and services, 
noise generating land uses, and hazardous areas. 
There are limited infrastructure and services within 
the western portion of the planning area, which limits 
the potential for new development. The HNAPZs of 
LAFB and Luke Auxiliary Airfield #1 also limit the types 
of development permitted surrounding these areas. 




3.	 Ownership constraints such as federal land, state 
trust land, and Maricopa County regional parks. A 
significant portion of the planning area is owned 
by the BLM. This land has been designated as open 
space, which limits development potential in much of 
the north and western portion of the area. In addition, 
ASLD owns significant land in the planning area and 
their lands are meant to be used for the highest and 
best use for the State designated beneficiaries. 
Much of this land has been designed as rural.
Though growth may occur anywhere in the WTGA 
planning area, combining growth trends with growth 
constraints logically leads to two higher potential 
growth areas. That said, growth in these areas needs 
to be planned and managed to ensure the quality and 
sustainability of the region as development occurs. 
Road infrastructure, water and sewer capacity, public 
safety needs, schools, and sensitivity to the natural 
environment must also be considered and addressed. 
Employment 
Growth within 
the WTGA Area 
(2020-2060)

56	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Growth Areas
Two potential growth areas are identified in the Future 
Land Use Map and in Figures 17 and 18.  Both potential 
growth areas take into consideration recent past growth 
trends and are driven by projected population and jobs 
growth depicted in Figure 19 and Figure 20. Whether 
the growth in these areas occurs in the unincorporated 
County or whether it is annexed and occurs in an adjoining 
municipality will greatly depend on the nature of the 
development as well as the services and infrastructure 
available to service the development adequately. As 
per its existing comprehensive plan policy, the County 
will continue to encourage urban development to annex 
into cities and towns where appropriate levels of service 
and infrastructure are more readily available, as well as 
ensure that County development has the appropriate 
level of services for water, wastewater, education, 
and public safety. If development is proposed in 
unincorporated Maricopa County, each development will 
be analyzed on a case-by-case basis during the planning 
and entitlement process.
Potential Growth Area - A
Potential Growth Area A (PGA-A) in Figure 17 on page 
57 is located along US 60 between the City of Surprise 
and the Town of Wickenburg’s planning areas and north 
of the HNAPZs of Luke Auxiliary Airfield #1.  This area 
has been under high development pressure over the last 
decade and is projected to have increased population 
and job growth.  The area contains the unincorporated 
communities of Wittmann, Circle City, and Morristown, 
as well as approved comprehensive plan amendments 
for Santa Barbara Ranch, Broadstone Ranch, Rancho 
Maria, and Walden Ranch, as well as the BNSF industrial 
project going through preliminary entitlement in the City 
of Surprise. While some of these developments have 
zoning in place and others do not, the key factor in the 
continued development momentum will be the ability 
to service the projects with utilities and public safety 
adequately. Other factors in PGA-A will be providing land 
use transitions and buffering for new development for 
the established and existing rural communities, as well 
as protection of the viewsheds and scenic corridors, such 
as State Route 74, Castle Hot Springs, and Wickenburg 
Highway Scenic Corridor. 
Potential Growth Area B
Potential Growth Area B (PGA-B) in Figure 18 on page 
58 is located between the City of Buckeye’s planning 
area and east of Loop 303 and the HNAPZs of LAFB 
and between Peoria Avenue and Indian School Road. 
This area has also seen a lot of development pressure 
with high projections in job and population growth and 
is currently under varying degrees of construction with 
the master planned communities of Cortessa, White 
Tank Foothills, Granite Vista, and Zanjero Trails. Other 
factors in PGA-B will be providing land use transitions 
and buffering for new development for established 
and existing rural and large lot communities, as well as 
protection of the viewsheds and the Olive Avenue Scenic 
Corridor.

57
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 17.	 Potential Growth Area A

58	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 18.	 Potential Growth Area B

59
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 19.	Projected Population Growth

60	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 20.	Projected Employment Growth

61
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Growth Areas Goal #1:
Support growth in the potential growth areas that is 
fiscally and environmentally responsible, protects public 
health and safety, preserves scenic corridors and open 
space, buffers and enhances established rural areas, 
and promotes sensible annexation patterns.
Growth Areas Policy #1:
Maricopa County supports new development located 
within designated potential growth areas as long as the 
development is provided with the appropriate level of 
services and infrastructure.
Growth Areas Policy #2:
Maricopa County supports annexation for growth with 
higher levels of service and infrastructure needs than 
can be provided for in the County.
Growth Areas Policy #3:
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
continuing 
to 
build 
relationships with municipalities, school districts, and 
other providers and stakeholders within the WTGA 
planning area to ensure that both existing and future 
residents within the potential growth areas are best 
served.
Growth Areas Policy #4:
As new development occurs within the potential growth 
areas, Maricopa County supports preserving viewsheds 
and scenic corridors as well as the provision of open 
space buffers around established rural and large lot 
developments.
Growth Areas Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports development within the 
growth areas that both accommodates and provides for 
multi-modal transportation. 
Growth Areas Policy #6:
Maricopa County supports nonresidential development 
within the growth areas that is compatible with 
established development and mitigates any adverse 
effects such as traffic congestion, strain on water supply, 
and viewshed obstruction.
Growth Areas Policy #7:
Maricopa County supports a planned concentration of a 
variety of uses within the potential growth areas as long 
as uses are served adequately and designed to provide 
transition and buffers between established uses.
GROWTH AREAS GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies have been identified and intended to guide decisions related to growth within the 
WTGA planning area.
Dysart High School, dysart.org

62	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
ECONOMIC GROWTH ELEMENT
The Economic Growth Element is not required by ARS, however, it is an important 
topic to Maricopa County and is addressed in the comprehensive plan.  This section 
addresses economic strengths and economic growth within the WTGA Planning 
Area specifically in relation to the retail and housing industries.
Economic Strengths
The strengths of a local economy can be illustrated by a very simple metric known 
as the “Location Quotient” or LQ. LQ compares the percentage of jobs in each 
industry in a community to a larger economy, such as a county or state.  An LQ over 
1.0 indicates that a particular industry has a greater presence in the local economy 
compared to the larger economy indicating the strength of the local area. An LQ 
less than 1.0 shows the potential weaknesses of an economy.  The WTGA planning 
area has been compared to that of Maricopa County. The data below includes all 
employers with more than 5 employees.  As shown on the table below, the WTGA 
planning area has a number of strengths in its local economy compared to the 
County that benefit the residents and communities of the area.
Location Quotient for WTGA Area
 
WTGA Area 
Maricopa County
 
 Industry Cluster 
Employees
% of Total
Employees
% of Total
LQ
 Business Services 
3,410 
4.27%
235,910 
12.78%
0.33 
 Construction 
4,870 
6.09%
130,570 
7.07%
0.86 
 Consumer Goods Manufacturing 
1,580 
1.98%
25,540 
1.38%
1.43 
 Consumer Services 
9,880 
12.36%
206,060 
11.16%
1.11 
 Education 
5,290 
6.62%
135,900 
7.36%
 0.90 
 Finance, Insurance, & Real Estate (FIRE) 
2,550 
3.19%
162,940 
8.83%
0.36 
 Government, Social, & Advocacy Services 
13,500 
16.89%
141,780 
7.68%
2.20 
 Health Care 
3,670 
17.10%
224,780 
12.18%
1.40 
 High Tech Manufacturing & Development 
480 
0.60%
79,360 
4.30%
0.14 
 Hospitality, Tourism, & Recreation 
 3,210 
4.02%
72,580 
3.93%
1.02 
 Media, Publishing, & Entertainment 
590 
0.74%
13,670 
0.74%
1.00 
 Metal Inputs & Transportation-Related Manuf
 480 
0.60%
20,270 
1.10%
0.55 
 Non-Metallic Manufacturing 
370 
0.46%
19,730 
1.07%
0.43 
 Resource-Dependent Activities 
1,760 
2.20%
21,030 
1.14%
1.93 
 Retail 
12,720 
15.91%
215,910 
11.70%
1.36 
 Telecommunications 
400 
0.50%
22,330 
1.21%
 0.41 
 Transportation & Distribution 
5,180 
6.48%
117,550 
6.37%
1.02 
 Total 
79,940 
1,845,910 
 
Location Quotient for WTGA Area, MAG Arizona Employment Viewer

63
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
The strongest clusters within the local economy include:
	»
Government, Social, and Advocacy Services
	»
Resource-Dependent Activities (agriculture, mining)
	»
Consumer Goods Manufacturing
	»
Health Care
	»
Retail
	»
Consumer Services (restaurants, dry cleaners, etc.)
	»
Hospitality, Tourism, and Recreational
	»
Transportation and Distribution
	»
Media, Publishing, and Entertainment
In particular, the WTGA planning shows significant 
strength in the government sector primarily due to the 
presence of LAFB. Resource dependent activities also 
have a high LQ although employment in that cluster 
is modest. Consumer goods manufacturers include 
Subzero, Mlily USA, and Ball Corporation. 
Weaknesses in the local economy include Business 
Services; Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate; High 
Tech Manufacturing; Metal Inputs and Transportation-
Related Manufacturing; Non-Metallic Manufacturing; 
and Telecommunications. Typically, newly developing 
areas of Maricopa County first experience residential 
development followed by retail development that 
is following rooftops.  True job growth in business 
services, manufacturing, and other industries lags by a 
number of years.  Transportation & Distribution is shown 
as about equal to Maricopa County levels. It is possible 
that the data from MAG does not yet reflect distribution 
companies that have entered the area over the past few 
years.
Economic Growth 
The economy of the WTGA planning area is diverse and 
among the fastest growing regions of Maricopa County. 
The completion of the Loop 303 Freeway has provided 
a significant stimulus to economic growth that will 
further expand employment opportunities for the area’s 
residents. As noted, the area has a number of strengths 
that benefit the residents and communities of the WTGA 
Planning area. The predominant industry clusters 
include government, consumer goods, and health care.  
Since 2018, the WTGA planning area has captured 
34% of all industrial development in Maricopa County. 
More than 15 million square feet of industrial space is 
currently under construction in the WTGA Area.  Given 
its resources of modern interstate and state highways 
(particularly the Loop 303 Freeway), rail service, and 
proximity to the Southern California markets, the long-
term outlook for the area to improve its employment 
base is very positive. 
Retail 
The retail market of the WTGA Planning area is 
experiencing significant construction activity spurred 
by residential growth.  With recovery from the lingering 
effects of the 2007 – 2009 recession and its weak 
recovery, the retail market throughout Maricopa County 
is finally seeing new shopping center development. 
The retail vacancy rate within the area stands at 1.1%, a 
level not seen in recent history, and will stimulate new 
development activity. Most of the new retail development 
in the area is occurring in the Prasada master planned 
community in Surprise near the intersection of Loop 303 
and Waddell Road.  
Housing 
The WTGA planning area has grown rapidly over the past 
two decades from an estimated population of 149,000 
in 2000 to 391,900 in 2020, creating huge demand for 
housing.  Today, the area accounts for 20.8% of all 
single family housing permits in the metro area with the 
majority of that activity occurring in the City of Surprise. 
Multifamily housing development has grown modestly 
over the past decade, but increased by nearly 1,500 units 
in 2021.  Most of the units were built in the urbanized 
parts of the area in the cities of Surprise and Glendale. 
Housing construction will continue in the future in the 
region to satisfy the demand for housing generated by 
population growth.

64	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
ECONOMIC GROWTH 
OPPORTUNITIES
The key economic factor for the WTGA planning 
area is diversification of the employment base. 
As the area continues to grow, it will offer a 
broader range of employment opportunities and 
higher wage jobs.  Ultimately, this will increase 
the jobs-to-population ratio of the area and 
reduce commuting for many residents.
Economic Growth Analysis
Building on the population and employment growth 
illustrated in the Growth Areas section and the factors 
considered in this section, the WTGA planning area 
is forecasted by the MAG to increase in population 
by approximately 285,700 persons through 2040, an 
increase of 61.5%.  Job growth will accelerate at an even 
faster pace of 70%, creating nearly 93,000 new jobs over 
the next 18 years.  As a result, the job-to-population ratio 
for the WGTA planning area is expected to increase from 
0.27 in 2018 to 0.30 by 2040. These rapid growth rates 
will have tremendous impact on the region’s economy, 
housing market, and employment opportunities.  
A population increase of 285,700 persons will likely 
create demand for over 114,000 housing units.  In order 
to accommodate that population, a full range of housing 
types will be required, from suburban ranches to high 
density apartment complexes.  Retail development will 
continue to follow the rooftops and should be in active 
areas where they can provide the services demanded by 
the new population. Most importantly, the expansion of 
the population will provide a ready source of labor for the 
expanding employment base.  Further diversification of 
the area’s economy is needed to reverse today’s pattern 
of commuting and improve wage levels of the area’s 
residents. Of the 145,755 employed individuals living in 
the WTGA planning area, 87% leave the area each day 
for work.
The basic infrastructure assets of the WTGA planning 
Area, including freeway access and rail and airport 
availability, are well developed.  Proximity to the Southern 
California markets is a key asset as well as the ample 
open spaces in the region which provide an opportunity 
for expansion of eco-tourism.  Continued expansion of 
the WTGA planning areas educational opportunities 
is also an important component for expanding the 
skill sets of residents.  Secondarily, a greater focus on 
attracting different types of industries that can take 
advantage of the area’s resident workforce (both college 
and non-college educated), will need to be a key focus 
of the economic development strategy moving forward.
Housing Construction, Wikimedia Commons

65
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Economic Growth Goal #1: 
Assist municipalities in the WTGA planning area to 
diversify their economies consistent with available 
resources and to improve the quality of employment 
opportunities.
Economic Growth Goal #2: 
Support an economic environment that nurtures locally 
based employment and economic opportunity. 
Economic Growth Goal #3: 
Support the presence of higher education facilities 
in the WTGA planning area to enhance the workforce 
development pipeline.
Economic Growth Policy #1:
Maricopa County supports coordination with the Arizona 
Commerce Authority, Greater Phoenix Economic Council 
(GPEC), WESTMARC, and other organizations to support 
industry clusters that will provide long term, stable 
growth in the area.
Economic Growth Policy #2:
Where 
feasible 
and 
effective, 
Maricopa 
County 
supports the use of tax-exempt bond financing from 
the Maricopa County Industrial Development Authority 
(IDA) for affordable housing, manufacturing facilities, 
infrastructure projects, and non-profit facilities. 
Economic Growth Policy #3:
Maricopa County supports the provision of information 
and assistance to prospective businesses about 
Maricopa County and the resources available from the 
County. 
Economic Growth Policy #4:
Maricopa County supports meeting the consumer needs 
of the area’s expanding population by encouraging 
additional 
retail 
and 
neighborhood 
commercial 
businesses. 
Economic Growth Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports partnerships with local 
organizations such as Local First Arizona and others to 
provide programs to small businesses. 
Economic Growth Policy #6:
Maricopa County supports the development and 
expansion of vocational and technical schools such 
as WestMEC in the WTGA planning area that provide 
technology training at the high school level.
Economic Growth Policy #7:
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
collaboration efforts with educational providers within 
the WTGA planning area to develop the local workforce’s 
skills in key industry clusters.
Economic Growth Policy #8:
Maricopa County supports collaboration efforts with 
nonprofits and developers to increase eco-tourism in the 
region.
ECONOMIC GROWTH GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to aid in supporting economic growth in the WTGA planning area.

66	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
OPEN SPACE ELEMENT
The Open Space Element is required by Arizona statute and includes a 
comprehensive inventory of open space and recreational areas within the WTGA 
planning area. Following the inventory, this element analyzes forecasted needs 
and demonstrates strategies, goals and policies to acquire, establish, integrate 
and promote open space areas and recreational resources.
Open Space Network
Open Space is an asset that is overwhelmingly appreciated by the community. The 
WTGA planning area contains approximately 114,267 acres, or 30% of open space, 
within the 727 sq. mile planning area.  This open space designation includes the 
County regional parks and preserves listed below and illustrated in Figure 23 on 
page 73, as well as land owned and managed by the BLM, that typically designates 
their land for open space and recreational purposes unless disposed of to another 
entity.  There are also significant trails, scenic corridors, floodways, and special 
flood hazard areas that comprise the open space network. Additionally, there 
are other open space areas found in subdivision parks, subdivision open spaces, 
schools, and golf courses scattered across the WTGA planning area.
White Tank Mountain Regional Park
White Tank Mountain Regional Park is the largest park in the County’s regional park 
system with 29,557 acres. According to the Maricopa County Comprehensive Plan, 
“most of the park is made up of the rugged and beautiful White Tank Mountains,” but 
the park also includes amenities such as parking, picnic sites, ramadas, restrooms, 
volleyball courts, playgrounds, 40 reservable sites for tent or RV camping, 43.26 
miles of trails, an amphitheater, and equestrian facilities.
Vulture Mountain Recreation Area
Vulture Mountain Recreation Area is 71,000 acres, and MCPRD has leased acres 
in the area to provide recreation facilities and services for visitors. The Recreation 
and Public Purpose (R&PP) lease in the Vulture Mountain Recreation Area is for 
the management of 1,046 (park) acres of the Vulture Mountain Regional Area. The 
lease allows for the construction of amenities such as an entry station, parking, 
picnic areas, campsites, a playground, restrooms, ramadas, trailheads, trails, an 
amphitheater, and an OHV staging area. 
Hassayampa River Preserve
The Hassayampa River Preserve is a 776 acre habitat for wildlife, including foxes, 
javelinas, bobcats, reptiles, amphibians, dragonflies, and over 300 bird species. 
According to the Parks Vision 2030 Plan, the preserve includes several short trails 
that traverse riparian areas, woodlands, a lake, and lead to the stunning view at 
Lyke’s Lookout. Other amenities include parking, picnic areas and campsites.
Top: White Tank Mountain Regional Park, Jan Pauw
Middle: Vulture Mountain Recreation Area, Kyle M.
Bottom: Hassayampa River Preserve, John Menard

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Trails 
In addition to the trails mentioned above, the WTGA 
planning area also contains the Maricopa Trail System 
(MTS).
Maricopa Trail System
The MTS shown in the illustration below includes over 
315 miles of existing trails that ring the County and 
was originally part of the Sun Circle Trail.  The Board of 
Supervisors (BOS) formed a trail commission in 2000, 
and by 2002, the County developed the trail concept 
for the MTS, which grew from 19 miles of trails in 2019 
to the current day mileage.  The overarching goal is to 
connect surrounding municipalities and major regional 
parks across Maricopa County. The trails accommodate 
walkers, hikers, runners, mountain bikers, equestrians, 
and inline skaters.
In 1965, the Arizona State Horseman’s Association and 
appointed Maricopa County Hiking and Riding Trails 
Committee worked together to establish the 110-mile 
Sun Circle Trail. The Sun Circle Trail is also designated 
as a National Recreation Trail and is now a part of the 
larger MTS.  The original agreement by the BOS, Bureau 
of Reclamation (BOR), and Salt River Project (SRP) 
allowed for portions of canal banks to be used as trails. 
In 2015, all parties renewed the agreement.  
Maricopa County’s Sun Circle Trails, Maricopa County

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CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Scenic Corridors
While not designated as “open space”, there are five 
adopted scenic corridors in the WTGA planning area 
which are illustrated on the Future Land Use Map. 
These scenic corridors are designed to protect valuable 
viewsheds related to open space and are described 
below. Two of the five scenic corridors are regulatory 
which means that the design requirements, or a portion 
thereof, are mandatory.  The remainder three scenic 
corridors have policy guidelines and design guidelines; 
however, developers are not required to implement such 
guidelines under by right uses of land.
Castle Hot Springs Road Scenic Corridor
The Castle Hot Springs Road Scenic Corridor extends ¼ 
mile on each side of the centerline of Castle Hot Springs 
Road in Maricopa County. The 2000 White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan proposed a study of the corridor. 
Following the study, the Board adopted this corridor 
in 2006 in response to area public involvement. While 
the corridor is non-regulatory, the guidelines protect 
mountains, vegetation, washes, and the unique views 
and characteristics of the area.
State Route 74 Scenic Corridor
The State Route 74 Scenic Corridor is a scenic corridor 
that is both regulatory and policy.  The regulatory 
portion extends to 500’ on each side of the centerline of 
State Route 74 in Maricopa County. The non-regulatory, 
or policy portion, extends from 500’ to ¼ mile on each 
side of the centerline of State Route 74. The Board 
adopted the original regulatory portion of the Corridor 
in 1994 while the policy portion was adopted in 2006 
in conjunction with a corridor study.  The corridor is 
intended to help integrate growth into the community 
and minimize impacts to personal property and quality 
of life. There are design guidelines in place that include 
policies for landscape, natural habitats, character/
identity, building height, lighting, signs, and fencing. 
Regulatory requirements associated with the corridor 
may be found within the Maricopa County Zoning 
Ordinance.
McMicken Dam Scenic Corridor
The McMicken Dam Scenic Corridor is a non-regulatory 
scenic corridor with boundaries that extend ¼ mile on 
each side of the property owned by the FCDMC and 
the Maricopa County Regional Trail, except properties 
within the City of Surprise.  The intent of the design 
guidelines established within this corridor is for the 
protection and enhancement of the McMicken Dam area 
to be implemented as development occurs. 
Olive Avenue Scenic Corridor
The Olive Avenue Scenic Corridor is a non-regulatory 
scenic corridor that extends ¼ mile on both sides of 
Olive Avenue right-of-way in Maricopa County between 
State Route 303 and White Tank Mountain Regional 
Park. Design guidelines are in place to promote physical 
and visual public access to open space resources.  Goals 
within the plan include entry or gateway into the White 
Tank Mountain Regional Park and blending of urban and 
rural land uses. 
Wickenburg Highway Scenic Corridor
The boundaries of the Wickenburg Scenic Corridor 
encompass lands within two miles of the edge of the 
right-of-way of both sides of the Wickenburg Highway 
(U.S. Highway 60- 89) extending from Bell Road to the 
Town of Wickenburg corporate limits. Policies in the plan 
address orderly development, growth accommodation, 
adequate transportation and utilities, and no down 
zoning with negative impact. Regulatory requirements 
associated with the corridor may be found in the 
Maricopa County Zoning Ordinance.
Floodway and Special Flood Hazard Areas
As can be seen in Figure 23 on page 73, the WTGA 
planning area contains a significant amount of 
designated Floodways and Special Flood Hazard Areas. 
Though some of these areas may be developed or 
channelized, with these options being expensive, some 
communities within the planning area have designed 
these areas as open-space corridors. According to the 
FCDMC, a floodway is the channel of a river or stream and 
the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to 
discharge the base flood within cumulatively increasing 
water surface elevation more than a designated height. 
A special flood hazard zone is an area that has a one 
percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year, 
also known as the 100-year flood zone.

