Comprehensive Road Safety Update

This report provides an update on the Street Transportation Department’s efforts
related to comprehensive road safety to improve the safety on Phoenix roadways.
Additionally, based on the Oct. 20, 2021, Transportation, Infrastructure and Planning
Subcommittee discussion, this item also provides information and requests possible
action on a proposal to become part of the Vision Zero Network and incorporate
“Vision Zero” into the goals of the City’s Comprehensive Road Safety Action Plan.

THIS ITEM IS FOR DISCUSSION AND POSSIBLE ACTION.

Summary
This update addresses the status of the Comprehensive Road Safety Action Plan
(RSAP) and near-term safety improvements at three intersections specifically identified
for funding at the March 2, 2021, City Council meeting, as well as an update on other
ongoing transportation safety initiatives. This item also provides an opportunity for
discussion and possible action to incorporate “Vision Zero” into the goals of the City’s
Comprehensive RSAP.

The potential benefits of becoming recognized as a Vision Zero City include:
· Improved competitiveness for federal funding from the recently adopted Bipartisan
Infrastructure Law, which includes elements that provide specific funding for the
development and implementation of a “Vision Zero” safety action plan;
· Given Phoenix’s status among the deadliest roadways in the nation, it provides a
clear and prominent commitment to the community of the City’s goal and plans to
seek to eliminate roadway deaths and serious injuries;
· Provides a catchy term to help communicate the City’s goal toward zero traffic-
related deaths and serious injuries; and
· Joins Phoenix to a network of 51 other Vision Zero cities nationwide with the same
goal but unique approaches within their action plans.

It is also important to note that becoming a Vision Zero Network-recognized city does
not entail universal measures, like blanket reductions of speed limits or widespread
lane reductions. Each roadway segment and intersection would continue to be


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evaluated individually based on the unique needs, environment, and community input
specific to the location. Phoenix’s action plan will be completely distinctive based on
expert staff and consultant evaluation and recommendations, community input, and
Council approval.

Additional detail regarding Vision Zero is provided later in the report.

Background
Recent traffic fatalities within the City increased from 177 fatalities in 2019 to 185
fatalities in 2020. Of the 185 fatalities in 2020, 69 were pedestrians (a decrease of four
percent from 2019), three were bicyclists (a decrease of three fatalities from 2019) and
113 were motor vehicle related (an increase of 23 percent from 2019, excluding
pedestrian and bicycle collisions).

The most recent, but unofficial data for 2021 shows a total of 232 traffic fatalities (an
increase of 24 percent from 2020), which includes 97 pedestrian-related fatalities (an
increase of 40 percent from 2020), eight bicyclists (an increase of five fatalities from
2020), and 127 motor vehicle-related fatalities (an increase of 12 percent from 2020,
excluding pedestrian and bicycle collisions). Of the 127 motor vehicle-related fatalities,
32 of these involved motorcyclists.

The Street Transportation Department (Streets) strives to provide an accessible City
with safe mobility options for everyone regardless of their mode of transportation.
Streets staff work with Citywide data related to traffic collisions to make sound
decisions about road safety. These efforts are best described by the “Four E's”
approach to traffic safety that is based on the strategic interaction between Evaluation,
Engineering, Enforcement and Education. Streets staff recognizes that investments in
Evaluation and Engineering programs can yield significant dividends and greatly
improve road safety. However, roadway users’ behaviors that frequently disregard
traffic laws greatly impact road safety, and so Enforcement and Education are also key
components to addressing overall traffic safety.

In 2018, Council approved the formation of the Office of Pedestrian Safety to address
pedestrian safety issues. Due to overall road safety issues and to provide a
comprehensive approach to all traffic collisions, on March 2, 2021, Council
unanimously approved funding for the development of a Comprehensive RSAP,
funding for safety enhancements for three intersections listed on Maricopa Association
of Governments’ Top 100 Intersections Ranked by Crash Risk - Using 2015-19 Crash
Data (MAG Top 100 List) and additional staff to support those efforts. The three
intersections on the MAG Top 100 List specified for safety enhancements were:



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· 75th Avenue and Indian School Road;
· 19th Avenue and Southern Avenue; and
· 16th Street and Camelback Road.

All three of the projects are now in the construction phase, as notices to proceed have
been issued to Streets' contractors.

Road Safety Action Plan
The RSAP will be a comprehensive safety plan applying a data-driven decision-making
process to guide the identification and prioritization of transportation safety
improvements with a “Four E's” approach. Streets staff immediately began the process
of recruiting a transportation safety professional to lead and manage the development
and implementation of the RSAP, and to also develop the scope of work to identify and
select a consultant to assist Streets staff in the preparation of the RSAP. In April 2021,
Streets staff hired a traffic engineer to lead the comprehensive road safety efforts.
Additionally, Streets staff selected and issued a notice to proceed to Y2K Engineering
in June 2021, to serve as the prime consulting firm to develop the RSAP, safety
analysis tools, and an interactive safety dashboard.