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Wildlife Connectivity Linkages
As shown below in Figure 21, AZGFD has identified a 
wildlife connectivity linkage that traverses the WTGA 
planning area. The region’s wildlife resources are a 
critical component of the state’s natural environment, 
especially open spaces. As the region continues to 
grow, wildlife will be forced to find new routes through 
areas they traditionally traveled due to the development 
of roads, buildings, and energy corridors. Increasing 
connectivity for wildlife through the planning area 
will reduce negative interactions between people and 
wildlife and will allow for animals to travel and access 
resources they need more easily and safely.
Figure 21.	 Wildlife Connectivity

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CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Conservation Opportunity Areas
AZGFD defines Conservation Opportunity Areas (COAs) 
as “specific areas on the landscape where actions 
will most likely lead to substantial improvements for 
wildlife and their habitats.” This area provides voluntary 
guidance to prioritize areas for conservation. One of 
these COAs is located within the WTGA planning area, as 
depicted on Figure 22 below. This COA, is located within 
the Hassayampa River floodplain and serves as an 
important travel corridor for “wildlife, habitat for upland 
and riparian species, and migration stopover sites and 
breeding habitat for migratory birds, including [species] 
such as the southwestern willow flycatcher and western 
yellow-billed cuckoo,” according to the Arizona Game 
and Fish Department. 
Figure 22.	Conservation Opportunity Area

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Open Space Analysis
Per Arizona statutes, this section provides an analysis 
of forecasted needs and strategies. Open Space in the 
WTGA planning area is a collective network of passive 
natural areas and preserves, active parks with a variety of 
amenities, trails, and scenic corridors. The look and feel 
of open space can vary across landscapes, appearing 
as undeveloped physical spaces that feel more natural, 
or they can be curated, such as community parks or 
golf courses. The formal and informal dedication of 
open space areas can serve as habitats for endangered 
species, protect visual resources, reduce the urban 
heat effect, and enhance community identity. Open 
space gives the community and visitors the opportunity 
to celebrate the natural beauty of an area through the 
preservation of the landscape that makes it a dynamic 
place to live, and having access to open space is 
beneficial to a community’s overall well-being, including 
mental and physical health. 
Through the planning process, the community uniformly 
confirmed that the ample and beautiful open spaces in 
the planning area are appreciated and merit protection 
for the enjoyment of existing and future residents and 
visitors. This overarching goal will occur through the 
life of this plan and beyond and will only work with a 
multifaceted approach of government policies and 
regulations, non-profit acquisitions, and support from 
the private development. Maricopa County’s Parks and 
Recreation Department (MCPRD) does an excellent job 
of maintaining and enhancing parks and is poised to 
update their parks plan, which will continue to implement 
such measures within the WTGA planning area and 
across Maricopa County.  The Maricopa County Planning 
and Development Department also coordinates open 
spaces, parks, and trails when new development occurs 
by encouraging usage of their adopted scenic corridor 
guidelines. The Flood Control District of Maricopa 
County (FCDMC) works toward their mission and goals 
with community and State partnership to create viable 
natural drainage areas and wildlife corridors within 
their flood control facilities.  The BLM and the AZGFD 
also maintain their lands for recreation, open space, 
and wildlife habitats. Lastly, non-profit organizations 
such as the White Tank Mountains Conservancy assist 
by collecting donations to acquire and preserve open 
spaces.
As part of the plan update, BLM land that was previously 
designated as Single-Family Rural is reclassified as 
open space to align with BLM’s preferred land uses in 
these areas. The updated Future Land Use Map includes 
over 114,000 acres of open space, which equates to 
approximately 30% of the planning area. The Parks 
Vision 2030 identified population growth as one of the 
key challenges associated with preservation of open 
spaces, fragmented ecosystems, diminished wildlife 
richness, and placing undue demand on existing natural 
and outdoor recreation systems. MCPRD’s report also 
states that high-quality natural resources, regional open 
spaces, wildlife habitats, trails, and regional parks are 
top priorities for the community. 
Open Space and Recreation Forecast 
According to the County’s Parks Vision 2030, MCPRD 
estimates a need to acquire approximately 15,000 acres 
every ten years to maintain the current baseline of 27 
acres of undeveloped natural areas per thousand people 
across the County. Resident access to these areas 
will become increasingly important as the population 
continues to grow.

72	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Year
Planning Area 
Population
Open Space Acres / 
1,000 People
Acres Required
2020
478,193
27
12,911
2050
917,446
27
24,771
The WTGA planning area provides 238 acres of open 
space per thousand residents, which greatly exceeds the 
County’s baseline of 27 acres per thousand residents. 
The projected acreage required for the planning area is 
12,911; however, the current acreage of County Parks and 
Open Spaces within the planning area is approximately 
114,000 acres. Expansion of the parks and open space 
network is not required in this planning area to meet the 
needs of current and future residents.
Open Space Strategies
1.	 Expand opportunities to promote community health 
and wellbeing through access and programming 
of 
parks 
and 
open 
spaces. 
This 
strategy, 
which is referenced in the Parks Vision 2030, 
requires partnerships with non-profits, business 
organizations, and cities and towns to promote 
initiatives highlighting the importance of regional 
parks and trail systems as a means to support the 
health and wellbeing of all residents. 
2.	 Reinvest, protect, and continue to improve our 
existing park system. This strategy, which is 
referenced in the Parks Vision 2030, stems from the 
need to improve parks, especially as the County’s 
population grows and parks and open spaces 
become overburdened. While expansion of parks is 
not needed in the planning area, maintenance and 
programming is critical. 
3.	 Bring the Maricopa Trail into Vulture Mountains 
Recreation Area and the Hassayampa River Preserve 
and continue working with municipalities to include 
connector trails to neighborhoods and points of 
interest. Connecting existing regional parks to 
the County’s trail systems will further allow the 
community opportunities to access the County’s 
great open space and recreation amenities. Part 
of this strategy involves developing partnerships 
between Wickenburg, Maricopa County, and ASLD 
to assist in acquiring trail easements to Vulture 
Mountains, south of the Town’s planning limits. 
4.	 Continue partnership with BLM to develop and 
maintain a cooperative management framework for 
the 71,000-acre recreation area. The 2009 Strategic 
System Master Plan identified the need for a new 
regional park near Wickenburg, which led to the BLM 
and Maricopa County entering into a Recreation 
and Public Purposes (R&PP) lease in the Vulture 
Mountains Recreation Area in 2019. The continued 
construction and operation of recreation facilities 
and the continued partnership between BLM and 
Maricopa County will be essential to the success of 
this new recreation area. 
5.	 Provide open space and recreational amenities in 
subdivisions and ensure that they are connecting 
to existing trails and pathways where appropriate. 
Although not a mandate of MCPRD, open space 
and park planning is an important aspect of 
consideration in the development of subdivisions. 
Ample open space and active amenities add to 
the quality of life and health of future residents. 
Active amenities could include but are not limited 
to dog parks, sport courts, exercise equipment, and 
playgrounds.
Cover of 
Maricopa County 
Parks Vision 
2030

73
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 23.	Open Space Network

74	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Open Space Goal #1: 
Protect, provide, and expand access to regional parks 
and to coordinate the amount of protected open space 
parks proportionately with population growth. 
Open Space Goal #2: 
Continue to enhance the Maricopa Trail System and 
cooperate with adjoining municipalities to ensure this 
trail system is connected to their systems of parks and 
open spaces.
Open Space Goal #3:
Have quality neighborhood parks and open spaces with 
adequate and appropriate recreational amenities and 
access points to serve residential developments with 
connections to regional parks and trails.
Open Space Goal #4:
Protect scenic corridors, views, and open spaces and 
use open space buffers around established parks and 
rural neighborhoods. 
Open Space Policy #1:
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
maintenance 
and 
improvements to regional parks and preserves in the 
WTGA planning area.
Open Space Policy #2:
Maricopa County supports non-profit and community 
groups’ efforts to acquire and preserve open spaces 
and wildlife corridors.
Open Space Policy #3:
Maricopa County supports continued coordination with 
the BLM, the Arizona Game and Fish Department, and 
adjoining municipalities to maintain and preserve open 
spaces.
Open Space Policy #4:
Maricopa County supports coordination with the 
Arizona Game and Fish Department to identify locations 
for potential open space development, including 
endangered species habitats, migration routes and 
wildlife corridors, and sensitive lands.
Open Space Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports dedication and improvement 
of trail rights-of-way within and around new development.
Open Space Policy #6:
Maricopa County supports soft edge treatments along 
the perimeter of regional parks and trails systems.
Open Space Policy #7:
To help maintain high quality parks and trails, Maricopa 
County supports user-based funding options for its 
regional parks system and, where feasible, regional trail 
system.
Open Space Policy #8:
Maricopa County supports the protection of scenic 
corridors and views as outlined in adopted scenic 
corridor plans and in Maricopa County Zoning Ordinance.
Open Space Policy #9:
Maricopa County supports the natural treatment of 
drainageways and the preservation of floodways and 
special flood hazard zones in a natural state.
Open Space Policy #10:
Maricopa County supports provisions for open space, 
such as a minimum of 15% open space with 5% of the 
open space reserved for active recreation amenities.
Open Space Policy #11:
Maricopa County supports utilizing natural open space 
as transitions and buffers between established rural 
communities and other types of development.
Open Space Policy #12:
Maricopa County supports jurisdictional coordination 
when utility corridors, such as powerlines and pipelines, 
cross municipal boundaries. Where feasible and 
effective, jurisdictions should work with utility providers 
to use easements and utility corridors as open space, 
trails, or other compatible passive recreational uses.
OPEN SPACE GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to aid in ensuring the open space within the WTGA planning area is 
maintained, protected, and enhanced.

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
WATER RESOURCES ELEMENT
The Water Resources Element is required by Arizona statute and addresses the 
known and legally physical available surface water, groundwater, and effluent 
supplies; the demand for water that will result from future projected growth: and 
an analysis of how the demand for water will be served.
Water Resources 
Surface Water and Groundwater
Due to the arid climate of the southwest, prioritization of water infrastructure is 
important to the continued growth of the area. The entirety of the area falls within 
the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) Phoenix Active Management 
Area (AMA), which requires that most residential development demonstrate that a 
100-year assured water supply is available. See AMA boundary on page 79.
The 336-mile Central Arizona Project CAP canal begins at Lake Havasu and ends at its terminus just south of Tucson, 
Central Arizona Project Website

76	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
A Community Water Service (CWS) is any water system 
that serves fifteen (15) or more service connections. 
There are approximately fifty (50) different CWSs that 
provide water distribution services in the WTGA planning 
area with the connections served ranging from 19 to 
over 150,000. The ten (10) largest providers are:
	»
EPCOR
	»
City of Peoria
	»
City of Avondale
	»
Liberty Utilities (Litchfield Park Water and Sewer)
	»
City of Goodyear
	»
City of El Mirage
	»
City of Surprise
	»
City of Buckeye
	»
Arizona Water Company
	»
LAFB
Within the WTGA planning area, approximately 130 
square miles are served by a CWS. The remaining 597 
square miles do not currently have water infrastructure. 
The bulk of the areas with water service are within Loop 
303 or east of the White Tank Mountains. Outside of 
these areas, water service is limited to isolated locations 
along US 60 as shown in Figure 24 on page 77.
In June of 2023, state leadership announced that further 
residential subdivisions that rely on groundwater will 
not be issued the required certificates for assured 
water due to a projected 4% shortfall in the 100-year 
groundwater supply in the Phoenix AMA. Additionally, 
any multifamily residential project with six or more units 
must now obtain an assured water supply certificate. 
For residential development to continue beyond what is 
already approved in the WTGA planning area, sources of 
water from a municipal provider will need to be identified 
and secured. 
Sewer and Effluent
Sewer service providers in the WTGA planning area 
include the City of Surprise, City of Peoria, City of 
Glendale, City of El Mirage, City of Goodyear, Liberty 
Utilities, and EPCOR. Figure 24 on page 34 also shows 
the sewer distribution system in the area. Like water 
distribution, sewer infrastructure is available within Loop 
303 and east of the White Tank Mountains. Areas to the 
north and west of the White Tank Mountains do not have 
sewer infrastructure currently. Private water wells and 
septic systems are common in unincorporated areas 
not serviced by water and sewer providers. 
Greywater is wastewater from homes and businesses 
that is reclaimed for irrigation and landscaping use. 
Currently, only 5% of Arizona’s water supply comes 
from reclaimed water. Treated greywater will become an 
increasingly important source of additional water. 
As water is a scarce resource for the WTGA planning 
area, using greywater will be a critical part of the 
water mix for accommodating growth. Specifically, if 
greywater can be used for irrigation and landscaping, it 
will free up additional fresh water within current water 
rights and allotments for use by residential, commercial, 
and industrial growth. To rely more on greywater in the 
future, Maricopa County will need to coordinate with 
municipal and private water suppliers in the permitting 
and development of reclamation facilities and reuse 
pipeline infrastructure.
Central Arizona Project
The CAP Canal, managed by the Central Arizona Water 
Conservation District, brings approximately 1½ million 
acre feet of water annually from the Colorado River to 
Maricopa, Pinal, and Pima Counties. The CAP Canal 
extends nearly 340 miles from Lake Havasu to the San 
Xavier Indian Reservation near Tucson and is considered 
a vital source of water for the Phoenix and Tucson 
metropolitan areas. Colorado River water is allocated 
to several western states based on the 1922 Colorado 
River Compact where Arizona, California and Nevada 
comprise what are known as Lower Division states, while 
Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and New Mexico comprise the 
Upper Division states. Each Division receives 7½ million 
acre-feet annually that is apportioned to each state 
in various amounts. Arizona has rights to 2.8 million 
acre-feet annually which is either used or stored in 
underground aquifers to help alleviate potential future 
water shortages. The complex process of storing and 
managing water in these aquifers is overseen by the 
Arizona Water Banking Authority.
CAP, fronterasdesk.org

77
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Figure 24.	Water and Sewer Service Area

78	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Water Resources Analysis 
As future development occurs in the WTGA planning area, 
special consideration must be taken to properly manage 
existing water resources and plan for anticipated water 
resources into the future. These considerations include 
proper land use planning to provide residential, industrial, 
and commercial customers with safe and reliable water 
supplies. Partnerships between municipal and private 
water providers are critical to implement management 
plans for both water consumption and conservation. 
Feedback from residents in the area demonstrated 
that there are concerns about the availability of water 
for existing residents and for future development. The 
recent reduction in water allocated from the Colorado 
River and findings presented in the Phoenix AMA water 
model will have an impact on cities, towns, and private 
water suppliers looking to expand. However, there is still 
a need to identify and supplement non-groundwater 
water rights and the shortage does not negate the need 
to plan for responsible growth and development as the 
WTGA planning area develops.
WATER RESOURCES 
OPPORTUNITIES
A large portion of the WTGA planning area 
does not have infrastructure or service for 
water and sewer. 
Development will be impacted in areas north 
and west of Loop 303 due to lack of assured 
water and limited infrastructure. Unless 
water and sewer service boundaries are 
expanded to the northwest or southeast of 
Wickenburg, future development will likely 
occur at densities that can be supported by 
private wells and septic systems.

79
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
The increase in water usage would not be evenly 
distributed throughout the WTGA planning area. Figure 
25 on page 80 shows the potential relative changes in 
water consumption based on the difference between 
existing land uses and the Future Land Use Map. Notable 
geographical changes in water use include:
	»
The most intense increases in water needs would 
be at the nodes of Regional Commercial and Mixed-
Use Employment located along Loop 303 and east of 
LAFB. These areas are already largely within water 
and sewer distribution systems with infrastructure.
	»
Large areas of increasing water needs are located 
around the White Tank Mountain Regional Park, the 
unincorporated areas on either side of 163rd Avenue 
north of US 60, and potentially the non-residential 
uses that would surround the Luke Auxiliary Field #1 
Airfield. Major investments in water and wastewater 
infrastructure would be needed before growth could 
occur in these areas.
	»
The large areas of rural residential in the 
northwestern reaches of the WTGA planning area 
would have minimal increases in water and sewer 
needs. Wastewater would likely be accommodated 
through personal septic systems.
	»
There is a reduction in water use anticipated as 
agricultural land surrounding LAFB develops into 
commercial or industrial development that is less 
water intensive.
	»
Most of the increased water need falls within the 
MPAs of WTGA planning area jurisdictions, including 
Surprise and Peoria. As annexation occurs, the water 
to serve growth would need to be identified with 
these jurisdictions and connections to municipal 
water systems would be required at that time. Rural 
development in unincorporated Maricopa County 
would continue to be served by private wells.
	»
There would be a proportional increase in the 
demand of sewer capacity for fresh water. Greywater 
reclamation could serve a dual benefit of reducing 
sewer capacity needs and help reduce the use of 
fresh water for landscaping or agricultural irrigation. 
Rainwater harvesting could further reduce the need 
for fresh water for landscaping.
Map of Phoenix Active 
Management Area (AMA), 
ADWR

80	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 25.	Forecasted Change in Water Usage
Note: Water usage rates per acre by land use were taken 
from the 2022 City of Surprise Integrated Water Master 
Plan and applied to a comparison between the existing 
land use map and future land use map to show where 
water usage could increase or decrease over time.

81
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Water Resources Goal #1: 
Balance water availability with growth.
Water Resources Goal #2:
Support efforts to improve regional cooperation and 
communication on water use among WTGA planning 
area jurisdictions.
Water Resources Goal #3 
Increase renewable water use and reduce demand 
through water conservation.
Water Resources Goal #4
Continue to invest in best management practices of 
stormwater to ensure health and safety of residents. 
Water Resources Policy #1
Maricopa County supports appropriately scaled water 
service in potential growth areas that are not currently 
covered by a Community Water System.
Water Resources Policy #2
Maricopa County supports appropriately scaled sewer 
service, greywater reclamation, and rainwater harvesting 
efforts in potential growth areas that are not currently 
covered by existing sewer infrastructure or providers.
Water Resources Policy #3
Maricopa County supports appropriate fees, development 
requirements, and other funding mechanisms to ensure 
that new development pays its fair share of providing 
new services in potential growth areas, such as potable 
water, wastewater, and stormwater drainage. 
Water Resources Policy #4
Maricopa County supports the collaboration of WTGA 
planning area jurisdictions for water planning and 
conservation efforts, particularly during the annexation 
process to accommodate growth that is compliant with 
the Future Land Use Map.
Water Resources Policy #5
Maricopa County supports minimizing water usage 
by new public facilities in the WTGA planning area, 
including on landscaping, parks, artificial lakes, and 
decorative water features through low water use and 
drought tolerant landscaping to mitigate the forecasted 
water availability shortfall.
Water Resources Policy #6
Maricopa County supports the maintenance and 
expansion of major stormwater drainage facilities within 
the WTGA planning area, in partnership with the MCFCD, 
to accommodate the needs of existing and planned 
development to accommodate stormwater that cannot 
be retained in developments in potential growth areas 
and for emergencies.
WATER RESOURCES GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to aid in ensuring the water and sewer infrastructure in the WTGA 
planning area can support future development, as planned in the Future Land Use Map.

82	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
ENERGY, UTILITIES, & PUBLIC FACILITIES 
ELEMENT
The Energy Element is required by ARS and addresses incentives for efficient use of 
energy and policies and practices for greater use of renewable energy. Additionally, 
this section addresses other utilities and facilities within the WTGA planning area.
Energy and Utilities
The entirety of the WTGA planning area is served by Arizona Public Service (APS) 
for electricity service and Southwest Gas for natural gas service. As the area 
develops, consideration of energy needs is important to sustain the population. 
Because of the existing development profile of the area, energy use is relatively 
low compared to more urbanized areas of Maricopa County. According to the 
U.S. Energy Information Administration, major power infrastructure in the WTGA 
planning area includes:
1.	 Northwest Regional Plant Landfill Gas-to-Energy Plant. Landfill gas is collected 
through wells installed within the landfill to generate up to 3.2 megawatts of 
electricity.
2.	 LAFB Solar Array. This solar installation covers 106 acres of LAFB land and 
generates 15 megawatts of electricity. Typically, LAFB uses 100% of the energy 
produced by the array.
3.	 El Sol Battery Energy Center (currently under construction). This facility is a 
battery electric storage system (BESS), which stores excess power generated 
during off-peak times to supplement the power supply during peak times. The 
facility will be able to handle 200 megawatt-hours of excess power storage.
LAFB Solar Array, LAFB

83
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
ENERGY, UTILITIES, & FACILITIES OPPORTUNITIES
	»
Most public facilities are east of Loop 303, in incorporated areas. Additional police or Maricopa County 
Sheriff’s Office (MCSO) stations, fire stations, and schools west of Loop 202 would be necessary as 
the areas continue to grow. 
	»
Due to the potential for solar energy generation, Maricopa County can encourage additional renewable 
energy generation in appropriate locations in the WTGA planning area.
With the Phoenix region experiencing more and more 
days of extreme heat, electricity capacity is being 
increasingly stretched, according to APS. On July 15, 
2023, APS broke its all-time record for the maximum 
amount of electricity consumed at once, 8,191 
megawatts. Accommodating additional clean energy 
production in the WTGA planning area will contribute to 
the area’s ability to provide enough power during peak 
times.
There are three landfills and waste transfer centers 
in the WTGA planning area. The Northwest Regional 
Landfill is located along Deer Valley Road, west of US 60. 
The Morristown Waste Disposal and Recycling Center is 
located southeast of the US 60 and SR 74. The Goodyear 
White Tank Hauling and Transfer Station is located on 
McDowell Road, east of Jackrabbit Trail. Figure 26 on 
page 84 shows solid waste facilities in the area. There 
is also a planned waste transfer station near El Mirage 
Rd. & the 303.
Public Facilities
There are a variety of public facilities in the WTGA 
planning area, including police, fire, education, and 
parks. 
Police services for the area is served by the MCSO, 
Avondale 
Police 
Department, 
Buckeye 
Police 
Department, El Mirage Police Department, Glendale 
Police Department, Goodyear Police Department, 
Peoria Police Department, and City of Surprise Police 
Department. The Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office 
(MCSO) has two stations in the WTGA planning area, 
both along US 60. Currently, average response times for 
MCSO beats within the area are ranging from 10 to 34 
minutes for priority 1 (the most urgent) calls, 9 minutes 
to over 1 hour for priority 2 calls, and five minutes to over 
an hour for priority 3 calls.  
There are twenty-two (22) fire stations in the WTGA 
planning area. Fire protection is provided by Rural Metro, 
City of Surprise Fire-Medical Department, El Mirage Fire 
Department, Sun City Fire and Medical Department, 
Peoria Fire Department, Wittman Fire District, Arizona 
Fire and Medical Authority, and Circle City/ Morristown 
Fire Department. On average, each fire station in the 
plan boundary serves 33 square miles. 
There are eighteen K-12 schools and one post-secondary 
campus (Ottawa University) in the WTGA planning area. 
School districts in the area include:
	»
Agua Fria Union High School
	»
Dysart Unified #89
	»
Liberty #25
	»
Litchfield #79
	»
Morristown #75
	»
Nadaburg Unified #8
	»
Pendergast #92
	»
Peoria #11
	»
Peoria Unified High School
	»
Saddle Mountain Unified #90
	»
Tolleson Unified High School
	»
Wickenburg Unified #9 
The existing educational facilities are primarily located 
east of Loop 303. The average age of school facilities 
is 20 years and the average enrollment for elementary, 
middle, and high schools are 655, 1,755, and 2,300, 
respectively. Public facilities are shown in Figure 26 on 
page 84. 
Sun City Fire and Medical Station, Perlman Architects

84	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 26.	Public Facilities and Utilities

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Analysis
Energy and Utilities
As future development occurs in the WTGA planning 
area, expansion of the electric and gas infrastructure will 
be needed to accommodate growth. Figure 27 shows 
locations that are identified as potential growth areas 
or where the Future Land Use Map shows that major 
land use changes could occur, resulting in urbanization. 
These areas include the growth areas along the US 
60 corridor southeast of SR 74 and west of Loop 303 
between Indian School Road and Peoria Avenue, the 
land surrounding the White Tank Mountain Regional 
Park, and either side of 163rd Avenue north of US 60. 
Public Facilities
Ensuring public services maintain their current high 
level of service and adequate response times as the 
area grows is an important and often life-saving goal 
of WTGA planning area residents and stakeholders. 
As development expands into currently vacant land, 
additional fire, police, and educational facilities will be 
needed to support the population. 
The table below shows the number of existing public 
facilities in the two growth areas in identified the Future 
Land Use Map. 
POTENTIAL GROWTH AREAS
FIRE
POLICE
SCHOOL
A. US 60 CORRIDOR SOUTHEAST OF SR 74 
3
0
2
B. WEST OF SR 303 BETWEEN INDIAN SCHOOL AND PEORIA
0
0
0
Areas that are expecting land use changes, shown in blue 
in Figure 27 on page 86, have the potential for increases in 
density before the horizon year of this plan. Many of these 
areas do not have any fire coverage. While these areas 
are unlikely to develop before the identified growth areas, 
they have very limited public facilities in proximity. The 
potential growth surrounding the White Tank Mountain 
Regional Park will require additional public facilities, as 
the area west of the park will be secluded from existing 
development to the east. Additional public facilities will 
also be needed as development occurs along either side 
of 163rd Avenue north of US 60.
Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office, MCSO

86	
CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Figure 27.	 Future Utility and Facility Needs

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Goal 
#1
Ensure Maricopa County has adequate infrastructure to 
accommodate utilities and waste disposal before growth 
is permitted in unincorporated areas or encourage 
annexation into WTGA planning area jurisdictions.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Goal 
#2
Ensure there are adequate public facilities, including 
police, fire, and educational coverage, before growth 
is permitted in unincorporated areas and encourage 
annexation into WTGA planning area jurisdictions.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Goal 
#3
Remain a leader in alternative energy research and 
development.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Goal 
#4
Ensure that development adjacent to electrical, gas, 
and other utility corridors is context appropriate and 
environmentally responsible.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#1
Maricopa County supports municipal annexation of a 
development site when urban services are available or 
relatively available in accordance with the Maricopa 
County Comprehensive Plan policy on Urban Services 
for Urban Development.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#2
Maricopa County supports planning for residential, 
commercial, and employment land uses in potential 
growth areas that are proximate to each other rather than 
separated to reduce fuel usage, energy consumption, 
and wear and tear on roads. 
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#3
Maricopa 
County 
supports 
intergovernmental 
coordination for the development and implementation 
of strategic energy planning with WTGA planning area 
jurisdictions.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#4
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
cooperation with developers to integrate public facilities, 
such as schools and libraries, into neighborhoods rather 
than having them physically separated and located 
on major arterial roadways. Where feasible, joint use 
facilities, such as swimming pools and playgrounds, 
should be incorporated into schools and libraries.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#5
Maricopa County supports partnering with jurisdictions 
in the WTGA planning area and the private sector to 
develop and maintain an integrated approach to solid 
waste management.
Energy, Utilities, and Public Facilities Policy 
#6
Maricopa County supports the development of renewable 
energy generation with safe distancing requirements to 
prevent fire hazards at BESS facilities.
ENERGY, UTILITIES, AND PUBLIC FACILITIES GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to aid in improving utilities and facilities as well as incentivizing the 
use of renewable energy for residents and visitors of the WTGA planning area.

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CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
COST OF DEVELOPMENT ELEMENT
The Cost of Development Element is required by ARS and identifies policies and 
strategies that the County will use to require development to pay its fair share 
toward the cost of additional public service needs generated by new development. 
This section will also identify various mechanisms that are allowed by law and 
can be used to fund and finance additional public services necessary to serve 
developments.  Policies specifically ensure that any mechanisms that are adopted 
by the County result in a beneficial use to development and bear a reasonable 
relationship to the burden imposed on the County to provide the additional 
necessary public services.
Cost of Development
In fast growing areas, capital infrastructure is needed to provide services and 
infrastructure to new residential and commercial developments. Some of the 
funding mechanisms that are allowed by Arizona law include bonding, special 
taxing districts, development impact fees (DIFs), in-lieu fees, facility construction, 
dedications, and service privatization. This section addresses important cost of 
development issues by stressing that new development pay its proportionate share 
of improvements and services without burdening existing taxpayers.  Its important 
to recognize the County does not provide utility services within its jurisdiction 
and relies on the municipalities and private companies to provide these services. 
The County has not adopted development impact fees for non-utility services, 
one of the primary financing tools available to local jurisdictions. The County, 
however, through cooperation with WTGA planning area municipalities, maintains 
the ability to negotiate development agreements and stipulations related to new 
developments that may affect the road system, the area’s floodplains, and other 
services.  
WTGA Service Providers
The WTGA planning area has a large mix of public and private service providers 
and regulatory authorities that include, in addition to Maricopa County, parts of 
eight cities and nine private utility companies.  The number of public and private 
service providers in the WTGA planning area creates a complex maze of fees and 
regulations that developers must negotiate. Maricopa County’s unincorporated 
areas account for a majority of the WTGA planning area. Maricopa County does 
not operate any utility systems and does not impose DIFs on new development. 
Service Providers in WTGA Plan Area
Public Entities
Private Entities 
Maricopa County
Arizona Water Company 
City of Buckeye 
Beardsley Water Company 
City of El Mirage
Brooks Water Utilities 
City of Glendale 
Chaparral Water Company 
City of Goodyear 
Circle City Water Company 
City of Litchfield Park 
EPCOR 
City of Peoria 
Liberty Utilities

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
However, it still has regulatory authority through zoning 
and over improvements to the county road system and 
floodplain areas.
Most cities use a wide variety of tools to accommodate 
new developments including development impact fees, 
improvement districts, community facilities districts 
(CFDs), development agreements, and dedication of 
facilities and streets improvements. Five of the cities in 
the area also operate their own water and wastewater 
utility systems in addition to the nine private utility 
companies operating in the area. Most cities also 
impose development impact fees on new development 
for a variety of services and utilities including water, 
sewer, and in some cases, future water resource needs. 
Large private utility providers also require impact fees or 
“hook-up” fees for new water and sewer services while 
smaller utility companies do not charge the fees. 
Cost of Development Analysis
Maricopa County prefers new development projects in 
the WTGA planning area to annex to one of the local 
municipalities.  However, the lack of impact fees in the 
unincorporated areas often causes developers to seek 
zoning through the County rather than the municipality 
and to obtain utility service from one of the private 
utility companies operating in the area. Further, the 
strip annexation of land between Camelback Road and 
Peoria Avenue by Glendale many years ago has led to the 
expansion of service areas by private utility companies. 
EPCOR and Liberty Utilities have since become the 
primary utility providers in much of the WTGA planning 
area. This has at times thwarted the annexation of 
development projects into nearby cities, leaving them 
under the purview of Maricopa County.     
Maricopa County is rightly concerned with the financial 
impacts that new development can have on the County 
and on local governments and taxpayers.  This section 
identifies techniques and methods that the County can 
use to fund additional public services generated from 
new development. The County’s Comprehensive Plan 
provides a discussion of funding methods that are 
specific to funding improvements for new development. 
The methods that are relevant to the WGTA planning 
area and supported by the County include: 
	»
Development agreements for master planned 
communities.
	»
Community improvement districts on a limited basis 
where specific public improvements are considered 
necessary.
	»
Intergovernmental 
agreements 
(IGAs) 
with 
municipalities 
to 
help 
share 
infrastructure 
improvement costs.
	»
Fee for service requirements to ensure the recovery 
of the cost of services in a way that does not unfairly 
burden those most in need of such services.  
While multiple municipalities are included with the 
boundaries of the WTGA Area Plan, this section is only 
intended to apply to new developments that are seeking 
rezoning in the County or are subject to the County’s 
policies and regulations. In most cases, the County 
prefers that new development projects annex into a 
municipality prior to seeking zoning through the County 
and most cities require annexation as a condition of 
providing utility services to a development project. The 
goals and policies that follow are designed to outline 
the County’s position on the important financial equity 
issue that new development pays its proportionate 
share of improvements and services without burdening 
existing taxpayers. The goals and policies recognize 
the County does not provide utility services within its 
jurisdiction and relies on cities, towns, and private 
companies to provide these services.  The County has 
also not adopted development impact fees for non-utility 
services, one of the primary financing tools available to 
local jurisdictions.

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CHAPTER 3: PLAN ELEMENTS
Cost of Development Goal #1: 
Implement policies and procedures that require new 
development to pay its fair share of public infrastructure 
needs generated by the development.
Cost of Development Goal #2: 
Encourage the annexation of new development projects 
to neighboring municipalities to promote more efficient 
development patterns within the WTGA planning area.
Cost of Development Goal #3: 
Plan for the continued funding of new and existing 
facilities and services such as highways and roads, 
public safety, parks, and other community needs within 
the WTGA Planning Area.  
Cost of Development Policy #1:
In the WTGA planning area, Maricopa County supports 
cooperative relationships with municipalities in the 
review of new development projects that may impact 
municipal facilities and services. 
Cost of Development Policy #2:
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
using all tools at the County’s disposal including 
development agreements, community improvement 
districts, intergovernmental agreements, and fee for 
service charges to ensure new development pays its fair 
share of infrastructure costs.
Cost of Development Policy #3:
In the WTGA planning area, Maricopa County supports 
working cooperatively with municipalities to align 
projects that address regional issues. 
Cost of Development Policy #4:
Maricopa County supports coordination with utility 
service providers to ensure ongoing and timely notice of 
proposed projects or newly approved projects.
Cost of Development Policy #5:
Maricopa County supports continued planning of future 
growth trends and patterns in the WTGA planning area 
and analysis of the impact on County services.
Cost of Development Policy #6:
Where feasible and effective, Maricopa County supports 
the development of capital improvement plans through 
applicable County departments and other area entities 
that address ongoing infrastructure and service needs 
within the WTGA planning area.
COST OF DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND POLICIES
The following goals and policies are identified to address the cost of development in the WTGA planning area.
Loop 303 I-10 Interchange, ADOT

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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

» Appendix A: 
	» Appendix B: 
	» Appendix C: 
92	
APPENDICES
Appendices
	» Appendix A: 2000 WTGA Land Uses
	» Appendix B: Community Outreach Materials
	» Appendix C: Development Master Plans (DMPs)
	» Appendix D: Glossary
APPENDICES

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Add Appendices Overview Here
“Transparency does not only 
encompass the mere access to 
information, but also entitlement 
to openness of procedures or even 
outcomes of planning processes 
and their implementation.”
- Jan Polívka and Christa Reicher

94	
APPENDIX A: 2000 WTGA LAND USES
APPENDIX A:  2000 WTGA LAND USES
The following map depicts the future land uses within the WTGA planning area, based both on 2000 WTGA Area Plan 
boundary and/or the comprehensive plan.

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Below are samples of the community engagement materials distributed throughout the planning process. 
Maricopa County Facebook Post
Maricopa County Nextdoor Post

96	
APPENDIX B: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #1, Page 1

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #1, Page 2

98	
APPENDIX B: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #1, Page 3

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APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #1, Page 4

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APPENDIX B: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #1, Page 5

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APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #2, Page 1

102	
APPENDIX B: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #2, Page 2

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #2, Page 3

104	
APPENDIX B: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
APPENDIX B:  COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MATERIALS
Questionnaire #2, Page 4

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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

106	
APPENDIX C: DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLANS (DMPS)
APPENDIX C:  DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLANS (DMPS)
The following Development Master Plans (DMPs) are included in the WTGA Area Plan.
Case Number
DMP Project Name
DMP2004004
Broadstone (Copper Mountain Ranch)
DMP2011002
Broadstone Ranch
DMP2014001
Broadstone Ranch
DMP2008001
Broadstone Ranch (Copper Mountain Ranch)
DMP2001002
Corte Bella (Pleasant Valley CC)
DMP2003009
Cortessa
DMP1999006
Cortessa (White Tank Mountain Ranch)
DMP2013006
Granite Vista
DMP2014003
Granite Vista
DMP2012003
Lake Pleasant 5000
DMP2005012
Lake Pleasant 5000
DMP2018003
Lake Pleasant 5000
DMP2000005
Rancho Cabrillo
DMP2004003
Rancho Cabrillo
DMP2003002
Rancho Cabrillo
DMP2006009
Rancho Cabrillo
DMP2018007
Rancho Cabrillo Parcels G,N, U, and Q
DMP1972002
Sun City
DMP1988005
Sun City West
DMP1977003
Sun City West
DMP2003007
Sun City West (Deer Valley Senior Community)
DMP2000002
White Tank Foothills
DMP2002006
White Tank Foothills
DMP2021001
White Tank Foothills Phase 3
DMP2013004
White Tanks Foothills
DMP1988008
Wigwam Creek
DMP2018010
Windrose
DMP2009002
Zanjero Trails
DMP2002005
Zanjero Trails

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY

108	
APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY
108	
APPENDIX D 
APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY
Active Management Areas (AMA): 
Areas managed by the Arizona Department of Water 
Resources (ADWR) within the State that are subject to 
statutory and administrative regulations regarding the 
use of groundwater.
Affordable Housing: 
Affordable housing is property, whether owned or 
rented, that costs no more than 28 to 30 percent of 
gross household income. 
Annexation: 
Annexation is the incorporation of a land area into an 
existing district or municipality, with a resulting change 
in the boundaries of the annexing jurisdiction. 
Area Plan: 
Plans adopted by Maricopa County for specific subareas 
of the unincorporated county. These plans provide 
basic information on the natural features, resources 
and physical constraints that affect the development 
of the planning area.  They also specify detailed land 
use designations that are used to review specific 
development proposals and plan services and facilities.
Arizona Commerce Authority (ACA):
Arizona’s economic development organization.
Arizona Department of Agriculture (AZDA): 
AZDA supports farming, ranching, and agribusiness 
in Arizona by protecting plants and animals, issuing 
agriculture and environmental licenses, inspecting 
farming practices, and overseeing commerce standards 
and measurement devices.
Arizona Department of Environmental 
Quality (ADEQ): 
ADEQ is a State agency charged with protecting and 
enhancing public health and environment through 
science-based environmental regulation.
Arizona Department of Transportation 
(ADOT): 
ADOT is a state agency responsible for planning, 
constructing and maintaining the State’s transportation 
system. 
Arizona Department of Water Resources 
(ADWR): 
ADWR is a state agency charged with securing long‐
term water supplies for Arizona communities. 
Arizona Game and Fish Department 
(AZGFD): 
AZGFD is the state agency charged with managing the 
conservation of Arizona’s diverse wildlife resources 
and managing safe, compatible outdoor recreation 
opportunities for current and future generations. 
Arizona Public Service (APS): 
The largest electric utility company in Arizona. 
Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS): 
The ARS are state laws passed by the Arizona Legislature. 
Arizona State Land Department (ASLD): 
ASLD is the state agency charted with responsibly 
managing the assets of A multi-generational perpetual 
Trust with the interests of the Beneficiaries and Arizona’s 
future.
Board of Supervisors: 
The Board of Supervisors (BOS) is the elected governing 
board of the Maricopa County who appoint a county 
manager, set the agenda and approve a budget that 
allocates money to all departments and elected offices.