Multiple workshops have been held by the RSAP team to identify, evaluate, and
coordinate the road safety efforts with multiple City departments and divisions within
Streets. The goal of these workshops has been to build inter- and intra-departmental
support; open additional lines of communication; and better evaluate existing data,
processes, and procedures that impact road safety.

Two inter-departmental Visioning and Emphasis Area Workshops were conducted to
bring various stakeholders together within the City to gain a stronger understanding
and provide input into the RSAP development. The first workshop was held on Sept.
28, 2021, and provided RSAP background information and visioning, and the second
was held on Oct. 15, 2021, and focused on proposals for safety emphasis areas for
the RSAP.

Public Involvement Plan
Public engagement is crucial to developing and implementing a successful RSAP.
Streets staff has developed a Public Involvement Plan (PIP) working with a consultant
and in coordination with Council. The PIP establishes a website for public information
and comments, and interactive participation in two Citywide meetings, and eight
Council District-specific meetings for each phase of the two-phase traffic safety
improvements effort. Whether these events and meetings are virtual or in-person will
depend on COVID guidelines in place at that time. The intent of the PIP effort is to


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engage with the community to gather input on the public’s localized priorities for road
safety, create awareness, educate, and receive comments and feedback regarding the
RSAP.

A virtual Citywide meeting was held on Nov. 16, 2021, and is posted and available as a
recorded meeting on the RSAP project website. The public website is live and features
a MetroQuest engagement survey that will remain live through the completion of the
Phase I public engagement meetings in February 2022. Streets staff conducted one of
the eight Council District-specific meetings in December, and has two meetings
scheduled for later this month or early February, and is working to schedule the
remaining meetings to take place by the end of February.

The RSAP project website can be found at phoenix.gov/roadsafety.

RSAP - Evaluation and Engineering
With respect to the Evaluation and Engineering components of the "Four E's," the
RSAP team has reviewed and utilized the crash data from MAG's Regional
Transportation Safety Information Management System (RTSIMS) and drafted the
Phoenix Crash Safety Review (Attachment A), which was finalized in mid-September.
The Phoenix Crash Safety Review provides a high-level summary of crash data for the
City and will be utilized to help identify safety emphasis areas.

The RSAP team is also reviewing nearly 40 completed Road Safety Assessments to
identify potential common themes that may warrant modifying existing standards,
processes, or procedures.

As the RSAP is a data-driven plan, data and data integration are of primary concern.
Multiple data sources from various City departments have been identified and will be
reviewed for integration. Various technologies and business analytics tools will be used
to identify safety related patterns. Additionally, a high-injury network has been
developed (Attachment B) to identify locations with strong potential for safety
enhancements. Finally, a safety dashboard is also being developed to report on safety
performance metrics, enhancing transparency and accessibility of the data to the
community.

These safety analytic tools will be updated and managed to scan the roadway network
for locations where safety may be improved by installing a traffic signal, a High-
Intensity Activated CrossWalk (HAWK) signal, or left turn phase protection. The
automation of the screening process will reduce the effort currently required to identify
potential safety improvement locations.



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RSAP - Enforcement and Education
Streets and Police staff are working in partnership in the development of the RSAP.
The scope for the RSAP consultant includes evaluating additional data analytics tools
that can assist Police staff with Enforcement and Education activities. The RSAP team
anticipates that additional Enforcement and Educational opportunities will be identified
and developed as the Evaluation and Engineering tasks included in the RSAP near
completion.

RSAP - Near-Term Safety Projects
The completion of all phases of the community engagement process and development
of the RSAP is expected to be complete by September 2022. The Council also
approved near-term safety projects through known and proven safety-improvement
strategies, which Streets staff will implement as the RSAP is developed.

As approved by the Council on March 2, 2021, Streets staff will make improvements to
three intersections from the MAG Top 100 List. These intersections will be redesigned
and reconstructed to updated traffic signal standards. The process of reconstructing
traffic signals has demonstrated substantial safety benefits, while furthering the City’s
ability to manage traffic capacity and congestion. The three intersections (75th Avenue
and Indian School Road, 19th and Southern Avenues, and 16th Street and Camelback
Road) will receive expedited traffic safety improvements in a two-phase effort.

Phase I improvements will primarily modernize the traffic signals at each location with
design and construction utilizing in-house and on-call contractor capabilities. The
signal modernization is comprised of providing new traffic signal heads above each
through lane, improved intersection illumination with a streetlight fixture at each side of
marked crosswalks, emergency vehicle preemption, vehicular video detection, Closed-
Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessibility,
signal-related signage, network communication, Flashing Yellow Arrow capabilities, as
well as new poles, mast arms, wiring, conduit, mounting hardware, control cabinets
and controller equipment. Phase I improvements can be completed within existing right
-of-way and without the need for construction easements or utility relocations. Phase I
design plans for all three intersections have been completed, and construction has
begun. For the 19th and Southern Avenues intersection, the third southbound curb
lane that ends just south of Southern Avenue will transition into an exclusive right-turn
lane just north of Southern Avenue, allowing for an extension of the southbound bike
lane with a buffer from Southern Avenue to Lynne Lane.

Phase II improvements will begin immediately after Phase I improvements. Phase II
safety improvements may require the acquisition of additional right-of-way,
construction easements, and utility relocations; all of which can have an impact on


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delivery timelines. Phase II safety improvements are expected to include additional
streetlights along the approaches to the intersections to improve illumination and
visibility, as well as signing and pavement striping/marking modifications. For the 16th
Street and Camelback Road intersection, there will be additional evaluation for
enhanced crosswalk locations, including installation of a HAWK signal(s) to address
the pedestrian activity associated with the retail, residential, dining and car dealerships
in the area. On-street parking and loading zones may also be evaluated for this
intersection.

As the total costs for improvements to these three intersections are identified, Streets
staff will identify additional intersections from the MAG Top 100 List to receive similar
safety improvements within the initial $6 million authorized by Council in March 2021.

Office of Pedestrian Safety
The Office of Pedestrian Safety (OPS) also uses a multi-departmental, data-driven
approach with emphasis on the Four E's. The OPS is allocated an annual budget of $2
million to address pedestrian safety across the City through various projects and
programs. To date, the City has installed 71 HAWK signals with another 22 locations
currently programmed for installation. The OPS has initiated an effort to upgrade all
mid-block arterial street crosswalks to high visibility crosswalks with improved signage
and markings.

The OPS has also initiated a study to evaluate mid-block marked crosswalks and the
conversion of Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons to either circular yellow flashing
beacons or HAWK signals. A significant portion of pedestrian fatalities occur at night
where there is no or limited street lighting. The OPS has initiated several projects to
provide additional streetlights in those areas. Education is also a major component of
pedestrian safety with education primarily focused on school-aged children through the
Safe Routes to School Program.

Traffic Operations and Intelligent Transportation Systems
Streets staff has additional existing programs and initiatives that address road safety
concerns and needs. Neighborhood traffic mitigation evaluations, primarily utilizing
signing, striping, and speed cushions/humps to deter excessive speed and cut-through
traffic, are regular activities. Review of access control of new developments to provide
safer ingress and egress by restricting certain traffic movements is also conducted on
a regular basis.

Further, as Streets staff completes pavement preservation projects, lane narrowing to
provide dedicated bike lanes or add bike lane buffers is also considered to improve
bicycle safety and encourage lower vehicular speeds.


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The City has 1,162 standard traffic signals, many of which are not designed to current
national standards. To address this, each year Streets staff implements signal
modernization projects, which are typically comprised of providing new traffic signal
heads above each through lane, improved intersection illumination with a street light
fixture at each side of marked crosswalks, emergency vehicle preemption, vehicular
video detection, CCTV cameras, ADA accessibility, signal related signing, network
communication, Flashing Yellow Arrow capabilities, as well as new poles, mast arms,
wiring, conduit, mounting hardware, control cabinets and controller equipment. To
highlight how signal modernization projects can address safety, the addition of an
individual signal head per traffic lane is a proven traffic safety measure that is shown to
improve driver compliance with traffic signals and should reduce the frequency of
drivers running red lights. Red light running crashes, which are caused by a failure to
yield right-of-way or disregarding traffic signals at intersections, often lead to severe
angle or left-turn crashes, which are the most violent and deadly roadway crashes.

Streets staff has utilized HAWK signals to reduce risk and improve safety for
pedestrians at high- or critical-crossing locations. To improve HAWK signal user
experience and compliance, Streets staff modified its HAWK signals for quicker
actuation when the activation button is pressed. Previously, HAWK signals were
activated only after the progression window ended but now are activated immediately
after the button is pushed if there is not a conflict with traffic progression, reducing the
wait time for pedestrians to safely cross at a HAWK signal location.

Streets staff has also increased deployment of Flashing Yellow Arrows (FYAs) at
signalized intersections. A significant number of roadway fatalities are due to drivers
not yielding the right-of-way while making left turns and being struck by oncoming
vehicles. The use of FYAs provides a protected phase and/or permitted phase
dependent upon traffic conditions, and is a proven traffic safety measure that improves
safety and vehicular delay.

The use of network communication technologies enables real-time traffic control to
reduce unexpected bottle necks that may result in reduced rear-end crashes due to
unexpected traffic queuing. Streets staff is actively working to further expand the fiber
communication network to allow improved connectivity between traffic signals and the
Traffic Management Center to improve response to incidents and events within the
transportation system.