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Buffer: 
A buffer is a method of separating incompatible uses 
(ex. opaque fencing, vegetated berms and dense 
landscaping) or a method of separating uses on a 
sliding scale of intensity (i.e. rural followed by large lot 
residential) so as to shield a significantly lesser intensity 
use from a higher intensity use.  A buffer  may also be 
an area alongside protected or conserved natural open 
spaces in which human activity is restricted to research 
and maintenance of the protected or conserved open 
space in order to mitigate the negative impacts of 
human activity on the land or wildlife. 
Bureau of Land Management (BLM): 
A federal agency tasked with overseeing 247.3 million 
acres of public land that is open to livestock grazing, 
energy production, outdoor recreation, and mining 
operations. 
Bureau of Reclamation (BOR): 
A federal agency tasked with overseeing water resource 
management. 
Capital Improvement: 
A capital improvement is the addition of a permanent 
structural change or the restoration of some aspect of 
a property that will either enhance the property’s overall 
value, prolong its useful life, or adapt it to new uses. 
Individuals, businesses, and cities can make capital 
improvements to the property they own. Some capital 
improvements are given favorable tax treatment and 
may be exempted from sales tax in certain jurisdictions. 
Community Facilities District (CFD): 
A CFD is a financing mechanism for the acquisition, 
construction, operation, and maintenance of public 
infrastructure. 
Community Improvement District (CID): 
Similar to a CFD, public-private partnerships in 
unincorporated areas that fund public infrastructure 
improvements.
Community Water System (CWS)
A water system that serves 15 or more connections used 
year-round by residents for drinking, cooking, bathing, 
and cleaning.
Compatibility: 
Compatibility occurs when the characteristics of 
different uses or activities are harmonious or capable of 
existing or working together without conflict. 
Comprehensive Plan: 
A master or general plan containing guidelines for 
growth and development of the land within a jurisdiction. 
The Comprehensive Plan coordinates policies affecting 
public services, benefits and regulations.  This term may 
also refer to the Maricopa County Comprehensive Plan.
Demographics: 
Statistical data relating to the characteristics of the 
population and subgroups within a population.
Density: 
A numeric average of families, individuals, dwelling units 
or housing structures per unit of land; usually refers to 
dwelling units per acre in the comprehensive plan.
Developer: 
Any person or group of persons or legal entity which 
builds improvements on land, including buildings, 
streets, parking lots, drainage structures and utilities to 
serve buildings.
Dwelling Unit (DU): 
A room or group of rooms (including sleeping, eating, 
cooking, and sanitation facilities) that constitutes an 
independent housekeeping unit, occupied or intended 
for occupancy by one household on a long-term basis.
Ecological Connectivity: 
Ecological connectivity or landscape connectivity is the 
degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes 
species movement between habitat blocks.
Ecosystem: 
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms 
dynamically interacting with each other and with the 
non‐living components of the community, such as 
weather, sun, climate, and atmosphere. 
Flood Hazard Areas: 
Areas in identified floodplain.

110	
APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY
110	
APPENDIX D 
Floodplain: 
The channel and the relatively flat area adjoining the 
channel of a natural stream or river which has been or may 
be covered by floodwater. Land immediately adjoining a 
stream which is inundated when the discharge exceeds 
the conveyance of the normal channel.
Goal: 
A concise statement describing the condition to be 
achieved. It is derived from the core principles of the 
comprehensive plan and the strategic priorities for 
the area and does not suggest specific actions but 
describes a desired outcome. 
Federal Emergency Management Agency 
(FEMA):
FEMA’s 
duties 
include 
the 
development 
and 
administration of the nation’s Flood Insurance Program 
(NFIP). The NFIP develops and adopts flood maps, which 
illustrate flood zones that are used by participating 
communities in regulating the location and design of 
buildings, utilities, and other man‐made improvements.
Future Land Use Map: 
A Future Land Use Map is a diagram that designates 
the type, distribution, and intensity/density of land uses 
allowed in the MPA. 
Greater Phoenix Economic Council (GPEC): 
Phoenix regional group that works to attract and grow 
businesses and advocate for Greater Phoenix area.
Groundwater: 
Water that is underground, beneath the land surface.
Growth Area: 
A growth area describes the location, types of land use, 
and land use intensities desired for the White Tanks Grand 
Avenue area. Additionally, this identifies areas within 
the White Tanks Grand Avenue area that are particularly 
suitable for planned multimodal transportation and 
infrastructure expansion and improvements designed 
to support a planned concentration of a variety of uses. 
Habitat: 
The sum of environmental conditions of a specific 
place that is occupied by an organism, a population or 
a community.
Household: 
The person or persons occupying a housing unit.
Housing Unit: 
A house, apartment, mobile home or trailer, group of 
rooms, or single room occupied as a separate living 
quarter or, if vacant, intended for occupancy as a 
separate living quarter. Separate living quarters are 
those in which the occupants live and eat separately 
from any other persons in the building and which have 
direct access from the outside of the building or through 
a common hall.
Homeowner Association (HOA): 
HOAs are organizations in a subdivision or planned 
community that create and enforce rules for the 
properties within the community. 
Hunter-gatherers: 
Nomadic people who lived exclusively on wild food, 
attained by hunting, fishing, or foraging wild foods.
Improvement District (ID): 
An ID is a district comprised of property owners who 
desire improvement to their properties, such as water, 
sewer, or roadway infrastructure, which are financed 
through bonds, ad valorem, or equally apportioned 
secondary taxes pursuant to Title 48 of the ARS. 
Incorporated Area: 
An incorporated area is a geographic area that has 
legally defined municipal boundaries. 
Industrial Development Authority (IDA): 
A Maricopa County group that provides private borrowers 
funding for infrastructure projects.

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WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Infrastructure: 
Facilities and services needed to sustain any type of 
development – residential, commercial or industrial 
activities. Includes water and sewer lines, streets, 
electrical power, fire and police stations, etc.
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS): 
An system that analyses data, and utilizes sensing and 
analysis to improve efficiency, and safety of ground 
transportation.
Intergovernmental Agreement: 
An intergovernmental agreement is an agreement 
between units of government to combine their resources 
to provide governmental services and perform activities 
for the benefit of their constituents. 
Land Use: 
Land use is the occupation or use of a land or water area 
for any human activity or any purpose defined in the 
Comprehensive Plan. 
Level of Service (LoS): 
A measure used to calculate the quality of motor vehicle 
traffic service.
Local First Arizona: 
An Arizona nonprofit organization with a focus on 
community and economic development.
Low Impact Development (LID): 
A planning and engineering practice that mimics natural 
processes in order to manage stormwater.
Luke Air Force Base (LAFB): 
LAFB is a United States Air Force base in Maricopa 
County located within the planning area.
Maricopa Associations of Government 
(MAG): 
MAG provides a forum for local governments to work 
together on issues that affect the lives of everyone in 
the greater Phoenix region. Member Agencies include 
27 cities and towns, 3 Native nations, Maricopa County, 
portions of Pinal County, and the Arizona Department of 
Transportation. Our planning area encompasses about 
10,600 square miles.
Maricopa County Department of 
Transportation (MCDOT): 
MCDOT plans, designs, constructs, and maintains 
roadways primarily within the unincorporated areas of 
the county.
Master Planned Community (MPC): 
A MPC is a planned community with its own land uses, 
intensities and densities, and design standards. 
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): 
A standard set by the EPA that pertains to drinking water.
Municipality: 
An administrative area that can include a city, town, or 
group of towns.
Natural Open Space: 
Natural open spaces are swaths of land that are 
undeveloped.
Natural Resources: 
Elements relating to land, water, air, plant and animal 
life, and the interrelationship of those elements. Natural 
resources include soils, geology, topography, floodplains, 
vegetation, wildlife, surface and groundwater, and 
aquifer recharge zones. 
Neighborhood: 
An area of a community with characteristics that 
distinguish it from other community areas and which 
may include distinct ethnic or economic characteristics, 
schools, or social clubs, or boundaries defined by 
physical barriers such as major highways and railroads 
or natural features such as rivers.
Non-Site-Based Employment:
Workers that are not located at one site; examples 
include temporary workers, and workers involved in 
construction, landscape, and janitorial services.

112	
APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY
112	
APPENDIX D 
Particulate Matter: 
Microscopic liquid or solid droplets that when inhaled or 
ingested can cause serious health problems.
Petroglyphs: 
Images created on rock surfaces by prehistoric people. 
Planning and Zoning Commission: 
The Commission makes recommendations to the 
Board of Supervisors on rezoning, special use permits, 
military compatibility, and plan of development 
applications, amendments to the Zoning Ordinance, 
development master plans, and comprehensive plans. 
The Commission may approve preliminary plats, grant 
requests for initiative or rezoning applications, and 
accept status reports on Special Use Permits.
Policy: 
A specific statement derived from the goals to guide 
public and private decision making. 
Population Density: 
The number of people in a given area. The number may 
be obtained by multiplying the number of dwellings per 
acre by the number of residents per dwelling.
Potable Water: 
Water suitable for drinking.
Quality of Life: 
Quality of life is the degree to which individuals perceive 
themselves as able to function physically, emotionally, 
and socially. Quality of life includes all aspects of 
community life that have a direct influence on the 
physical and mental health of its members. 
Reclamation: 
In context of wastewater, converting the wastewater 
(sewage) into water that can be reused.
Renewable Energy Resource: 
A renewable energy resource is a resource of economic 
value that can be readily replaced. Renewable Energy 
Resources are either not depleted or can be regenerated 
when used, such as biomass or wind, hydroelectric, 
solar, or tidal power. 
Right-of-way: 
A strip of land occupied or intended to be occupied by 
certain transportation and public use facilities, such as 
roadways, railroads and utility lines.
Salt River Project (SRP): 
A community based not for profit power utility, and 
largest water provider to the Phoenix Metropolitan area. 
Scenic Corridor: 
A designated area or roadway with recognized high 
quality visual amenities that include background vistas 
of mountains, open country or city.
Special Floord Hazard Area (SFHA): 
A geographic area deemed hazardous due to potential 
for flooding, mudflow, or erosion related to flooding.
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO): 
A division of Arizona State Parks charged with the 
identification, evaluation, protection, and enhancement 
of historic artifacts and architecture that are significant 
to the State of Arizona and the United States.
Subdivision: 
Improved or unimproved land or lands divided or 
proposed to be divided for the purpose of sale or lease, 
whether immediate or future, into six or more lots, 
parcels or fractional interests.
Subsidence: 
The gradual settling or sinking of the earth’s surface 
with little or no horizontal motion. Subsidence is usually 
the result of water extraction from underground supplies 
and not the result of a landslide or slope failure.
Surface water: 
Water that collects on top of land forms, creating 
terrestrial waterbodies.

113
WHITE TANK GRAND AVENUE AREA PLAN   |   MARICOPA COUNTY
Sustainability: 
Sustainability is the property of biological systems to 
remain diverse and productive indefinitely. Sustainability 
encompasses human systems, including economy and 
development and biological systems. Sustainability 
manifests in policies, programs, and initiatives that 
support sustaining biodiversity and long‐term ecological 
health necessary for the indefinite survival of humans 
and other organisms. 
Sustainable Development: 
Sustainable 
development 
is 
development 
acknowledging sustainability in four interconnected 
domains: ecology, economics, politics, and culture. 
Sustainable development can be viewed as a holistic 
approach and process to achieve sustainability. 
Threatened Species: 
Any species or subspecies which is likely to become 
endangered within the foreseeable future because 
serious threats have been identified and populations are 
(a) lower than they are historically or (b) extremely local 
and small.
Unincorporated Area: 
An unincorporated area is a geographic area that does 
not have legally defined municipal boundaries. 
United States Department of Agriculture 
(USDA): 
The USDA is the US agency providing leadership on 
food, agriculture, natural resources, rural development, 
and nutrition. 
United States Environmental Protection 
Agency (EPA): 
The EPA is a US agency charged with protecting human 
and environmental health. 
Utilities: 
The company that owns and maintains electricity and 
gas delivery equipment.
Vision Statement: 
A vision statement describes a future ideal state. 
Wastewater: 
Includes sewage and all other liquid waste substances 
associated with human habitation, or of human or 
animal origin, or from any producing, manufacturing or 
processing operation of whatever nature.
Watershed: 
A watershed is an area of land that drains rainfall and 
snow melts to a common outlet, such as a reservoir 
or stream channel. The watershed consists of surface 
waters as well as groundwater. 
Water Treatment Plant: 
A water treatment plant is a facility that processes (or 
treats) water to make it potable. 
WESTMARC: 
The Western Maricopa Coalition is a public-private 
partnership that addresses issues related to the West 
Valley’s economic prosperity.
Zoning: 
Zoning describes the regulatory control of the use of land 
and buildings within a jurisdictional boundary. Areas of 
land are divided by appropriate authorities into zones 
within which various uses are permitted and regulated. 
The Comprehensive Plan does not create or speak to 
zoning districts, but zoning ultimately implements the 
comprehensive plan.

Final Hearing Draft  | White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan
W H I T E 
T A N K 
G R A N D 
AVENUE

From:
Curtis Arnett
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
10 11 2023 White Tanks Grand Avenue Plan
Date:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 12:12:08 PM
Mr. Cannon,
Thank you for your phone time of yesterday on the WTGA plan in progress.  Pasted below are
Wickenburg Dark Sky Association’s current comments.  Looking forward to virtual meeting of
October 16.
Best wishes,
CA
 
 
WICKENBURG DARK SKY ASSOCIATION
P.O. BOX 967
WICKENBURG, ARIZONA 85358
928.671.8335
wickenburgdarksky.org
 
 
October 11, 2023
 
 
Adam Cannon, Senior Planner                                                   Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov
Maricopa County White Tank Grand Avenue Plan
 
 
 
This letter is a follow through on the Wickenburg Dark Sky Association’s letter of September 27
expressing support for the County’s White Tanks Grand Avenue plan in progress, with special
support for the proposition that  Light pollution should be limited to protect dark skies.
 
The Association believes the proposed Dark Sky protection should extend to all parts of the planning
area under consideration.
 
The Association also believes Dark Sky protection should extend to all areas of the County under
County jurisdiction.
 
The Association greatly appreciates the County’s outreach in this White Tank Grand Avenue matter.
 
 
WTGA Meeting Committee
 
 
 
Curtis Arnett               Walter Thomas          
 
 
 
 
Copy    Clint Hickman, Supervisor, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors

Board of Directors:  Barbara Abakonczyk, President; Theresa Dolan, Secretary;
Kimberly Wilkins, Treasurer; Elizabeth Wagner-Anast;
Curtis Arnett; Don Hoover; Walter Thomas

Comment IDate posted
User name
User email
Comment
12287 10/18/2023 - 1:57pm
Ron Miller
k7opa@outlook.com
Why is Wickenburg excluded?
12149 10/16/2023 - 6:15pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
These population projections cannot be substantiated. Here is a university forecast showing deceleration of AZ population after 2020. 
The water, heat, dust, air quallity and costs are factors in this deceleration.  See exhibit 4....  https://eller.arizona.edu/departments-
research/centers-labs/economic-business-research/arizona-economic-
outlook#:~:text=Population%20growth%20decelerates%20in%202023,down%20from%201.7%25%20in%202022.
12779 11/02/2023 - 11:48am
Carolyn Hayes 
carolyn.hayes@outlook.com
Why do you keep building when we don't have enough water? Build somewhere where there is water, not where we need water.
12150 10/16/2023 - 6:26pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
"The city of Surprise and the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) are planning a major transportation study to improve 
travel along Grand Avenue, a highway that runs across the West Valley from downtown Phoenix to rural areas northwest of Surprise.
The new study will assess current and future travel for an 18-mile stretch of Grand Avenue from the Loop 303 up north to the State 
Route 74 — an area that's expected to see substantial growth over the next few decades."  
Sounds like annexation by Surprise in order to justify this study.
https://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2023/10/13/grand-ave-us-60-surprise-wittmann-74-mag-study.html
12151 10/16/2023 - 6:31pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
Read this report. It is pretty obvious that AZ "leaders" are allowing CA trucks to use AZ as a trucking corridor for the sake of jobs. 
Details on the contents of these CA shipments need clarification but much goes on to Texas. Improvements in the route for example 
could help. Many ideas could reduce this traffic flow ... Why spend billions on roads for California's benefit?  Transportation and 
Logistics - Arizona Department of Transportation https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/2019/08/transportation-and-logistics.pdf
12152 10/16/2023 - 6:35pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
The obvious use of this I-11 is to facilitate truck traffic to/from Mexico. Why? Because AZ is fallowing farmland, so all of the state's 
food may eventually come from the southern hemisphere through Mexico. Thus the state's food independence is lost. Furthermore, 
the 2000' right-of-way will destroy pristine desert..  Court has moved that lawsuit can go forward ...  Read this report. It is pretty 
obvious that AZ "leaders" are allowing CA trucks to use AZ as a trucking corridor for the sake of jobs. Details on the contents of these 
CA shipments need clarification but much goes on to Texas. Improvements in the route for example could help. Many ideas could 
reduce this traffic flow ...Transportation and Logistics - Arizona Department of Transportation 
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/2019/08/transportation-and-logistics.pdf
12153 10/16/2023 - 6:39pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
This section makes no sense. PVNGS has been in place for 30 years and makes the a/c that is necessary for life in the desert bearable 
as temps increase. The plant has been granted lifetime extensions until  2045, 2046 and 2047.   By then there will be improvements in 
nuclear.  https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-nuclear-paloverde/nrc-extends-life-of-largest-u-s-nuclear-station-
idUSTRE73K7PV20110421
12156 10/16/2023 - 6:53pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
Peoria shut down one its wells due to PFOA contamination. This article is protected, but the city official indicated the well has been 
taken off-line and a new water source will be needed.   https://www.yourvalley.net/peoria-independent/stories/city-closes-water-
well-with-detected-forever-chemicals,454065
12154 10/16/2023 - 6:41pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
Subsidence:  stop using groundwater. Period. 
12155 10/16/2023 - 6:45pm
Sheryl Hamlin
sherylhamlin@gmail.com
Employment growth is using an old model. Many jobs will disappear because of AI and other productivity techniques particularly 
factory automation as manufacturing is repatriated.  The recent jobs report showed the growth in one person holding multiple jobs 
which will not driving housing development.  This chart should be overlayed with the populatio increase.

1
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Monday, November 6, 2023 9:39 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Reminder - White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan - Planning and Zoning Commission Hearing 
Notice
Attachments:
image001.png
Thanks. 
 
On Mon, Nov 6, 2023, 8:58 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Hi Sheryl, 
  
Please see the attached document for a comment compilation.  These will be shared with the Commission as part of 
the report. Also, I wanted to make sure that we responded to your comments as they are important to us: 
  
1. Population Projections – It is my understanding that MAG contracts with the University of Arizona and this 
division for its projections.  They have a fairly complex methodology that they use.  It is available here: 
https://azmag.gov/Portals/0/Maps‐Data/Population‐Housing/MAG‐Socioeconomic‐Projections‐
Documentation‐2023.pdf?ver=3cOa1Ng8dTVMUtQkS9axPg%3d%3d. 
2. As you know, the County cannot control annexation as it is an agreement between a private property owner and 
an incorporated community.  There are laws associated with how an annexation can occur in Arizona Revised 
Statutes.  What we can and have done is placed policies within the plan geared at preserving rural areas within 
County jurisdiction or buffering more intensive uses with open space or rural.  Ultimately, this plan is guidelines 
that we hope the decision makers are able to use when considering new development. 
3. Much of the development associated with fulfillment and delivery is occurring (or has occurred) along the 
303.  Decision makers do consider this as economic and job centers for the West Valley.  The reason why these 
companies are locating here are primarily associated with the current tax environment in California and 
available land in Arizona.   
4. There has been a longstanding movement to create a Canada to Mexico trade route with Arizona being one of 
the states as part of this route; however, the proposed I‐11 has several issues preventing its development at 
the moment – namely, funding.  Even if those issues are resolved, it will be a great deal of time before the 
freeway is developed – 10 to 15 years, if it develops. 
5. The section on Palo Verde briefly highlights potential hazards as there is a hazard‐mitigation component to the 
plan.  I don’t think anyone here thinks there is any real danger with the plant or believes that nuclear power is 
unsafe.  We are just highlighting that there is an ingestion area that does affect the plan area. 
6. Water quality is regulated by the ADEQ. The County supports improved levels of water quality and there is a 
policy in the plan associated with low‐impact development techniques.   
7. I personally agree with you in regards to automation; however, this is across the board and not just limited to 
this area plan or community.  There are still a large number of jobs where people will commute from the area 
and that’s part of the difference between population and employment growth.

2
Thanks.  Please let me know if you have any questions. 
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Monday, November 6, 2023 8:08 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: Reminder ‐ White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Planning and Zoning Commission Hearing Notice 
  
thanks. have you made a version with the compilation of comments? 
  
On Mon, Nov 6, 2023 at 8:04 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning all: 
  
A Planning and Zoning Commission Hearing on the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan will be held on November 
16, 2023 at 9:30 a.m. in person in the Board of Supervisors Auditorium at 205 W. Jefferson St., Phoenix, AZ 85003 
and virtual via Go To Webinar.

3
You may register for virtual attendance at the following link: 
https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/1154276537865486425 
After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar. 
  
Also, don’t miss out on your chance to comment on the draft plan! Visit https://plan.konveio.com/white‐tank‐grand‐
avenue‐area‐plan‐public‐draft or visit our website at https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐
Area‐Plan and click on the Participate tab for instructions on how to comment.   
  
Best regards, 
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

4
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Monday, November 6, 2023 8:08 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Reminder - White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan - Planning and Zoning Commission Hearing 
Notice
thanks. have you made a version with the compilation of comments? 
 
On Mon, Nov 6, 2023 at 8:04 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning all: 
  
A Planning and Zoning Commission Hearing on the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan will be held on November 16, 
2023 at 9:30 a.m. in person in the Board of Supervisors Auditorium at 205 W. Jefferson St., Phoenix, AZ 85003 and 
virtual via Go To Webinar.   
  
You may register for virtual attendance at the following link: 
https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/1154276537865486425 
After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar. 
  
Also, don’t miss out on your chance to comment on the draft plan! Visit https://plan.konveio.com/white‐tank‐grand‐
avenue‐area‐plan‐public‐draft or visit our website at https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐
Area‐Plan and click on the Participate tab for instructions on how to comment.   
  
Best regards, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292

5
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

6
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Friday, November 3, 2023 1:23 PM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Subject:
Hamlin Comments on Direct Potable Reuse of wastewater (DPR)
Attachments:
AZDEQ_DPR_Hamlin_20231103.pdf
AZDEQ is currently writing state regulations for toilet‐to‐tap. The Phoenix mayor has expressed her desire to implement 
by 2030. 
 
Here is the permanent link to the Hamlin Commentary on DPR. 
 
https://roathdesign.com/azdocs/AZDEQ_DPR_Hamlin_20231103.pdf 
 
The file is attached in the event you cannot download.

7
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Greg Loper <greg.loper@peoriaaz.gov>
Sent:
Thursday, November 2, 2023 12:47 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
RE: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan - Virtual Community Meeting TODAY
Thanks Adam – I may have some minor comments on the draft plan, which I’ll send to you asap. 
 
Great work on it! 
 
Greg Loper, AICP 
Parks & Natural Resources Senior Planner 
Strategic Planning 
O: 623-773-4613 
M: 602-550-7004 
Greg.Loper@PeoriaAz.gov 
 
City of Peoria | Planning Department 
9875 N. 85th Avenue, Peoria, AZ 85345  
Monday through Thursday, 7am to 6pm | Closed Friday 
PeoriaAZ.gov/planning 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Thursday, November 2, 2023 12:04 PM 
To: Greg Loper <greg.loper@peoriaaz.gov> 
Subject: RE: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting TODAY 
 
 
 ❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜This email arrived from an external source. Please exercise caution when opening 
attachments or clicking on links.❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜  
 
Hi Greg, 
 
Attached is a copy of the powerpoint presentation from the last meeting and quick summary sheets from the 
last two meetings. 
 
Thanks, 
 
 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

8
 
From: Greg Loper <greg.loper@peoriaaz.gov>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2023 12:57 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: RE: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting TODAY 
 
Thanks Adam! 
 
Greg Loper, AICP 
Parks & Natural Resources Senior Planner 
Strategic Planning 
O: 623-773-4613 
M: 602-550-7004 
Greg.Loper@PeoriaAz.gov 
 
City of Peoria | Planning Department 
9875 N. 85th Avenue, Peoria, AZ 85345  
Monday through Thursday, 7am to 6pm | Closed Friday 
PeoriaAZ.gov/planning 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2023 12:39 PM 
To: Greg Loper <greg.loper@peoriaaz.gov> 
Subject: RE: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting TODAY 
 
 
 ❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜This email arrived from an external source. Please exercise caution when 
opening attachments or clicking on links.❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜  
No worries.  Hope youre better!  Our consultant is working on a summary sheet and I’ll send that along 
to you with a PDF of their presentation.   
 
Thanks, 
 
 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
 
 
 
From: Greg Loper <greg.loper@peoriaaz.gov>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2023 11:47 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: RE: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting TODAY 
 
Adam – Unfortunately I missed the meeting this past Monday due to the flu! Is there a quick 
summary sheet and/or any handouts that you can send me?

9
 
Thanks in advance! 
 
Greg Loper, AICP 
Parks & Natural Resources Senior Planner 
Strategic Planning 
O: 623-773-4613 
M: 602-550-7004 
Greg.Loper@PeoriaAz.gov 
 
City of Peoria | Planning Department 
9875 N. 85th Avenue, Peoria, AZ 85345  
Monday through Thursday, 7am to 6pm | Closed Friday 
PeoriaAZ.gov/planning 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Monday, October 16, 2023 2:56 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting TODAY 
 
 
 ❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜This email arrived from an external source. Please exercise 
caution when opening attachments or clicking on links.❚
❛
❜❚
❛
❜  
Good afternoon all: 
 
As a reminder, we holding a Virtual Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan update today from 5:30 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.  If you haven’t yet registered for 
the virtual meeting, you may do so at this link: 
https://us06web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZAsd‐ytpjIrHdTt2c2fB‐
lu5RMLAf9VhlH9#/registration. 
 
Tonight’s meeting will present the draft area plan which is now available online for public 
comment.  Please visit the following link to comment on the draft plan: 
https://plan.konveio.com/white‐tank‐grand‐avenue‐area‐plan‐public‐draft or visit our website 
at https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐Area‐Plan and click on the 
Participate tab for instructions on how to comment.   
 
Thank you.  We look forward to seeing you there! 
 
Best regards, 
 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

10
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Wednesday, November 1, 2023 10:04 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
RE: 10 31 2023
 
Thanks, Adam – 
Info is much appreciated 
C 
 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Wednesday, November 1, 2023 7:55 AM 
To: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net> 
Subject: RE: 10 31 2023 
 
Good morning CurƟs, 
 
At this point we will be noƟfying individuals of the Planning and Zoning Commission hearing and Board of Supervisors 
hearing, but there are no new documents for us to release.  We are taking the plan draŌ forward to the Commission. 
 
Best regards, 
 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
 
 
 
 
From: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 5:15 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: RE: 10 31 2023 
 
 
Good informaƟon.  View from here is that the high percentage does not make full agreement a slam dunk but 
substanƟates that it is a topic worth talking about. 
Will there be further similar informaƟon released as the process conƟnues? 
Hope it all goes well. 
Much appreciaƟon 
CurƟs

11
 
 
Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 2:06 PM 
To: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net> 
Subject: RE: 10 31 2023 
 
CurƟs, 
 
Out of 25 people who parƟcipated in the live poll at the Morristown meeƟng, 96% agreed with the statement “Light 
polluƟon should be limited to protect dark skies.” 60 people aƩended the meeƟng, but not all aƩendees parƟcipated in 
the live polling.  
 
Thanks, 
Adam 
 
From: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 1:37 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: 10 31 2023 
 
Adam, good aŌernoon – 
First, I want to tell you thanks for sending the color draŌ of the WTGA Plan.  I have dipped into it variously especially the 
parts involving Dark Sky.  Overall, a fine piece of work!  Very helpful! 
Next, inevitably, a quesƟon.  At the Morristown meeƟng there was a survey on agree/neutral/disagree with the 
proposiƟon Light polluƟon should be limited to protect dark skies.  Could you let me know what the numbers were or 
are?  I recognize that it’s a small sample not random &c but believe the size of the posiƟve response is a posiƟve 
indicator.  Any informaƟon/comment as you can will be appreciated. 
CurƟs

12
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 31, 2023 5:15 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
RE: 10 31 2023
 
Good informaƟon.  View from here is that the high percentage does not make full agreement a slam dunk but 
substanƟates that it is a topic worth talking about. 
Will there be further similar informaƟon released as the process conƟnues? 
Hope it all goes well. 
Much appreciaƟon 
CurƟs 
 
 
 
Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 2:06 PM 
To: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net> 
Subject: RE: 10 31 2023 
 
CurƟs, 
 
Out of 25 people who parƟcipated in the live poll at the Morristown meeƟng, 96% agreed with the statement “Light 
polluƟon should be limited to protect dark skies.” 60 people aƩended the meeƟng, but not all aƩendees parƟcipated in 
the live polling.  
 
Thanks, 
Adam 
 
From: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 1:37 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: 10 31 2023 
 
Adam, good aŌernoon – 
First, I want to tell you thanks for sending the color draŌ of the WTGA Plan.  I have dipped into it variously especially the 
parts involving Dark Sky.  Overall, a fine piece of work!  Very helpful! 
Next, inevitably, a quesƟon.  At the Morristown meeƟng there was a survey on agree/neutral/disagree with the 
proposiƟon Light polluƟon should be limited to protect dark skies.  Could you let me know what the numbers were or 
are?  I recognize that it’s a small sample not random &c but believe the size of the posiƟve response is a posiƟve 
indicator.  Any informaƟon/comment as you can will be appreciated. 
CurƟs

13
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 31, 2023 1:37 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
10 31 2023
Adam, good aŌernoon – 
First, I want to tell you thanks for sending the color draŌ of the WTGA Plan.  I have dipped into it variously especially the 
parts involving Dark Sky.  Overall, a fine piece of work!  Very helpful! 
Next, inevitably, a quesƟon.  At the Morristown meeƟng there was a survey on agree/neutral/disagree with the 
proposiƟon Light polluƟon should be limited to protect dark skies.  Could you let me know what the numbers were or 
are?  I recognize that it’s a small sample not random &c but believe the size of the posiƟve response is a posiƟve 
indicator.  Any informaƟon/comment as you can will be appreciated. 
CurƟs

14
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
dlhunter@cox.net
Sent:
Monday, October 30, 2023 4:09 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
'Terri Hogan'; 'McKayla Dunfey'
Subject:
RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans 
Hello Again Adam, 
You are spot on about "induced demand." In Houston, the freeway projects always came several years too late. We 
would joke about the fact that a freeway opening, or expansion was no good because it would be immediately 
congested the day it was opened. 
Good luck with the WTGA project, I really like your approach to reduce any induced demand. 
Regards, 
David 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 1:16 PM 
To: dlhunter@cox.net 
Cc: 'Terri Hogan' <thogan@logansimpson.com>; 'McKayla Dunfey' 
<mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Hi David, 
 
The Katy Freeway is one of the most prominent examples of "induced demand", which is that if you add capacity to a 
congested facility it will both encourage more trips during peak times that were previously being made at other times 
and increases the overall number of daily trips. This induced demand ultimately undoes all the initial benefit from the 
new capacity and leads to even more negative effects than there were previously (like pollution and noise). 
 
The WTGA Plan aims to avoid this induced demand trap in a couple of ways. 
First, we want to increase options for routes that people can take so that congested roadways (like US 60) do not need 
to be continuously expanded. For example, longer‐intercity trips that are currently on US 60 could use the SR 
74 and future I‐11 corridors which would alleviate some demand on US 60. For shorter trips, we encourage building out 
the roadway network in growth areas so that there are multiple options; if there is congestion or a crash on one route, 
there are alternatives. Second, we want pedestrian, bicycle, and golf cart infrastructure investments to make it safer and 
more comfortable for people to make short trips using something other than a vehicle which also reduces congestion 
and pollution while improving safety and public health. 
 
Best regards, 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602‐372‐0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov 
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

15
 
 
 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: dlhunter@cox.net <dlhunter@cox.net>  
Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 9:05 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: 'Terri Hogan' <thogan@logansimpson.com>; 'McKayla Dunfey' 
<mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Hi Adam, 
Many thanks for your prompt reply. One reason for my message is because I 
visited and worked in the Houston area for many years. During that time, 
I‐10 west, the Katy Freeway, grew from a 4 lane divided highway to a monster 
of 5‐6 lanes in each direction with a toll road in the middle! It seemed 
that every 2‐3 years another lane was being added. 
If you search the internet for "Katy Tollway" you will see what has happened 
to a freeway where attempts have been made to keep up with crazy population 
and industrial growth has occurred. Could this happen in the WTGA expansion 
area? 
Enjoy, 
David Hunter 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: David L Hunter <dlhunter@cox.net> 
Cc: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey 
<mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Good morning David, 
 
Thank you for your feedback.  I've shared this with our consultant who's 
working on the plan.  There is a transportation section in the plan with 
goals associated with mitigating congestion.  The plan also references 
corridor improvements and interchange improvements along Grand Avenue at the 
303. 
 
Best regards, 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602‐372‐0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov 
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

16
 
 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: David L Hunter <dlhunter@cox.net>  
Sent: Saturday, October 28, 2023 10:16 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Hello Adam, 
I live in Sun City West. Recently I was at the intersection of Grand and SR 
303 attempting to turn south from Grand Avenue onto the 303. There was so 
much traffic coming off 303 attempting to go west on Grand that I had to 
wait several minutes for the intersection to clear. This happened at noon on 
Monday and suggests that traffic issues need to be addressed very soon. 
Regards, 
David Hunter 
Cell/text: 623‐363‐5581 
 
Sent from my iPhone

17
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
dlhunter@cox.net
Sent:
Monday, October 30, 2023 9:05 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
'Terri Hogan'; 'McKayla Dunfey'
Subject:
RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans 
Hi Adam, 
Many thanks for your prompt reply. One reason for my message is because I visited and worked in the Houston area for 
many years. During that time, 
I‐10 west, the Katy Freeway, grew from a 4 lane divided highway to a monster of 5‐6 lanes in each direction with a toll 
road in the middle! It seemed that every 2‐3 years another lane was being added. 
If you search the internet for "Katy Tollway" you will see what has happened to a freeway where attempts have been 
made to keep up with crazy population and industrial growth has occurred. Could this happen in the WTGA expansion 
area? 
Enjoy, 
David Hunter 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: David L Hunter <dlhunter@cox.net> 
Cc: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: RE: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Good morning David, 
 
Thank you for your feedback.  I've shared this with our consultant who's working on the plan.  There is a transportation 
section in the plan with goals associated with mitigating congestion.  The plan also references corridor improvements 
and interchange improvements along Grand Avenue at the 303. 
 
Best regards, 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602‐372‐0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov 
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
 
 
 
 
‐‐‐‐‐Original Message‐‐‐‐‐ 
From: David L Hunter <dlhunter@cox.net>  
Sent: Saturday, October 28, 2023 10:16 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>

18
Subject: White Tank Grand Ave Plans  
 
Hello Adam, 
I live in Sun City West. Recently I was at the intersection of Grand and SR 
303 attempting to turn south from Grand Avenue onto the 303. There was so 
much traffic coming off 303 attempting to go west on Grand that I had to 
wait several minutes for the intersection to clear. This happened at noon on 
Monday and suggests that traffic issues need to be addressed very soon. 
Regards, 
David Hunter 
Cell/text: 623‐363‐5581 
 
Sent from my iPhone

19
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
David L Hunter <dlhunter@cox.net>
Sent:
Saturday, October 28, 2023 10:16 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
White Tank Grand Ave Plans 
Hello Adam, 
I live in Sun City West. Recently I was at the intersection of Grand and SR 303 attempting to turn south from Grand 
Avenue onto the 303. There was so much traffic coming off 303 attempting to go west on Grand that I had to wait 
several minutes for the intersection to clear. This happened at noon on Monday and suggests that traffic issues need to 
be addressed very soon. 
Regards, 
David Hunter 
Cell/text: 623‐363‐5581 
 
Sent from my iPhone

20
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, October 26, 2023 8:05 AM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Cc:
AZEVPlan - ADOT
Subject:
Mega-Jolt: The Costs and Logistics of Plugging In EVs Are About to Become Supercharged
https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/articles/2023/10/24/mega‐
jolt_the_costs_and_logistics_of_plugging_in_evs_are_about_to_become_supercharged_987493.html#%2Ffind%2Fnear
est%3Fcountry=US  
 
Worth reading. Thought provoking article. 
 
Tip of the iceberg.  Nothing is said about the grid architectural and capacity upgrade which will be required. Rows of 
windmills and acres of solar panels are preferred by enviros but nuclear and pumped storage hydro offer best value for 
the money IMHO. 
 
Ideally the dangerous lithium battery will be a museum relic in the future as new technologies evolve. 
 
The CA numbers are staggering. Article is silent on security. 
 
And the realities have more to do with urbanized living. Bigger topic.

21
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Sambrookes <srs2az@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 18, 2023 2:50 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: White Tank Grand Ave Area Plan Input
Thank you. I have reviewed the draft copy of the plan. I do appreciate knowing how I can watch the meeting online.  
 
Sheryl  
 
 
On Wed, Oct 18, 2023 at 2:11 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon Sheryl, 
  
Thank you for sharing this.  We’ve posted the meeting online at  https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐
Avenue‐Area‐Plan and you can watch it if you click the “Resources” tab. Also, available is a draft copy of the plan at 
https://plan.konveio.com/white‐tank‐grand‐avenue‐area‐plan‐public‐draft.  It addresses transportation policy 
associated with congestion as it is an issue that continues to arise and we’ve continued to hear about from citizens. 
  
Thank you, 
  
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

22
  
  
From: Sheryl Sambrookes <srs2az@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2023 12:19 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: White Tank Grand Ave Area Plan Input 
  
Good afternoon Adam,  
  
I just wanted to add some input on the future of the Grand Ave area. I signed up for the zoom meeting on Monday. 
However, due to one of the area's biggest concerns which is traffic problems, I was unable to get home from shopping 
and get ready in time to attend. The off ramp to Grand from the 303 southbound was closed due to an overturned 
truck. My husband and I had to continue on to exit on Bell Rd to reverse course on the 303. Then the off ramp to Grand 
from northbound 303 was so backed up that we continued on all the way to Lake Pleasant Pkwy where we exited to 
drive north to the Carefree Hwy and return home. By the time we got home and started unloading groceries, it was 
already almost 5:30. I turned on the meeting but did not have time to sit in front of the computer. I planned to just 
listen while I put groceries away, etc., but I didn't know if I could just turn on the audio portion to do that, or if I had to 
be identified by sitting in front of my computer. Not having the time to figure it out, I just exited the meeting. The next 
morning I read much of the information about the plan online. 
  
The projected growth for this area (another 285,700 people by 2040) is beyond overwhelming for those of us who 
currently live here. The implications of the BNSF plans especially will transform the area. I wrote about our concerns to 
the Surprise City Council prior to their BNSF vote. Rather than rewrite them, I am attaching a copy of the email to you 
as it addresses our greatest concerns for the Grand Ave area.  
  
Even now, prior to this proposed massive expansion, the desert seems to be suffering as we've noticed more saguaro 
cacti falling over, like the beautiful crowned one in the attached photo, found early last month after the excessively hot 
summer. We've witnessed wildlife suffering this summer too. The desert is a unique and fragile ecosystem. Even cacti 
have their limits. It is very disturbing to think about how the negative effects of development on the desert will expand 
and escalate in the future.   
  
Sincerely, 
  
Sheryl Sambrookes 
Morristown

24
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 18, 2023 12:55 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
RE: 2023 WTGA Plan Copy Availabilitiy
 
 
Adam, 
Thank you for your kind reply. 
I would like to receive a color printed copy of the WTGA draŌ plan and appreciate that is a draŌ unƟl approved as you 
have indicated. 
Shipping address is  CurƟs ArneƩ, PO Box 1073, Wickenburg, AZ 85358. 
Looking forward to reviewing on behalf of Wickenburg Dark Skky AssociaƟon. 
AppreciaƟon 
CurƟs 
 
 
 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2023 8:56 AM 
To: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net> 
Subject: RE: 2023 WTGA Plan Copy Availabilitiy 
 
CurƟs, 
 
We can send you a plan to your address or have you come and pick it up here at 301 W. Jefferson St., Suite 170 Phoenix, 
AZ 85003.  Just a note though, this isn’t the final plan.  It’s only a draŌ.  We sƟll have to send it through the Commission 
and Board before we have an approved final document.   
 