Regional, State, and Federal Funding
Streets staff continues to leverage local funding with opportunities for regional, state,
and federal funding to improve road safety, taking advantage of the Highway Safety


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Improvement Program (HSIP) administered by ADOT and MAG's Road Safety
Program (RSP). Streets staff completed a HSIP grant funding application for enhanced
corridor street lighting improvements for 14 locations Citywide with a grant value
exceeding $3 million. Streets staff has also completed applications for the current
MAG RSP cycle requesting two additional HAWK signals and two traffic signals on
behalf of the OPS. The RSAP will improve the process that Streets staff uses for
screening safety needs and increase competitiveness for these grant programs.

Vision Zero Communities
The Vision Zero Network is a U.S.-based non-profit organization that advocates for
cities to adopt the core philosophy of Vision Zero: that traffic-related deaths and
serious injuries are preventable. The Vision Zero Network recognizes cities that take
action towards adopting this approach to road safety as a "Vision Zero Community."
Additional information about the Vision Zero Network and the steps to pursue this
designation is included as Attachment C. One of the key steps towards this
recognition is a political commitment to adopt the goal of eliminating all traffic-related
deaths. If Phoenix were to consider becoming a Vision Zero Community, a suggested
resolution for this action is provided as Attachment D.

Phoenix's existing efforts on its Comprehensive RSAP do closely align with the
framework of a Vision Zero Action Plan, with its emphasis on meaningful community
engagement and data driven, systems-based strategies to improve road safety for all
Phoenicians.

Fifty-one cities in the United States have been recognized by the Vision Zero Network.

Financial Impact
The City Council approved the allocation of $3 million in Streets' Transportation 2050
(T2050) revenues and $3 million in General Fund resources over five years to support
near-term road safety projects.

Concurrence/Previous Council Action
The Citizens Transportation Commission:
· Recommended City Council approval of the development of the RSAP on Jan. 28,
2021, by a vote of 15-0; and
· Was provided with an update on the RSAP on Oct. 28, 2021.

The Transportation, Infrastructure and Innovation Subcommittee recommended City
Council approval for the development of the RSAP on Feb. 3, 2021, by a vote of 4-0.



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The City Council approved development of the RSAP, completion of near-term
projects, and additional staffing resources on March 2, 2021.

The Transportation, Infrastructure and Planning Subcommittee was provided with an
update on the RSAP on Oct. 20, 2021.

Responsible Department
This item is submitted by Deputy City Manager Mario Paniagua and the Street
Transportation Department.




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Attachment A




Phoenix Crash Safety Review Using MAG
RTSIMS Data

Final Report
September 28, 2021


PREPARED FOR:




PREPARED BY:
Y2K Engineering, LLC.
Project No. 21-059B


1921 S. Alma School Rd, Ste 204, Mesa, AZ 85210


480.696.1701


info@y2keng.com




Page 12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................................... iv
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 6
GENERAL TRENDS .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
CRASHES BY MONTH ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
CRASHES BY DAY OF WEEK ............................................................................................................................................ 11
CRASHES BY TIME OF DAY .............................................................................................................................................. 12
CRASHES BY LOCATION .................................................................................................................................................. 12
BEHAVIOR CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................................................................... 16
TRENDS BY PERSON TYPE .............................................................................................................................................. 17
PEDESTRIANS ................................................................................................................................................................... 17
BICYCLISTS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20
OLDER DRIVERS (Age 65 and Older) ............................................................................................................................. 22
YOUNGER DRIVERS (Age 24 and Younger) .................................................................................................................. 24
TRENDS OF FATAL AND SERIOUS INJURY CRASHES ................................................................................................ 26
KA CRASHES BY COLLISION MANNER .......................................................................................................................... 26
KA CRASHES BY MONTH ................................................................................................................................................. 27
KA CRASHES BY DAY OF WEEK....................................................................................................................................... 27
KA CRASHES BY TIME OF DAY ........................................................................................................................................ 28
KA CRASHES BY LOCATION ............................................................................................................................................ 28
KA CRASHES BY BEHAVIOR ............................................................................................................................................ 30
COMPARISON TO STATEWIDE AND REGIONAL SAFETY TRENDS ........................................................................... 31
PEDESTRIANS ................................................................................................................................................................... 34
BICYCLISTS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 36
OLDER DRIVERS (65 and older) ..................................................................................................................................... 37
YOUNGER DRIVERS (24 and below) .............................................................................................................................. 38
CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................................................... 39

LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: RTSIMS Query Outputs




RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page i
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Number of Crashes per Year and Collision Manner ..................................................................................... 9
Table 2: Number of Pedestrian and Bicyclists Crashes per Year and Collision Manner .................................... 10
Table 3: High Crash Risk Intersections (Intersection Safety Score) ....................................................................... 14