Thanks, 
Adam 
 
From: Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 17, 2023 2:46 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: 2023 WTGA Plan Copy Availabilitiy 
 
 
Adam, 
I would like to obtain a copy, color, of the new 2023 WTGA plan as released yesterday.  My color prinƟng is limited, and 
having an original with colors would be very helpful.  I’ll be happy to purchase. 
Could you let me know how to go about this? 
A poinƟng in the  right direcƟon as you can will be appreciated. 
Thanks 
CurƟs

25
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Sambrookes <srs2az@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 18, 2023 12:19 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
White Tank Grand Ave Area Plan Input
Attachments:
Resized_20230909_112525.jpeg; Letter to Surprise City Council BNSF 2023_0223.pdf
Good afternoon Adam,  
 
I just wanted to add some input on the future of the Grand Ave area. I signed up for the zoom meeting on Monday. 
However, due to one of the area's biggest concerns which is traffic problems, I was unable to get home from shopping 
and get ready in time to attend. The off ramp to Grand from the 303 southbound was closed due to an overturned truck. 
My husband and I had to continue on to exit on Bell Rd to reverse course on the 303. Then the off ramp to Grand from 
northbound 303 was so backed up that we continued on all the way to Lake Pleasant Pkwy where we exited to drive 
north to the Carefree Hwy and return home. By the time we got home and started unloading groceries, it was already 
almost 5:30. I turned on the meeting but did not have time to sit in front of the computer. I planned to just listen while I 
put groceries away, etc., but I didn't know if I could just turn on the audio portion to do that, or if I had to be identified 
by sitting in front of my computer. Not having the time to figure it out, I just exited the meeting. The next morning I read 
much of the information about the plan online. 
 
The projected growth for this area (another 285,700 people by 2040) is beyond overwhelming for those of us who 
currently live here. The implications of the BNSF plans especially will transform the area. I wrote about our concerns to 
the Surprise City Council prior to their BNSF vote. Rather than rewrite them, I am attaching a copy of the email to you as 
it addresses our greatest concerns for the Grand Ave area.  
 
Even now, prior to this proposed massive expansion, the desert seems to be suffering as we've noticed more saguaro 
cacti falling over, like the beautiful crowned one in the attached photo, found early last month after the excessively hot 
summer. We've witnessed wildlife suffering this summer too. The desert is a unique and fragile ecosystem. Even cacti 
have their limits. It is very disturbing to think about how the negative effects of development on the desert will expand 
and escalate in the future.   
 
Sincerely, 
 
Sheryl Sambrookes 
Morristown

26
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 17, 2023 2:46 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
2023 WTGA Plan Copy Availabilitiy
 
Adam, 
I would like to obtain a copy, color, of the new 2023 WTGA plan as released yesterday.  My color prinƟng is limited, and 
having an original with colors would be very helpful.  I’ll be happy to purchase. 
Could you let me know how to go about this? 
A poinƟng in the  right direcƟon as you can will be appreciated. 
Thanks 
CurƟs

27
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Franko Conlon <pitconlon@outlook.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 17, 2023 8:50 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
White moutain  
Where is the water supply coming from.evidently no water problem in this state. Frank

28
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Friday, October 13, 2023 6:41 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Grand Ave Upgrade
Attachments:
Surprise_Grand_Ave_Upgrades.pdf
Hello. 
 
 
Cannot be good for the historic desert corridors ...  paves the way for more Surprise annexations in the area. Why else 
would Surprise be interested in this road improvement? 
 
Were you aware of this?  
 
Perhaps you can discuss next week. 
 
Thanks

29
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, October 12, 2023 9:17 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change
Who makes the municipal planning boundaries? 
 
Do they prevent annexation? 
 
How does the WTGA area plan interact with the planning areas? 
 
Thanks 
 
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023, 8:19 AM Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com> wrote: 
thanks. will study 
 
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 8:06 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
The County cannot control the annexation of land by a municipality; however, annexations must occur through the 
consent of the owner(s) and must occur within a municipal planning area.   
  
If you see below in the orange and the green are Peoria and Surprise’s municipal planning area boundaries. The 
municipal planning areas are established by the respective city or town, thus demonstrating that they do not have an 
intention to annex outside of these areas.  It’s important to also distinguish this boundary from the jurisdictional 
boundary.  The municipal planning area boundary is not necessarily their jurisdictional boundary.  Their current 
jurisdictional boundary must touch the property they desire to annex.  BLM (Bureau of Land Management – Federal) 
and ASLD (Arizona State Land Department – State) hold a great deal of land in the area north of Hwy 74.  It is unlikely 
that BLM land will be annexed north of Peoria.  ASLD land could potentially be annexed, but it would require the 
Surprise municipal boundary to touch that land and the consent of ASLD or the owner of the property at that time if 
ASLD has auctioned the land. 
  
 
  
Best regards,

30
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 11, 2023 7:35 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change 
  
Here is the map.  What is to keep Peoria from annexing everything to the west...north of the 74... 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/84205/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐Plan‐Map?bidId= 
  
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 7:25 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
The area you are referencing is already part of the planning area established when the original plan was adopted in 
2000.  Including the area north of the 74 ensures that rural and open space land use designations remain in place 
along with policies related to adherence with the scenic corridor and rural vs. urban development.

31
Thanks.  Please let us know if you have any questions. 
  
Best regards, 
  
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2023 3:30 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Clint Hickman 
(BOS) <Clint.Hickman@Maricopa.Gov> 
Subject: Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change 
  
  
  
I see no reason the WTGA planning area should extend north of the 74.

32
The density and scenic landscape in this area is still natural and does not need planning "help". 
  
The two massive bookends on the south side of 74 (TSMC and BNSF) will be magnets to fill in the historic 74 scenic 
corridor with more  development from the West Valley.  Shamefully obvious. 
  
Who asked for the WTGA planning area to extend north of 74? What city has eyes on this pristine property? That 
should be disclosed. Voters need to know. 
  
Thanks. 
  
  
  
  
On Tue, Oct 10, 2023, 3:13 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon Sheryl, 
  
See below for responses to your questions.  
  
1. The study will be referenced in the plan, but note, they are not scheduled for funding at the state or 
regional level at this time. 
2. The Wickenburg Scenic Highway Corridor is not abandoned.  The document you reference is used in all 
zoning requests taking place within the corridor.  Applicants are required to address that document when 
they submit a request for zoning along with the regulatory requirements of the corridor.  We address each 
of the corridors briefly in the plan. 
3. The project you are referring to is a zoning request that is presently under review and has not went to 
hearing.  Please direct any questions or comments on that case to Andrew Lorentzen at 
Andrew.lorentzen@maricopa.gov.  
  
Thanks, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP

33
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Saturday, October 7, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla 
Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: WTGA Plan Material 
  
Here is a previous study about the 60. How does this fit in with the WTGA area plan? 
  
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2020/04/US60_CorridorStudy.pdf 
  
There was another previous study about a scenic corridor.  Has this been abandoned? 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6761/Wickenburg‐Scenic‐Highway‐Corridor‐PDF 
  
And, there is a new proposal to build a truck stop on 60/74 presumably to service TSMC although on wrong side of 
the street. 
  
https://wickenburgsun.com/news/41385/fuel‐stop‐proposed‐at‐morristown/

34
  
The above truck stop does not appear to fit the rural characteristics the residents prefer. 
  
All of these should be on the agenda for the next community meeting.  Thanks

35
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Curtis Arnett <curtisarnett@cox.net>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 12:12 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
10 11 2023 White Tanks Grand Avenue Plan 
Mr. Cannon, 
Thank you for your phone Ɵme of yesterday on the WTGA plan in progress.  Pasted below are Wickenburg Dark Sky 
AssociaƟon’s current comments.  Looking forward to virtual meeƟng of October 16. 
Best wishes, 
CA 
 
 
WICKENBURG DARK SKY ASSOCIATION 
P.O. BOX 967 
WICKENBURG, ARIZONA 85358 
928.671.8335 
wickenburgdarksky.org 
 
 
October 11, 2023 
 
 
Adam Cannon, Senior Planner                                                   Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov 
Maricopa County White Tank Grand Avenue Plan 
 
 
 
This letter is a follow through on the Wickenburg Dark Sky Association’s letter of September 27 expressing support for 
the County’s White Tanks Grand Avenue plan in progress, with special support for the proposition that  Light pollution 
should be limited to protect dark skies. 
 
The Association believes the proposed Dark Sky protection should extend to all parts of the planning area under 
consideration. 
 
The Association also believes Dark Sky protection should extend to all areas of the County under County jurisdiction. 
 
The Association greatly appreciates the County’s outreach in this White Tank Grand Avenue matter. 
 
 
WTGA Meeting Committee 
 
 
 
Curtis Arnett               Walter Thomas            
 
 
 
 
Copy    Clint Hickman, Supervisor, Maricopa County Board of Supervisors

36
 
 
 
Board of Directors:  Barbara Abakonczyk, President; Theresa Dolan, Secretary; 
Kimberly Wilkins, Treasurer; Elizabeth Wagner-Anast;  
Curtis Arnett; Don Hoover; Walter Thomas

37
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 11:53 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan - Virtual Community Meeting
Thanks. 
 
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023, 11:51 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Sheryl, 
  
I’ve sent your letter to the planner working on that case Andrew Lorentzen.  
  
Thanks, 
Adam 
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 11, 2023 10:22 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan ‐ Virtual Community Meeting 
  
fyi.two items:  Lonesome Dove and AZ Precipitation 
  
1. Comments about new truck stop on 60. 
  
2. NOAA Historic Precipitation: As you can see from the timeline, AZ precipitation peaked in the mid 1930's and 
subsequent peaks have been smaller: 
  
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate‐at‐a‐glance/statewide/time‐series/2/pcp/12/9/1895‐
2023?base_prd=true&begbaseyear=1895&endbaseyear=2023

38
On Mon, Oct 9, 2023 at 4:57 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon all: 
  
As a reminder, we are holding a virtual Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan update 
on Monday, October 16, 2023 from 5:30 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.   
  
Please visit our website to register for the meeting at:  https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐
Area‐Plan. 
  
Thank you.  We look forward to seeing you there! 
  
Best regards, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

39
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 10:22 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Reminder: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan - Virtual Community Meeting
Attachments:
image001.png; Hamlin_Lonesome_Dove_Z2023104.pdf; AZ_water_1895_2023_NOAA.jpg
fyi.two items:  Lonesome Dove and AZ Precipitation 
 
1. Comments about new truck stop on 60. 
 
2. NOAA Historic Precipitation: As you can see from the timeline, AZ precipitation peaked in the mid 1930's and 
subsequent peaks have been smaller: 
 
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate‐at‐a‐glance/statewide/time‐series/2/pcp/12/9/1895‐
2023?base_prd=true&begbaseyear=1895&endbaseyear=2023 
 
On Mon, Oct 9, 2023 at 4:57 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon all: 
  
As a reminder, we are holding a virtual Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan update 
on Monday, October 16, 2023 from 5:30 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.   
  
Please visit our website to register for the meeting at:  https://www.maricopa.gov/5940/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐
Area‐Plan. 
  
Thank you.  We look forward to seeing you there! 
  
Best regards, 
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003

40
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

41
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 8:19 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change
Attachments:
image002.png
thanks. will study 
 
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 8:06 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
The County cannot control the annexation of land by a municipality; however, annexations must occur through the 
consent of the owner(s) and must occur within a municipal planning area.   
  
If you see below in the orange and the green are Peoria and Surprise’s municipal planning area boundaries. The 
municipal planning areas are established by the respective city or town, thus demonstrating that they do not have an 
intention to annex outside of these areas.  It’s important to also distinguish this boundary from the jurisdictional 
boundary.  The municipal planning area boundary is not necessarily their jurisdictional boundary.  Their current 
jurisdictional boundary must touch the property they desire to annex.  BLM (Bureau of Land Management – Federal) 
and ASLD (Arizona State Land Department – State) hold a great deal of land in the area north of Hwy 74.  It is unlikely 
that BLM land will be annexed north of Peoria.  ASLD land could potentially be annexed, but it would require the 
Surprise municipal boundary to touch that land and the consent of ASLD or the owner of the property at that time if 
ASLD has auctioned the land.

44
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, October 11, 2023 7:35 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change 
  
Here is the map.  What is to keep Peoria from annexing everything to the west...north of the 74... 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/84205/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐Plan‐Map?bidId= 
  
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 7:25 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
The area you are referencing is already part of the planning area established when the original plan was adopted in 
2000.  Including the area north of the 74 ensures that rural and open space land use designations remain in place 
along with policies related to adherence with the scenic corridor and rural vs. urban development.   
  
Thanks.  Please let us know if you have any questions. 
  
Best regards,

45
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2023 3:30 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Clint Hickman (BOS) 
<Clint.Hickman@Maricopa.Gov> 
Subject: Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change 
  
  
  
I see no reason the WTGA planning area should extend north of the 74.  
  
The density and scenic landscape in this area is still natural and does not need planning "help". 
  
The two massive bookends on the south side of 74 (TSMC and BNSF) will be magnets to fill in the historic 74 scenic 
corridor with more  development from the West Valley.  Shamefully obvious.

46
Who asked for the WTGA planning area to extend north of 74? What city has eyes on this pristine property? That 
should be disclosed. Voters need to know. 
  
Thanks. 
  
  
  
  
On Tue, Oct 10, 2023, 3:13 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon Sheryl, 
  
See below for responses to your questions.  
  
1. The study will be referenced in the plan, but note, they are not scheduled for funding at the state or regional 
level at this time. 
2. The Wickenburg Scenic Highway Corridor is not abandoned.  The document you reference is used in all 
zoning requests taking place within the corridor.  Applicants are required to address that document when 
they submit a request for zoning along with the regulatory requirements of the corridor.  We address each of 
the corridors briefly in the plan. 
3. The project you are referring to is a zoning request that is presently under review and has not went to 
hearing.  Please direct any questions or comments on that case to Andrew Lorentzen at 
Andrew.lorentzen@maricopa.gov.  
  
Thanks, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292

47
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Saturday, October 7, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla 
Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: WTGA Plan Material 
  
Here is a previous study about the 60. How does this fit in with the WTGA area plan? 
  
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2020/04/US60_CorridorStudy.pdf 
  
There was another previous study about a scenic corridor.  Has this been abandoned? 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6761/Wickenburg‐Scenic‐Highway‐Corridor‐PDF 
  
And, there is a new proposal to build a truck stop on 60/74 presumably to service TSMC although on wrong side of 
the street. 
  
https://wickenburgsun.com/news/41385/fuel‐stop‐proposed‐at‐morristown/ 
  
The above truck stop does not appear to fit the rural characteristics the residents prefer. 
  
All of these should be on the agenda for the next community meeting.  Thanks

49
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, October 11, 2023 7:35 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change
Attachments:
image001.png
Here is the map.  What is to keep Peoria from annexing everything to the west...north of the 74... 
 
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/84205/White‐Tank‐Grand‐Avenue‐Plan‐Map?bidId= 
 
On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 7:25 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
The area you are referencing is already part of the planning area established when the original plan was adopted in 
2000.  Including the area north of the 74 ensures that rural and open space land use designations remain in place along 
with policies related to adherence with the scenic corridor and rural vs. urban development.   
  
Thanks.  Please let us know if you have any questions. 
  
Best regards, 
  
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

50
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2023 3:30 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Clint Hickman (BOS) 
<Clint.Hickman@Maricopa.Gov> 
Subject: Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change 
  
  
  
I see no reason the WTGA planning area should extend north of the 74.  
  
The density and scenic landscape in this area is still natural and does not need planning "help". 
  
The two massive bookends on the south side of 74 (TSMC and BNSF) will be magnets to fill in the historic 74 scenic 
corridor with more  development from the West Valley.  Shamefully obvious. 
  
Who asked for the WTGA planning area to extend north of 74? What city has eyes on this pristine property? That 
should be disclosed. Voters need to know. 
  
Thanks. 
  
  
  
  
On Tue, Oct 10, 2023, 3:13 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote:

51
Good afternoon Sheryl, 
  
See below for responses to your questions.  
  
1. The study will be referenced in the plan, but note, they are not scheduled for funding at the state or regional 
level at this time. 
2. The Wickenburg Scenic Highway Corridor is not abandoned.  The document you reference is used in all zoning 
requests taking place within the corridor.  Applicants are required to address that document when they 
submit a request for zoning along with the regulatory requirements of the corridor.  We address each of the 
corridors briefly in the plan. 
3. The project you are referring to is a zoning request that is presently under review and has not went to 
hearing.  Please direct any questions or comments on that case to Andrew Lorentzen at 
Andrew.lorentzen@maricopa.gov.  
  
Thanks, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Saturday, October 7, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey 
<mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: WTGA Plan Material

52
  
Here is a previous study about the 60. How does this fit in with the WTGA area plan? 
  
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2020/04/US60_CorridorStudy.pdf 
  
There was another previous study about a scenic corridor.  Has this been abandoned? 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6761/Wickenburg‐Scenic‐Highway‐Corridor‐PDF 
  
And, there is a new proposal to build a truck stop on 60/74 presumably to service TSMC although on wrong side of the 
street. 
  
https://wickenburgsun.com/news/41385/fuel‐stop‐proposed‐at‐morristown/ 
  
The above truck stop does not appear to fit the rural characteristics the residents prefer. 
  
All of these should be on the agenda for the next community meeting.  Thanks

53
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 10, 2023 3:30 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
Terri Hogan; McKayla Dunfey; Clint Hickman (BOS)
Subject:
Re: WTGA Planning Area Site Change
Attachments:
image001.png
 
 
I see no reason the WTGA planning area should extend north of the 74.  
 
The density and scenic landscape in this area is still natural and does not need planning "help". 
 
The two massive bookends on the south side of 74 (TSMC and BNSF) will be magnets to fill in the historic 74 scenic 
corridor with more  development from the West Valley.  Shamefully obvious. 
 
Who asked for the WTGA planning area to extend north of 74? What city has eyes on this pristine property? That should 
be disclosed. Voters need to know. 
 
Thanks. 
 
 
 
 
On Tue, Oct 10, 2023, 3:13 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good afternoon Sheryl, 
  
See below for responses to your questions.  
  
1. The study will be referenced in the plan, but note, they are not scheduled for funding at the state or regional 
level at this time. 
2. The Wickenburg Scenic Highway Corridor is not abandoned.  The document you reference is used in all zoning 
requests taking place within the corridor.  Applicants are required to address that document when they submit 
a request for zoning along with the regulatory requirements of the corridor.  We address each of the corridors 
briefly in the plan. 
3. The project you are referring to is a zoning request that is presently under review and has not went to 
hearing.  Please direct any questions or comments on that case to Andrew Lorentzen at 
Andrew.lorentzen@maricopa.gov.  
  
Thanks,

54
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Saturday, October 7, 2023 7:37 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; McKayla Dunfey 
<mdunfey@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: WTGA Plan Material 
  
Here is a previous study about the 60. How does this fit in with the WTGA area plan? 
  
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2020/04/US60_CorridorStudy.pdf 
  
There was another previous study about a scenic corridor.  Has this been abandoned? 
  
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6761/Wickenburg‐Scenic‐Highway‐Corridor‐PDF 
  
And, there is a new proposal to build a truck stop on 60/74 presumably to service TSMC although on wrong side of the 
street.

55
  
https://wickenburgsun.com/news/41385/fuel‐stop‐proposed‐at‐morristown/ 
  
The above truck stop does not appear to fit the rural characteristics the residents prefer. 
  
All of these should be on the agenda for the next community meeting.  Thanks

56
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Saturday, October 7, 2023 7:37 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND); Terri Hogan; McKayla Dunfey
Subject:
WTGA Plan Material
Here is a previous study about the 60. How does this fit in with the WTGA area plan? 
 
https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2020/04/US60_CorridorStudy.pdf 
 
There was another previous study about a scenic corridor.  Has this been abandoned? 
 
https://www.maricopa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6761/Wickenburg‐Scenic‐Highway‐Corridor‐PDF 
 
And, there is a new proposal to build a truck stop on 60/74 presumably to service TSMC although on wrong side of the 
street. 
 
https://wickenburgsun.com/news/41385/fuel‐stop‐proposed‐at‐morristown/ 
 
The above truck stop does not appear to fit the rural characteristics the residents prefer. 
 