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: City of Phoenix Population Comparison to State and County ................................................................ 7
Figure 2: Total Number of Crashes per Year and Injury Severity (Local and Arterial Roads) .............................. 8
Figure 3: Total Number of Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes per Year (Local and Arterial Roads) .................... 8
Figure 4: Number of Crashes by Month (2015-2019) ................................................................................................. 10
Figure 5: Number of Serious Injury and Fatal Crashes by Month (2015-2019)..................................................... 11
Figure 6: Number of Crashes by Day of the Week (2015-2019) ............................................................................... 11
Figure 7: Share of Crashes by Light Condition, 2015-2019 ...................................................................................... 12
Figure 8: Number of Crashes by Hour of the Day and Light Condition (2015-2019) .......................................... 12
Figure 9: Crash Location Relative to Junctions, by Year .......................................................................................... 13
Figure 10: Injury Severity of Intersection-Related Crashes ...................................................................................... 13
Figure 11: Collision Manner of Intersection-Related Crashes ................................................................................. 13
Figure 12: High-Crash Intersections (Top 20 Intersection Safety Score) .............................................................. 15
Figure 13: Number of Crashes Involving Impaired Drivers, by Hour ...................................................................... 16
Figure 14: Number of Crashes Involving Unrestrained Drivers, by Year and Injury Severity ............................ 16
Figure 15: Speed-Related Collisions, by Year and Injury Severity .......................................................................... 17
Figure 16: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Year ................................................................... 18
Figure 17: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Year............................................................... 18
Figure 18: Number of Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Month ............................................................................ 19
Figure 19: Number of Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Hour .............................................................................. 19
Figure 20: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Year ........................................................................ 20
Figure 21: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Collision Manner (2015-2019)........................... 20
Figure 22: Number of Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Month ................................................................................ 21
Figure 23: Number of Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Hour ................................................................................... 21
Figure 24: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Older Drivers, 2015-2019............................................................ 22
Figure 25: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Year ............................................................ 22
Figure 26: Number of Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Month.......................................................................... 23
Figure 27: Number of Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Hour ............................................................................ 23
Figure 28: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, 2015-2019 (N=62,512) .................................. 24



RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page ii
Page 14
Figure 29: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Year ....................................................... 24
Figure 30: Number of Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Month..................................................................... 25
Figure 31: Number of Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Hour ....................................................................... 25
Figure 32: Crashes by Collision Manner and Severity, 2015-2019 .......................................................................... 26
Figure 33: Number of Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes, by Month, 2015-2019 ................................................... 27
Figure 34: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Day of the Week ................................................... 27
Figure 35: Share of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes by Light Condition, 2015-2019 ..................................... 28
Figure 36: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Hour and Lighting Condition ............................ 28
Figure 37: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Relation to the Intersection .............................. 29
Figure 38: Number of Intersection-Related Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Collision Manner ........... 29
Figure 39: Frequency of Unrestrained Driving and Speed Violation in KA Crashes............................................ 30
Figure 40: Total Crashes Comparison of State of Arizona, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix.......................... 31
Figure 41: Crash Severity Comparison of State of Arizona, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix (2015-2018) .. 32
Figure 42: Fatal Crashes Comparison of Arizona, Maricopa County, and City of Phoenix ................................ 32
Figure 43: Total Number of Fatalities (Persons) per Year Comparison, Arizona and City of Phoenix ............ 32
Figure 44: 2019 Fatalities and Percent Changes From 2018, by State (Person-Level). ...................................... 33
Figure 45: Percentage of Total Fatalities Involving Pedestrians, by State (Persons) ......................................... 34
Figure 46: Share of Total Fatalities Who Were Pedestrians, Comparison across Geographies ....................... 34
Figure 47: Pedestrian Crashes per Year, Comparison across Geographies ......................................................... 35
Figure 48: Severity of Pedestrian Crashes, Comparison across Geographies (2015-2018) ............................... 35
Figure 49: Bicycle Crashes per Year, Comparison across Geographies ................................................................ 36
Figure 50: Severity of Bicycle Crashes, Comparison across Geographies (2015-2018)...................................... 36
Figure 51: Older Driver Crashes per Year, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix ....................................................... 37
Figure 52: Severity of Older Driver Crashes, MAG Region and Phoenix (2015-2018) .......................................... 37
Figure 53: Younger Driver Crashes per Year, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix .................................................. 38
Figure 54: Severity of Younger Driver Crashes, MAG Region and Phoenix (2015-2018) ..................................... 38




RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page iii
Page 15
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The City of Phoenix is currently in the process of developing a Comprehensive Roadway Safety Action Plan,
which will further shape the City’s planning efforts in roadway safety. This project involves a review of
current safety trends, existing programs and processes, and public/stakeholder involvement to create a
vision and plan for the future. This memorandum is intended to provide a preliminary overview of historical
crash trends within the City of Phoenix within the past five years. In later stages of this project, a dynamic
crash dashboard will be developed to provide enhanced abilities in data analytics and reporting.
In the initial stages of this project, crash queries were obtained through the Maricopa Association of
Governments (MAG) software tool for crash analysis, the Regional Transportation Safety Information
Management System (RTSIMS). This report uses existing tools to conduct a safety analysis of the past five
years, and compares trends to regional and statewide data. The following key findings are based on a
review of RTSIMS crash data from 2015 to 2019:
• An annual average 30,376 crashes per year were reported during the five year study period. This
equates to 83 crashes per day.
• Crashes on arterial and local roadways in the City of Phoenix increased by a rate of about 4.4% per
year. This trend suggests that the crash frequency increased at a higher rate than the City’s
population, which in the same period grew 1.5% per year, on average.
• Most crashes result in no injury (70%), approximately one-quarter result in possible or minor injury
(27%), 2.6% result in serious injury, and 0.6% result in fatal injury. This equates to two serious injury
crashes occurring each day, and one fatal crash occurring every other day.
• The percentage of fatal and serious injury crashes has remained generally consistent over the past
five years; however the percentage of no injury crashes has steadily increased over time.
• For all crash severities, rear end crashes were the most common collision manner, followed by left-
turn crashes. These two crash types account for about half of all crashes.
• For fatal and serious injury crashes, the “Other” collision manner was reported most frequent
(25%), which is commonly selected for crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists. Other frequent
crash types for fatal and serious injury crashes were left-turn (23%) and angle (21%).
• Crashes involving unrestrained drivers (i.e, lack of seatbelt or helmet use) have reduced in
frequency.
• Due to lack of protection on impact, pedestrians and bicyclists (vulnerable users) are more
frequently seriously injured when involved in motor vehicle crashes. In the City of Phoenix, crashes
involving bicyclists and pedestrians represent nearly half (48%) of all fatal crashes.
• A greater share of pedestrian crashes is occurring in Phoenix compared to other agencies within
the MAG Region. Phoenix represents 36% of Maricopa County’s population and about 43% of the
County’s local and arterial road crashes; however, 63% of County crashes involving pedestrians
occurred on City of Phoenix’s local and arterial roads.
• Bicyclist crashes are occurring at a greater rate in Phoenix than in other agencies within the MAG
Region. About 43% of all crashes involving bicyclists in Maricopa County occurred on City of
Phoenix’s local and arterial roads.
• For all crash severities, the majority of crashes occur during daylight hours (71%), with the
remaining 29% of crashes occurring during dawn, dusk, or dark conditions.
• A correlation exists between injury severity and lighting condition; fatal and serious injury crashes
occurred more frequently during dawn, dusk, and dark conditions (45%) compared to daylight
conditions (55%).



RTSIMS Safety Review
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Page 16
MAG RTSIMS tool provided the ability to retrieve data quickly for numerous Citywide statistics. During the
analysis process, several discrepancies were identified when comparing to past Phoenix data, which is
common when comparing different datasets. The City of Phoenix conducts a robust data scrubbing process
each year, which confirms crashes exist within the City of Phoenix boundaries, omits freeway crashes, and
reviews characteristics of crashes in detail to correct the manner of collision if originally mis-coded. The
RTSIMS crash data is not scrubbed, and comes directly from ADOT ACIS. These differences, along with
variations in the querying process, are acknowledged as part of this report. This data contained in this
report is intended to provide preliminary information; later stages of this project will modernize the existing




RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page v
Page 17
INTRODUCTION
The City of Phoenix is currently in the process of developing a Comprehensive Roadway Safety Action Plan,
which will further shape the City’s planning efforts in roadway safety. This project involves a review of
current safety trends, existing programs and processes, and public/stakeholder involvement to create a
vision and plan for the future. This memorandum is intended to provide a preliminary overview of historical
crash trends within the City of Phoenix within the past five years. Through the development of the project,
a dynamic crash dashboard will be developed to provide enhanced abilities in data analytics and reporting.
In the initial stages of the project, crash queries were obtained through the Maricopa Association of
Governments (MAG) software tool for crash analysis, the Regional Transportation Safety Information
Management System (RTSIMS).
The City of Phoenix prepares comprehensive collision summary reports each year, documenting the past
year of motor vehicle, pedestrian, and bicycle-related crashes. This report uses existing tools (RTSIMS) to
conduct a supplementary safety analysis of the past five years, and compare trends to regional and
statewide data.
Crash data within the City of Phoenix was obtained for the past five years through the RTSIMS tool, from
January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019. At the time of the analysis, 2020 crash data was not available. The
RTSIMS platform compiles historical crash data from the Arizona Crash Information System (ACIS) crash
database maintained by the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT). The RTSIMS data excludes
freeways, highways, and ramps; only arterial, collector, and local roadways are included. RTSIMS refers to
this group as “Arterial and Local Roads”. This naming refers to roadway classification and does not imply
roadway ownership. The results of traffic safety data queries may differ slightly based on data source,
filtering assumptions, modifications to raw data, and/or query techniques. The RTSIMS safety review is
intended to identify trends and inform decisions to support roadway safety.
Due to the limited sample size of fatal crashes, fatal and serious injury crashes were combined to analyze
trends in critical crashes. Unlike less severe crashes, the most common collision manner for fatal and
serious injury crashes is “Other”, which primarily represents bicyclist and pedestrian crashes, followed by
left-turn and angle crashes. It was also observed that KA crashes are overrepresented in non-daylight
conditions.
According to the US Census Bureau Annual Population Estimates (Figure 1), the City of Phoenix’s
population has grown about 6% during the five years under study, from 2015 to 2019. In 2020, the City of
Phoenix’s residents represented 23% of Arizona’s population and 36% of Maricopa County’s Population.