All of these should be on the agenda for the next community meeting.  Thanks

57
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Larry Woods <lwoodsusa@gmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, October 3, 2023 4:30 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
A suggestion
Hi, Adam, 
 
A suggestion... Make your attachments PDFs, and not Word 
docs.  First, some people won't be able to view this, and secondly, 
I can screw with you by changing the docx and distributing it on 
Facebook, etc. 
 
Larry Woods 
 
Office:  623-556-8949 
Cell:     602-369-5049 
 
--- NOTICE --- 
 
This message is for the designated recipient and may contain confidential, 
privileged, or proprietary information.  If you have received it in error, 
please notify the sender immediately and delete the original and any copy 
or printout.  Unintended recipients are prohibited from making any other 
use of this e-mail.  Although we have taken reasonable precautions to 
ensure no viruses are present in this email, we accept no liability for any 
loss or damage arising from using this email or attachments or for any 
delay, errors, or omissions in the contents resulting from email 
transmission.

58
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>
Sent:
Monday, October 2, 2023 9:01 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
FW: ADOT contacts - Morristown Elementary School Bus Endangerment
fyi  
 
From: Clemenc Ligocki <cligocki@azdot.gov>  
Sent: Monday, October 2, 2023 7:01 AM 
To: Dr. Jennifer Petty <jpetty@morristowneld75.org> 
Cc: Sandra Hoffman <shoffman@logansimpson.com>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>; toreilly@azdot.gov; 
Bruce Fenske <bfenske@azdot.gov> 
Subject: Re: ADOT contacts ‐ Morristown Elementary School Bus Endangerment  
 
 
sophospsmartbannerend 
Dr. Petty:  
 
Thank you for including me in this correspondence.  I will talk with appropriate team members here at ADOT and we will 
respond to you as soon as we can.    
 
Clem  
 
On Sat, Sep 30, 2023 at 10:56 PM Dr. Jennifer Petty <jpetty@morristowneld75.org> wrote:  
Thank you for following up.  I truly appreciate your help and support!  
 
Respectfully,  
 
Dr. Jennifer Petty, Superintendent/Principal  
Morristown Elementary School  
Morristown Elementary School District  
 
p: 623‐546‐5100      f: 623‐388‐9368  
a: 25950 W. Rockaway Hills Road, Morristown, AZ 85342  
w: www.morristowneld75.org   e: jpetty@morristowneld75.org  
 
 
On Fri, Sep 29, 2023 at 8:00 AM Sandra Hoffman <shoffman@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
Good morning, Dr. Petty,  
During the community meeting for the Maricopa County White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Update on September 
27th, you expressed concern about the Morristown Elementary School bus drivers not being able to have clear views in 
both directions on W. Grand Avenue (U.S. 60 West) and the speed of the vehicles on Grand Avenue.  
   
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

59
I’ve copied several ADOT staff that may be able to help. Clem Ligocki is the ADOT staff that is part of the White Tank 
Grand Avenue Area Plan Update team. Tom O’Reilly and Bruce Fenske are managers with ADOT.  
   
Tom O’Reilly: toreilly@azdot.gov  
Bruce Fenske: bfenske@azdot.gov  
Clem Ligocki: cligocki@azdot.gov  
   
Please let me know if you have any questions or would like additional information.  
   
Thank you!  
   
Sandra Hoffman AICP  
Senior Associate Planner  
   
Logan Simpson                                    
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450  
Tempe, AZ 85281                                 
P 480-967-1343 
F 480-966-9232 
shoffman@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
 
   
 
 
 
‐‐  
Clemenc Ligocki  
Planning and Programming Manager  
ADOT Multimodal Planning Division

60
1611 W. Jackson Street  
Phoenix, AZ 85007  
602‐712‐8143 (office)  
480‐708‐1967 (cell)  
azdot.gov  
To help protect your priv acy, Microsoft Office prevented automatic download of this picture from the Internet.

61
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Saturday, September 30, 2023 12:35 PM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Subject:
White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Meeting Notes
I attended the Morristown  meeting. Here are my notes. Fast moving schedule. Water issues and more. 
 
http://roathdesign.com/azdocs/WTGA_Community_Meeting_20230927_hamlin.pdf

62
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Friday, September 29, 2023 11:17 AM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Subject:
IAEA....water
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/glowal‐a‐new‐global‐water‐resources‐initiative  
 
 
International Atomic Energy Agency 
 
Countries will need massive energy for new water projects. Logical pairing.  
 
Several important nuclear fusion projects underway.

63
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, September 28, 2023 4:46 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND); Terri Hogan; McKayla Dunfey
Subject:
Drought conditions and more
Attachments:
2023_Phoenix_AMA_GW_Model_Report.pdf
This drought map is updated regularly... 
 
https://new.azwater.gov/drought/drought‐status 
 
Maricopa and Yavapai are both partially D2 but looks like all of the WTGA planning area. 
 
Attached is the water model Gov Hobbs had DWR release. 
 
Since water was a high rated issue, you might include.

64
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Julia Brooks <jmaciasbrooks@gmail.com>
Sent:
Monday, September 25, 2023 1:47 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND); Curtis Arnett; Karla Mortimer
Subject:
White Tanks Corridor - Wickenburg
Hello Adam, 
I’ve recently read about the upcoming meeting on the WT Grand Avenue Plan. Unfortunately I will be 
out of the area on Wednesday. 
I would like to invite you to meet in Wickenburg with local leaders in the coming months. 
As a retired chamber professional of over 40 years, our community has a great interest 
in the planning for Maricopa County. 
 
As an active member and Chairperson of the Wickenburg Chamber Transportation Committee, 
as well as a consultant for Wickenburg Dark Sky Association, I believe many in our membership 
and TOW Leadership would be happy to provide their input. 
 
I look forward to hearing back from you soon. 
 
Best regards, 
 
Julia Brooks 
Retired Chamber CEO 
jmaciasbrooks@gmail.com 
602.615.5479 
 
Sent from Mail for Windows

65
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, September 14, 2023 12:26 PM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Subject:
AZ Capitol Times Water Briefing (Notes and link to video)
This compact meeting lasted one hour, but it was dense with information. The panelists were executives in the State of 
Arizona charged with implementing the best water solutions in light of an ever changing climate.  
 
There are links in my notes to the meeting video as well as to the Federal Environmental Impact Study (EIS) and a 
summary of the participants' comments. 
 
Here are my notes: 
 
http://roathdesign.com/azdocs/2023_AZ_Water_Management_Notes_Hamlin.pdf 
 
Congratulations to Gary Grado for an informative, successful meeting.

66
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, September 13, 2023 4:31 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
Michele Staples
Subject:
Re: Don’t miss out on this opportunity!
Hi Adam ‐ just an FYI, there has been feedback that folks are disappointed with the timing of the event not being 
considerate of the “working class”. What happened to trying to get this to be a 6pm meeting?  
 
‐Kimberly 
 
On Sep 11, 2023, at 7:54 AM, Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
  
Thank you Kimberly, 
  
Best regards, 
Adam 
  
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 7:19 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: Michele Staples <onelsarmy2016@gmail.com> 
Subject: Re: Don’t miss out on this opportunity! 
  
I passed this along to the folks in Wittman and our 219th community in Surprise. I’ve asked them to pass it along the line 
to reach out to our neighbors throughout the planning area.  
‐Kimberly 
 
On Sep 5, 2023, at 2:13 PM, Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
  
Good afternoon all: 
  
We are pleased to announce that we have scheduled an additional Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan update on Wednesday, September 27, 2023 in‐person at Morristown Elementary (25950 W Rockway 
Hills Rd., Morristown, AZ 85342) from 5:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.  Later this week we will be distributing an e‐mail blast to 
area residents and have prepared outreach materials for social media.  We would greatly appreciate if you share these 
materials as you are able with your broader networks and the community so that we can encourage attendance of the 
meeting.   
  
The documents prepared for you to share include text/graphics for Facebook and Nextdoor posts.  If you need any 
technical assistance regarding sharing the information, I’ll make sure our consultant reaches out to you to walk you 
through any posting processes if needed. 
  
Thank you.  Please feel free to contact me with any questions or feedback you may have.

67
Best regards, 
  
<image001.png> 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

68
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Brian Stutsman (MCSO) <BrianStutsman@MCSO.Maricopa.gov>
Sent:
Monday, September 11, 2023 4:52 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
James McFarland (MCSO); Phil Dougherty (MCSO); John Bailey (MCSO, Chief); Philip Hilliker (MCSO); 
David Letourneau (MCSO); Larry Kratzer (MCSO); Frank McWilliams (MCSO)
Subject:
Area of Responsibilities and Assignments for County Planning and Future Growth
Adam, 
 
Thank you for our discussion today on idenƟfying who the appropriate commanders are for their respecƟve areas of 
responsibiliƟes. I am going to pass on to you the appropriate commanders and bureau chiefs for you to reach out to 
when you have zoning changes, new projects or other maƩers related to law enforcement services and response needs. 
Any projects that you would like input on as it relates to growth in our areas of responsibility please reach out directly to 
the below Commanders and respecƟve Bureau Chiefs. As we talked about, our concern is growth and development 
policies that require consideraƟon for staffing, demands from law enforcement services etc. 
 
The County is divided into two Bureaus (West and East) 
 
Chief Phil Dougherty is Patrol Bureau West – Cell: 602‐989‐3552 
Chief James McFarland is Patrol Bureau East – Cell: 602‐527‐7119 
 
The districts are divided amongst the Captains as follows: 
 
District 1 (East Mesa) Captain John Bailey – Cell: 602‐316‐8496 
District 2 (Avondale, Gila Bend) Captain Phil Hilliker – Cell: 602‐908‐7279 
District 3 (Sun CiƟes, Aguila) Captain Brian Stutsman – Cell: 602‐679‐0804 
District 4 (Cave Creek, Anthem) Captain David Letourneau – Cell: 602‐525‐3957 
District 7 (Fountain Hills, Rio Verde) Captain Larry Kratzer – Cell: 602‐526‐4241 
 
I look forward to working with you and your team to ensure the Sheriff’s Office is considered while projects are in the 
planning stages. 
 
Respecƞully, 
 
Captain Brian Stutsman 
Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office 
District III Patrol 
Ofc. 602.876.4925 
Cell 602.679.0804

69
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Nancy Collins <nancy.collins.az@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, September 6, 2023 10:33 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Don’t miss out on this opportunity!
Thank you! 
 
I was at the recent meeting in Sun City West, and I will be at this meeting.  
 
I will share on the attached on social media and with friends. 
Sincerely, 
Nancy 
 
Nancy Collins 
16269 W Starry Sky Drive 
Surprise, AZ 85374 
Nancy.collins.AZ@gmail.com 
623‐398‐5286 
 
On Sep 5, 2023, at 2:11 PM, Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
 
Good afternoon all: 
  
We are pleased to announce that we have scheduled an additional Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan update on Wednesday, September 27, 2023 in‐person at Morristown Elementary(25950 W Rockway 
Hills Rd., Morristown, AZ 85342) from 5:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.  Later this week we will be distributing an e‐mail blast to 
area residents and have prepared outreach materials for social media.  We would greatly appreciate if you share these 
materials as you are able with your broader networks and the community so that we can encourage attendance of the 
meeting.   
  
The documents prepared for you to share include text/graphics for Facebook and Nextdoor posts.  If you need any 
technical assistance regarding sharing the information, I’ll make sure our consultant reaches out to you to walk you 
through any posting processes if needed. 
  
Thank you.  Please feel free to contact me with any questions or feedback you may have. 
  
Best regards, 
  
<image001.png> 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov 
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
<Outreach Material for Facebook and Nextdoor.docx>

71
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, September 5, 2023 7:19 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
Michele Staples
Subject:
Re: Don’t miss out on this opportunity!
Attachments:
Outreach Material for Facebook and Nextdoor.docx
I passed this along to the folks in Wittman and our 219th community in Surprise. I’ve asked them to pass it along the line 
to reach out to our neighbors throughout the planning area.  
‐Kimberly 
 
On Sep 5, 2023, at 2:13 PM, Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
  
Good afternoon all: 
  
We are pleased to announce that we have scheduled an additional Community Meeting to discuss the White Tank Grand 
Avenue Area Plan update on Wednesday, September 27, 2023 in‐person at Morristown Elementary (25950 W Rockway 
Hills Rd., Morristown, AZ 85342) from 5:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.  Later this week we will be distributing an e‐mail blast to 
area residents and have prepared outreach materials for social media.  We would greatly appreciate if you share these 
materials as you are able with your broader networks and the community so that we can encourage attendance of the 
meeting.   
  
The documents prepared for you to share include text/graphics for Facebook and Nextdoor posts.  If you need any 
technical assistance regarding sharing the information, I’ll make sure our consultant reaches out to you to walk you 
through any posting processes if needed. 
  
Thank you.  Please feel free to contact me with any questions or feedback you may have. 
  
Best regards, 
  
 
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

72
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sadie McC <pam.schwartz30@gmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, September 5, 2023 2:09 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
RE: White Tank Plan
Hi, Adam, 
 
Just following up on your share of my info.  Mr. Murphy has contacted me and I have sent him what I know as 
well as the web address to learn more.  Thank you for facilitating the communication. 
 
Pam 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) 
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 9:19 AM 
To: Pam Schwartz 
Subject: FW: White Tank Plan 
 
Good morning Pam, 
  
This person has asked to see if he can contact you about the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan.  Would it be alright if I 
share your e‐mail address with him? 
  
Thanks, 
  
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Connor Murphy <rconnormurphy@hotmail.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 9:15 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: White Tank Plan 
  
Hello Adam Cannon: 
  
I understand that Sun City has an official representative on the advisory board. 
  
How can I contact that person?

73
  
I would like to find out more about the plan. 
  
Best regards, Connor 
  
623‐974‐9131

74
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, September 5, 2023 1:20 PM
To:
Kimberly Virostek
Cc:
KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey; Adam Cannon (PND); Madison 
Macias; Sandra Hoffman; JOHN DIVITA; Terri Hogan
Subject:
RE: Virtual Community Meeting - White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan
Attachments:
230824_WTGAP_CommunityMeetingRecap - Copy.pdf
Hi Kim,  
 
I completely understand.  I’ve attached the results summary for the SC meeting and will send the results for 
Morristown.   
 
We appreciate your review and comments thus far and will keep you posted when we have a public draft of the 
document for you to review.  
 
Thank you,  
Terri  
 
 
Terri S. Hogan, AICP  
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922  
 
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
 
 
 
 
 
 
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 11:35 AM 
To: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov>; Madison Macias <mmacias@logansimpson.com>; Sandra Hoffman 
<shoffman@logansimpson.com>; JOHN DIVITA <bellavit2575@comcast.net> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
 
 
sophospsmartbannerend 
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

75
Hi Terri  
 
My husband is having major surgery that day so I will be unable to attend. If by chance his surgery is rescheduled I will 
make every effort to attend.   
 
We did complete our feedback process with the city of Surprise General plan and expect that can help guide similar 
feedback with your efforts.   
 
Do you have any materials to share from the Sun City meeting?   
 
‐ Kimberly  
 
On Sep 5, 2023, at 9:41 AM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
  
Sorry.. fat fingers..  meeting is on 9/27/23. স
হ
঺
঻  
   
From: Terri Hogan  
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 9:25 AM 
To: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov>; Madison Macias <mmacias@logansimpson.com>; Sandra Hoffman 
<shoffman@logansimpson.com>; Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: RE: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
Hi Kimberly,  
   
I just wanted to let you know that we were able to move this meeting to 5 to 630pm on 9/23/23 at Morristown 
Elementary School.  
   
Once we have the engagement materials ready, we will forward to you if you’d like so you can distribute them among 
your circles.  
   
Terri  
   
   
Terri S. Hogan, AICP

76
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922  
   
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
 
   
   
   
   
   
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, August 16, 2023 9:38 AM 
To: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov>; Madison Macias <mmacias@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
Hi Terri Great! Thank you for scheduling that. Is there any chance you can push that to 6pm to allow for more attendance from that side of the community? I suspect you’ll get a larger turnout. I can p 
sophospsmartbannerend 
Hi Terri  
   
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

77
Great! Thank you for scheduling that. Is there any chance you can push that to 6pm to allow for more attendance from 
that side of the community? I suspect you’ll get a larger turnout. I can post on the groups’ pages that you have planned 
the session.  
   
Michelle and I would like to try to attend the Aug 24th mtg to get further informed before meeting with you. My 
husbands surgery was postponed so I hopefully can make that meeting.  
   
‐ Kimberly  
 
On Aug 15, 2023, at 10:30 AM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
  
Hi Kim,  
   
Just checking in about possible times for a virtual meeting.  No pressure at all and we would also like you to know that 
there is an in person meeting being planned for September 27, 2023 at 4:30pm at the Morristown Elementary 
School.  As develop marketing materials for this meeting we can forward you the details so you can distribute it in your 
circles if you’d like.  
   
Thank you,  
Terri  
   
   
Terri S. Hogan, AICP  
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922

78
   
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
<image001.png>  
   
   
   
   
   
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Saturday, July 29, 2023 2:48 PM 
To: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
I will get together with Michele and figure out a couple of dates that might work. My husband is getting ready to have major surgery next week so my availability this next month is going to be somewha 
sophospsmartbannerend 
I will get together with Michele and figure out a couple of dates that might work. My husband is getting ready to have 
major surgery next week so my availability this next month is going to be somewhat limited, but if we can do something 
virtual, that would be helpful.   
‐ Kimberly  
 
On Jul 27, 2023, at 11:55 AM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
  
Hi Kimberly and Michelle,  
   
First off, thank you for attending the virtual community meeting on July 19th.  We hope to see you in 
person at the next community meeting on Thursday, August 24th at the Palm Ridge Recreation 
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

79
Center, 13800 W Deer Valley Dr, Sun City West, AZ 85375.  We are also trying to schedule a rural 
community meeting in September and will keep you posted on that date and venue.  
   
Adam forwarded us your email exchange below; we would love to schedule a virtual interview with 
you in the next couple weeks to talk about your knowledge perspective for the area as well any input 
you have for goals, policies, and actions related to the area plan update.   If would, give us a few days 
and times that work best for you in the next couple weeks, and we will send you an invite for an hour 
discussion.  
   
Thank you in advance!  
Terri  
   
   
Terri S. Hogan, AICP  
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922  
   
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
<image002.png>

80
   
   
   
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Saturday, July 22, 2023 9:47 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; Rural Residents Surprise <ruralsurprise@gmail.com> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
Hi Adam  
   
Thank you for reaching out. My primary concern is that feedback is being obtained from the rural residents who are 
being affected by development, and reasonable concerns are then reflected in policies/goals/objectives towards 
protecting their way of life through responsible and respectful development.   
   
Michelle and I are rural Surprise residents who live near 219th/Sun Valley Pkwy. We have been working with the City of 
Surprise for the last 2 years on rural concerns and protecting our way of life. Most recently we’ve been partnering on the 
current GP update which includes a new Rural Residential Overlay character sub area, goals/policies intended to help 
protect rural living, and a new zoning district under development ‐ Desert Rural ‐ which is more reflective of our way of 
life than current zoning designations.   
   
The GP is under 60 day review and our community workgroup is developing additional feedback so I do expect some 
changes to what is posted currently.   
   
Home | Surprise General Plan Update  
surprisegpupdate.com  
The linked image cannot be displayed.   
The file may have been moved, renamed,  
or deleted. Verify that the link points to  
the correct file and location.
 
 
   
We’d like the County to consider similar efforts and we’d like to meet and chat more. It would be great if you could give 
us a review of the land use and development status so we can get ourselves oriented on what the future already holds.   
   
‐Kimberly

81
 
 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Friday, July 21, 2023 3:31 PM 
To: kv@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com 
Subject: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
Good morning Kimberly and Michelle,   My name is Adam Cannon and we met on the virtual meeting that took place on Wednesday.  I am reaching out to you to get feedback about the meeting and a 
sophospsmartbannerend 
Good morning Kimberly and Michelle,  
   
My name is Adam Cannon and we met on the virtual meeting that took place on Wednesday.  I am reaching out to you 
to get feedback about the meeting and about our early efforts on the plan.  
   
We appreciated your feedback during the meeting and are still evaluating the most appropriate location for a future 
meeting.  I will let you know that we are looking at different venues that can accommodate various rural communities 
for the third meeting. Once we have a date, time and location secured we will reach out to you and others with the 
details.  
   
As I explained at the end of the meeting, the first meeting is introductory.  Our goal was to introduce folks to what an 
area plan is and what it is not.  As noted, the plan is made up of guidance/policy for decision makers and is not 
regulatory.  
   