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Arizona Maricopa County City of Phoenix


7.16 7.28
6.94 7.04
6.83 +6.6%




Population (Millions)
4.26 4.33 4.40 4.49 +7.5%
4.17




1.58 1.61 1.63 1.65 1.68
+6.1%




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 1: City of Phoenix Population Comparison to State and County
(Source: US Census Bureau, Annual Estimates of Resident Population)


GENERAL TRENDS
Since 2015, the total number of crashes within the City of Phoenix has been steadily increasing, with a total
of 31,827 crashes occurring in 2019 on the City’s local and arterial roadway network. Figure 2 shows the
number of crashes by injury severity for each year in the analysis period. The percentage of fatal crashes
has stayed relatively constant, ranging from 0.5% to 0.7% of all crashes. The percentage of serious injury
crashes varied between 2.1% and 3.2% of fatal crashes. The combined minor injury and possible injury
ranged has steadily decreased over the past five years, from 30.7% (2015) to 23.8% (2019). The share of no
injury crashes has increased over the past five years, from 66.0% (2015) to 73.6% (2019). This data suggests
a slight downward trend in the severity of crashes.
Figure 3 shows the number of fatal and serious injury crashes from 2015 to 2019, which combined are
trending towards fewer crashes since 2016.




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No Injury Possible Injury Minor Injury Serious Injury Fatal

202; 0.6% 230; 0.7% 172; 0.5%
192; 0.6%
665; 2.1%
976; 3.2% 875; 2.8% 749; 2.4%
155; 0.6%
3,058; 9.6%
746; 2.8% 3,707; 12.0% 3,627; 11.7% 3,378; 10.9%
4,509; 14.2%
2,769; 10.3% 4,400; 14.2%
5,018; 16.2% 5,139; 16.5%




Number of Crashes
5,508; 20.4%




21,019; 21,263; 22,269; 23,423;
17,828;
68.0% 68.4% 71.8% 73.6%
66.0%




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Figure 2: Total Number of Crashes per Year and Injury Severity (Local and Arterial Roads)



Serious Injury Fatal








Number of Crashes


746 749




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 3: Total Number of Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes per Year (Local and Arterial Roads)




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Crash data from 2020 was not available through RTSIMS at the time of this report. Based on a preliminary
review of 2020 crash data, total number of crashes decreased by about 20% from 2019 crashes, which is
presumed to be related to lower vehicle miles travelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The share of
fatal and incapacitating injury crashes remained generally consistent with the previous five years; however,
the share of no injury crashes followed the same positive trend (increasing from 73.6% in 2019 to 74.2% in
2020). Preliminary 2021 crash data, obtained through the Phoenix Police Department Vehicle Crimes Unit
(VCU), indicate that there were 114 fatal crashes during the first six months of 2021.

Table 1 shows the distribution of crashes on City of Phoenix local and arterial roads by collision manner for
the past five years. The most frequently-reported crash types were rear-end crashes (29% of all reported
crashes) followed by left-turn crashes (23% of all crashes). Together, rear-end and left-turn crashes
represent about half of all crashes.
Table 1: Number of Crashes per Year and Collision Manner
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total %
Rear-end (Front-To-Rear) 8,319 9,144 9,002 8,811 8,870 44,146 29.1%
Left Turn 5,864 6,658 7,070 7,120 7,678 34,390 22.6%
Angle (Front to Side) (Other Than Left Turn) 5,246 5,434 5,448 5,434 5,404 26,966 17.8%
Sideswipe, Same Direction 3,259 4,176 4,149 4,374 4,602 20,560 13.5%
Single Vehicle 2,045 2,223 2,192 2,224 2,191 10,875 7.2%
Other (Includes Pedestrians and Bicyclists) 1,002 1,309 1,324 1,116 1,046 5,797 3.8%
Head-on (Front-To-Front) (Other Than Left Turn) 488 666 673 696 743 3,266 2.2%
Sideswipe, Opposite Direction 349 556 616 625 645 2,791 1.8%
Rear-To-Rear 163 430 277 230 195 1,295 <1%
Rear-To-Side 161 183 193 193 208 938 < 1%
Unknown 110 133 162 203 245 853 < 1%
Total 27,006 30,912 31,106 31,026 31,827 151,877