Moreover, the plan reflects a consensus‐building effort and vision of the area with input provided from many residents, 
business owners, employees, the development community and other stakeholders which is why your input is so 
important. We welcome and encourage your participation throughout the planning process, as well as your feedback on 
the draft plan as it takes shape.  The more feedback we have from you and other stakeholders the better this plan will 
be!    
   
Please feel free to contact me with any questions or to provide input on the plan and we will be sure to include you in 
the notifications and updates as we go along.  
   
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

82
Thank you!  
   
<image003.png>  
Adam Cannon, AICP  
Senior Planner  
Planning & Development  
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003  
O: 602-506-3301  
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ]  
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

83
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Pamela Schwartz <pam.schwartz30@gmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, September 5, 2023 10:08 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: FW: White Tank Plan
Attachments:
image001.png
Yes, I have no objections.  Thank you for the heads‐up. 
 
Pam S. 
 
On Tue, Sep 5, 2023, 9:19 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Pam, 
  
This person has asked to see if he can contact you about the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan.  Would it be alright if 
I share your e‐mail address with him? 
  
Thanks, 
  
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

84
  
From: Connor Murphy <rconnormurphy@hotmail.com>  
Sent: Tuesday, September 5, 2023 9:15 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: White Tank Plan 
  
Hello Adam Cannon: 
  
I understand that Sun City has an official representative on the advisory board. 
  
How can I contact that person? 
  
I would like to find out more about the plan. 
  
Best regards, Connor 
  
623‐974‐9131

85
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Connor Murphy <rconnormurphy@hotmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, September 5, 2023 9:15 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
White Tank Plan
Hello Adam Cannon: 
 
I understand that Sun City has an official representative on the advisory board. 
 
How can I contact that person? 
 
I would like to find out more about the plan. 
 
Best regards, Connor 
 
623‐974‐9131

86
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
joeliberty@cox.net
Sent:
Saturday, September 2, 2023 11:53 AM
To:
'Terri Hogan'; Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
'McKayla Dunfey'; 'Madison Macias'
Subject:
Meeting Schedule
I agreed to send out information on upcoming meeting to the folks who subscribe to my newsletter, but I never 
got any schedule information . . . when, where, who should attend, etc. 
 
Get me that information in a format you want sent out and I‘ll do what I can. 
 
Thanks, 
 
Joseph D. (Joe) Liberty 
Designated Broker / Owner 
Liberty Southwest Realty, LLC 
 
Phone:   (602) 505-7675 
E-Mail:   JoeLiberty@cox.net 
 
Whispering Ranch Information Site . . . www.WhisperingRanchAZ.com

87
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Tuesday, August 29, 2023 8:05 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Groundwater ... NYTimes research
 
 
https://messaging‐custom‐
newsletters.nytimes.com/template/oakv2?campaign_id=9&emc=edit_nn_20230829&instance_id=101397&nl=the‐
morning&productCode=NN&regi_id=60861246&segment_id=143146&te=1&uri=nyt%3A%2F%2Fnewsletter%2F0bacdbd
a‐dd65‐5dd4‐9102‐384de25add1c&user_id=95c7d34ed9cbc20a8b3f3fdb70fdb853  
 
....The trends in this new database are alarming. Over the past 40 years, groundwater levels at most of the sites have 
declined. At 11 percent of the sites, levels last year fell to their lowest level on record. 
 
The U.S., in other words, is taking water out of the ground more quickly than nature is replenishing it. “There’s almost 
no way to convey how important it is,” Don Cline, the associate director for water resources at the United States 
Geological Survey, told The Times....

88
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Friday, August 25, 2023 9:37 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Cc:
Terri Hogan; McKayla Dunfey
Subject:
Re: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Community Meeting is Tomorrow (8/24)!
Attachments:
image001.png
Thanks. The speaker yesterday said there was already a WT community mtg in Wickenburg. Or at least that is how I 
understood her and the slide. 
 
On Fri, Aug 25, 2023, 9:30 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Good morning Sheryl, 
  
Thank you for your comments.  We have tentatively scheduled a meeting at Morristown Elementary for the White Tank 
Grand Avenue Area Plan for the end of September, but have not marketed it yet.  You’ll be notified when we are ready 
to advertise that meeting. 
  
Regarding publishing ‐ An area plan update meeting is only required to have a published legal ad when a hearing is 
taking place.  Those hearings are anticipated for November and December and will receive a legal ad publishing at that 
point.  The meetings we are having right now are community meetings.  For the community meetings we are doing 
outreach via area e‐mails, press releases, facebook and nextdoor posts.  Our Plan Advisory Committee members are 
also receiving materials to distribute for facebook and nextdoor. 
  
There is also a specific Town of Wickenburg General Plan update that is being overseen by Wickenburg.  If you are 
referring to that plan update, I would recommend contacting the town as that plan update is separate from the one we 
are doing. 
  
I’ve also copied Terri Hogan and McKayla Dunfey who you can reach out to for additional information about outreach 
efforts. 
  
Thank you and please feel free to contact us with any further questions. 
  
Best regards,

89
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-372-0292 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Thursday, August 24, 2023 3:24 PM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Community Meeting is Tomorrow (8/24)! 
  
Thanks for an informative meeting. Do you know when the Wickenburg meeting was held and how it was noticed?  I 
never saw it published.  Thanks again. 
  
On Wed, Aug 23, 2023 at 1:30 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Thank you for registering for the White Tank Grand Avenue Plan Community Meeting!   
  
We look forward to seeing you tomorrow morning at the Palm Ridge Recreation Center from 10‐11:30 a.m. Staff will 
provide an overview of the planning process followed by an open house event where everyone will have the chance to 
share input and learn more about the plan update.

90
White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Community Meeting 
Date: Thursday, August 24, 2023 
Time: 10‐11:30 a.m. 
Location: Palm Ridge Recreation Center, 13800 W. Deer Valley Dr., Sun City West, AZ 85375  
This event is free and open to the public. Feel free to pass along this registration link to your friends and family.  
  
Learn more about the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan at: Maricopa.gov/WhiteTankGrandAve 
  
The linked image cannot be displayed.  The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

91
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, August 24, 2023 3:24 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Community Meeting is Tomorrow (8/24)!
Thanks for an informative meeting. Do you know when the Wickenburg meeting was held and how it was noticed?  I 
never saw it published.  Thanks again. 
 
On Wed, Aug 23, 2023 at 1:30 PM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Thank you for registering for the White Tank Grand Avenue Plan Community Meeting!   
  
We look forward to seeing you tomorrow morning at the Palm Ridge Recreation Center from 10‐11:30 a.m. Staff will 
provide an overview of the planning process followed by an open house event where everyone will have the chance to 
share input and learn more about the plan update.  
  
White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan Community Meeting 
Date: Thursday, August 24, 2023 
Time: 10‐11:30 a.m. 
Location: Palm Ridge Recreation Center, 13800 W. Deer Valley Dr., Sun City West, AZ 85375  
This event is free and open to the public. Feel free to pass along this registration link to your friends and family.  
  
Learn more about the White Tank Grand Avenue Area Plan at: Maricopa.gov/WhiteTankGrandAve 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn

93
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
randy gross <ydnar144@msn.com>
Sent:
Thursday, August 24, 2023 2:28 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
White Tanks Grand Avenue Plan
Adam, 
 
With the incredible growth and demand for industrial property in Surprise, I would like to call attention to a 
part of Surprise that seems to be overlooked. 
  
This is the area north of Happy Valley and west of 217th Avenue. This area is located in the Luke Aux I noise 
overlay area.  Currently there are no roads or infrastructure and no residential or any development in the 
immediate vicinity. 
  
There is a block of land totaling 192 acres (9 parcels) that are owned by only 6 owners. While this "greenfield" 
property needs utilities for development, the complete lack of residential near this area and proximity to 
highways (minutes to US 60 ) and rail give it great potential for heavy industrial, industrial, warehouse, 
storage, solar etc. The Luke Aux 1 overlay/restrictions guarantee that any business that locates in this area will 
not have to deal with future residential conflict.  Business development would be protected by the isolated 
location of this property.  The Surprise general plan calls for "Employment."  
  
My wife and I own 10 acres (503‐81‐‐005S and Q) in this block of 192 acres.  All the 6 owners are investors 
who have held the property for many years. This would be a great opportunity for a developer to master 
plan/develop these 192 acres in conjunction with Surprise, Maricopa County and Luke AFB.  
  
Please look at the Maricopa County assessor parcel and aerial maps of these contiguous properties:  503‐81‐
005C, T, S, Q, M, K and 503‐81‐001B, 2B and 3B. This will show both the isolation and industrial potential of 
the property. These parcels are surrounded by State Trust Land and Federal land. 
  
Please keep this area in mind as you develop the White Tanks Grand Avenue Plan. While at first glance the 
Luke AFB‐1 overlay implies residential restrictions, it also connotes great potential for development 
opportunities that otherwise could not be located in most areas of the Valley. I believe highlighting these 
opportunities should be a part of the Plan that you are developing. 
 
Please do not hesitate to contact me if any other information is needed or if you wish to discuss. 
  
Sincerely, 
Randy Gross 
Tempe, AZ 
ydnar144@msn.com 
(480)695‐7566

94
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, August 16, 2023 6:03 PM
To:
Terri Hogan
Cc:
KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey; Adam Cannon (PND); Madison 
Macias; Sandra Hoffman
Subject:
Re: Virtual Community Meeting - White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan
Great! I’m sure the community will appreciate the accommodations. 
‐Kimberly 
 
On Aug 16, 2023, at 6:00 PM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote: 
  
We will try Kim.. we’ve sent an email to the school to confirm and a spoke to Joe Liberty from Whispering Ranch today 
and he is good with either time.  
   
Don’t post anything at this point until we confirm the time and then we will send you some outreach materials to use if 
you wish..  
   
Thank you,  
Terri  
   
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, August 16, 2023 9:38 AM 
To: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov>; Madison Macias <mmacias@logansimpson.com> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
sophospsmartbannerend 
Hi Terri  
   
Great! Thank you for scheduling that. Is there any chance you can push that to 6pm to allow for more attendance from 
that side of the community? I suspect you’ll get a larger turnout. I can post on the groups’ pages that you have planned 
the session.  
   
Michelle and I would like to try to attend the Aug 24th mtg to get further informed before meeting with you. My 
husbands surgery was postponed so I hopefully can make that meeting.  
   
‐ Kimberly  
 
On Aug 15, 2023, at 10:30 AM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
  
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

95
Hi Kim,  
   
Just checking in about possible times for a virtual meeting.  No pressure at all and we would also like you to know that 
there is an in person meeting being planned for September 27, 2023 at 4:30pm at the Morristown Elementary 
School.  As develop marketing materials for this meeting we can forward you the details so you can distribute it in your 
circles if you’d like.  
   
Thank you,  
Terri  
   
   
Terri S. Hogan, AICP  
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922  
   
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
<image001.png>

96
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Saturday, July 29, 2023 2:48 PM 
To: Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; McKayla Dunfey <mdunfey@logansimpson.com>; Adam Cannon (PND) 
<adam.cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
I will get together with Michele and figure out a couple of dates that might work. My husband is getting ready to have major surgery next week so my availability this next month is going to be somewha 
sophospsmartbannerend 
I will get together with Michele and figure out a couple of dates that might work. My husband is getting ready to have 
major surgery next week so my availability this next month is going to be somewhat limited, but if we can do something 
virtual, that would be helpful.   
‐ Kimberly  
 
On Jul 27, 2023, at 11:55 AM, Terri Hogan <thogan@logansimpson.com> wrote:  
  
Hi Kimberly and Michelle,  
   
First off, thank you for attending the virtual community meeting on July 19th.  We hope to see you in 
person at the next community meeting on Thursday, August 24th at the Palm Ridge Recreation 
Center, 13800 W Deer Valley Dr, Sun City West, AZ 85375.  We are also trying to schedule a rural 
community meeting in September and will keep you posted on that date and venue.  
   
Adam forwarded us your email exchange below; we would love to schedule a virtual interview with 
you in the next couple weeks to talk about your knowledge perspective for the area as well any input 
you have for goals, policies, and actions related to the area plan update.   If would, give us a few days 
and times that work best for you in the next couple weeks, and we will send you an invite for an hour 
discussion.  
   
Thank you in advance!  
Terri  
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

97
   
   
Terri S. Hogan, AICP  
Senior Planner  
                    
Logan Simpson                                       
51 W. 3rd St., Ste. 450   
Tempe, AZ 85281                                   
P 480-967-1343  
C 623-208-0922  
   
thogan@logansimpson.com  
www.logansimpson.com  
<image002.png>  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
From: Kimberly Virostek <kimberly@thevsticks.com>  
Sent: Saturday, July 22, 2023 9:47 AM 
To: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> 
Cc: KV@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com; Rural Residents Surprise <ruralsurprise@gmail.com> 
Subject: Re: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
Hi Adam

98
   
Thank you for reaching out. My primary concern is that feedback is being obtained from the rural residents who are 
being affected by development, and reasonable concerns are then reflected in policies/goals/objectives towards 
protecting their way of life through responsible and respectful development.   
   
Michelle and I are rural Surprise residents who live near 219th/Sun Valley Pkwy. We have been working with the City of 
Surprise for the last 2 years on rural concerns and protecting our way of life. Most recently we’ve been partnering on the 
current GP update which includes a new Rural Residential Overlay character sub area, goals/policies intended to help 
protect rural living, and a new zoning district under development ‐ Desert Rural ‐ which is more reflective of our way of 
life than current zoning designations.   
   
The GP is under 60 day review and our community workgroup is developing additional feedback so I do expect some 
changes to what is posted currently.   
   
Home | Surprise General Plan Update  
surprisegpupdate.com  
The linked image cannot be displayed.   
The file may have been moved, renamed,  
or deleted. Verify that the link points to  
the correct file and location.
 
 
   
We’d like the County to consider similar efforts and we’d like to meet and chat more. It would be great if you could give 
us a review of the land use and development status so we can get ourselves oriented on what the future already holds.   
   
‐Kimberly  
 
 
 
 
 
From: Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov>  
Sent: Friday, July 21, 2023 3:31 PM 
To: kv@thevsticks.com; onelstaples@gmail.com 
Subject: Virtual Community Meeting ‐ White Tank/Grand Avenue Area Plan  
   
   
 
CAUTION: This email originated from outside the organization. Do not click links or open attachments 
unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

99
sophospsmartbannerend 
Good morning Kimberly and Michelle,  
   
My name is Adam Cannon and we met on the virtual meeting that took place on Wednesday.  I am reaching out to you 
to get feedback about the meeting and about our early efforts on the plan.  
   
We appreciated your feedback during the meeting and are still evaluating the most appropriate location for a future 
meeting.  I will let you know that we are looking at different venues that can accommodate various rural communities 
for the third meeting. Once we have a date, time and location secured we will reach out to you and others with the 
details.  
   
As I explained at the end of the meeting, the first meeting is introductory.  Our goal was to introduce folks to what an 
area plan is and what it is not.  As noted, the plan is made up of guidance/policy for decision makers and is not 
regulatory.  
   
Moreover, the plan reflects a consensus‐building effort and vision of the area with input provided from many residents, 
business owners, employees, the development community and other stakeholders which is why your input is so 
important. We welcome and encourage your participation throughout the planning process, as well as your feedback on 
the draft plan as it takes shape.  The more feedback we have from you and other stakeholders the better this plan will 
be!    
   
Please feel free to contact me with any questions or to provide input on the plan and we will be sure to include you in 
the notifications and updates as we go along.  
   
Thank you!  
   
<image003.png>  
Adam Cannon, AICP  
Senior Planner  
Planning & Development  
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003  
O: 602-506-3301  
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov

100
[ Maricopa.Gov ]  
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101
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Larry Woods <lwoodsusa@gmail.com>
Sent:
Friday, August 4, 2023 1:06 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
WTGA Plan
Hi, Adam 
 
If you are looking for any volunteer help to promote the White 
Tank Grand Avenue project, I would be willing to help.  I have 
been involved with various civic organizations in the Sun City West 
area for over 15 years; president of the Property Owners and 
Residents Association (PORA), Sun City West, for six of those 
years.  I guess the point I want to make is that I know my way 
around this area.  I think I would get a vote of confidence from 
Scott Isham or Clint Hickman, for that matter. 
Let me know if I can help in any way. 
 
Larry Woods 
Sun City West 
 
Office:  623-556-8949 
Cell:     602-369-5049 
 
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transmission.

103
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
joeliberty@cox.net
Sent:
Thursday, July 6, 2023 2:58 PM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Whispering Ranch info
Attachments:
Driving Directions.pdf; Easements & Map.pdf; I-11 labeled.pdf; Ranch Referrals.pdf; Research 
Sites.pdf; W R Map.pdf; W R Roadways.pdf; West Valley.pdf; Whispering Ranch Information - May 
2023
I’ve been working that area for 20 years.  And assembling a lot of info on the area during that time. 
 
It’s going to interesting to see how folks out there respond to this action.  I know they want more infrastructure, 
but don’t want the city to come out there. 
 
Here’s some of the stuff I send to folks asking about the area.  
 
Let me know if I can help. 
 
Joseph D. (Joe) Liberty 
Designated Broker / Owner 
Liberty Southwest Realty, LLC 
 
Phone:   (602) 505-7675 
E-Mail:   JoeLiberty@cox.net 
 
Whispering Ranch Information Site . . . www.WhisperingRanchAZ.com

104
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Thursday, June 29, 2023 6:00 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Assured Water Supply Committee Meeting 6/27/2023
Attachments:
Pumping Groundwater Has Changed Earth’s Spin, Study Finds - The New York Times.pdf
Here is another tidbit I found in NYTimes.   
 
On Wed, Jun 28, 2023 at 7:44 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Thank you Sheryl for this information on this issue.  We will send this to our consultant to inform the existing conditions 
of the area. 
  
Best regards, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2023 5:08 AM 
To: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com> 
Subject: Assured Water Supply Committee Meeting 6/27/2023

105
  
I listened to the Assured Water Supply Committee meeting .... very serious .... staff slides may be downloaded below ... 
cllick on 'Presentation". 
  
The issue of unmet demand is shown on slides 10‐11.  Slide 12 is the meat and potatoes .... so be prepared to drink 
effluent and/or pay for new water infrastructure to distill brackish water or desal ocean water.  
 
https://azwater.gov/meetings/assured‐water‐supply‐committee‐meeting 
  
About the committee ...  https://new.azwater.gov/gwpc 
  
Many thanks to Gov. Hobbs for bringing this issue to light.

106
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, June 28, 2023 7:46 AM
To:
Adam Cannon (PND)
Subject:
Re: Assured Water Supply Committee Meeting 6/27/2023
great. excellent meeting. 
 
On Wed, Jun 28, 2023 at 7:44 AM Adam Cannon (PND) <Adam.Cannon@maricopa.gov> wrote: 
Thank you Sheryl for this information on this issue.  We will send this to our consultant to inform the existing conditions 
of the area. 
  
Best regards, 
  
 
Adam Cannon, AICP 
Senior Planner 
Planning & Development 
301 W Jefferson St. Phoenix, AZ 85003 
O: 602-506-3301 
E: adam.cannon@maricopa.gov  
[ Maricopa.Gov ] 
Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | LinkedIn 
  
  
  
  
From: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>  
Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2023 5:08 AM 
To: Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com> 
Subject: Assured Water Supply Committee Meeting 6/27/2023

107
I listened to the Assured Water Supply Committee meeting .... very serious .... staff slides may be downloaded below ... 
cllick on 'Presentation". 
  
The issue of unmet demand is shown on slides 10‐11.  Slide 12 is the meat and potatoes .... so be prepared to drink 
effluent and/or pay for new water infrastructure to distill brackish water or desal ocean water.  
 
https://azwater.gov/meetings/assured‐water‐supply‐committee‐meeting 
  
About the committee ...  https://new.azwater.gov/gwpc 
  
Many thanks to Gov. Hobbs for bringing this issue to light.

108
Adam Cannon (PND)
From:
Sheryl Hamlin <sherylhamlin@gmail.com>
Sent:
Wednesday, June 28, 2023 5:08 AM
To:
Sheryl Hamlin
Subject:
Assured Water Supply Committee Meeting 6/27/2023
I listened to the Assured Water Supply Committee meeting .... very serious .... staff slides may be downloaded below ... 
cllick on 'Presentation". 
 
The issue of unmet demand is shown on slides 10‐11.  Slide 12 is the meat and potatoes .... so be prepared to drink 
effluent and/or pay for new water infrastructure to distill brackish water or desal ocean water.  
 
https://azwater.gov/meetings/assured‐water‐supply‐committee‐meeting 
 
About the committee ...  https://new.azwater.gov/gwpc 
 
Many thanks to Gov. Hobbs for bringing this issue to light.