Note: The City of Phoenix uses a data scrubbing process to improve consistency of coding for collision manner. For
example, the City of Phoenix defines left-turn crashes as involving vehicles originally traveling in the opposing
(parallel) direction. If a crash involves a left-turning movement, but the vehicles originate in perpendicular paths,
the collision is defined as an angle crash. The results of Table 1 were summarized using RTSIMS data, which does
not involve the City of Phoenix scrubbing process. Therefore, these results vary from City of Phoenix scrubbed data,
which identifies that the leading manner of collision is rear-end crashes, followed by angle crashes, then left-turn
crashes.

Table 2 shows the number of pedestrian and bicyclist crashes per year, as well as the injury severity.
Pedestrian crashes have been slowly increasing over the past five years, while bicyclist crashes have been
decreasing. An initial review of 2020 data indicates consistency with these trends.

Over the five-year period, pedestrians were involved in an average of 86 fatal crashes per year, and bicyclists
were involved in an average of 8 fatal crashes per year. Combined, crashes involving pedestrians and
bicyclists represent nearly half (48.6%) of all fatal crashes. Preliminary 2021 crash data, obtained through
the Phoenix Police Department VCU, indicate that there a total of 114 fatal crashes reported in the first six
months of 2021, 52 (45.6%) of which involved pedestrians, and 4 (3.5%) of which involved bicyclists.


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Table 2: Number of Pedestrian and Bicyclists Crashes per Year and Collision Manner
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total
Bicyclists 438 485 470 384 298 2,075
No Injury 35 35 17 14 0 101
Possible Injury 157 151 152 129 118 707
Minor injuries 185 219 235 186 147 972
Serious Injury 53 71 52 52 26 254
Fatal 8 9 14 3 7 41
Pedestrians 617 771 813 825 820 3,846
No Injury 30 24 9 9 0 72
Possible Injury 153 164 194 186 247 944
Minor injuries 247 306 319 332 347 1,551
Serious Injury 127 189 197 187 148 848
Fatal 60 88 94 111 78 431
All Crashes 27,006 30,912 31,106 31,026 31,827 151,877



CRASHES BY MONTH
Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the frequency of crashes in the City of Phoenix (arterial and local roads) by
month. The month-to-month trends are consistent between all crashes, serious injury crashes, and fatal
crashes. March registered the highest number of crashes, including fatal and injury crashes. The month with
the fewest reported crashes was July, which correlates with lower summer traffic volumes. Lower traffic
volumes in June and July are often associated with school breaks, seasonal resident travel, lower
pedestrian and bicyclist activity, and lower traffic volumes in general due to the high temperatures.

All crashes Average Temperature* (⁰F)

16,000 120
14,000




Number of Crashes
12,000



Temperature (oF)
10,000
8,000 60
6,000
4,000
2,000
- 0




Figure 4: Number of Crashes by Month (2015-2019)


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Serious injury Fatal
409 398
377 369
332 328 314
294 291




Number of Crashes
276 275




80 77 83 71 84 78 85 75 84
65 67




Figure 5: Number of Serious Injury and Fatal Crashes by Month (2015-2019)



CRASHES BY DAY OF WEEK
Figure 6 shows the distribution of crashes by weekday. Crashes occur most frequently on Fridays, while the
fewest crashes occur on Sundays. Fatal crashes occur most often on Saturdays and Sundays, and occur
less frequently on Mondays.

Serious injury Fatal All crashes

30,000 800
25,000




Fatal and Serious Injury
20,000

All Crashes
15,000 400
10,000
5,000
- -




Figure 6: Number of Crashes by Day of the Week (2015-2019)



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CRASHES BY TIME OF DAY
Figure 7 shows that the majority of
crashes (71%) occurred under Light Condition (N=151,845)
daylight conditions, with 29% of 2.2% < 1% (Not Available) Dark- Lighted
crashes occurring during dawn,
dusk, or dark conditions.
Dark- Not lighted
Figure 8 shows how the crashes are
distributed by lighting conditions 23.6% Dark- Unknown lighting
over the course of the day. In
addition to the AM peak around 7 to 1.6% Dawn
8 AM, a large number of crashes
< 1%
occur during the PM peak from 3 to 6 Daylight
PM. 70.7% 1.5%
Crashes involving dawn and dusk Dusk
conditions were limited between 4
to 7 AM and 4 to 7 PM, respectively. Not available


Figure 7: Share of Crashes by Light Condition, 2015-2019

Dark Dawn Daylight Dusk Not Available






Number of Crashes





0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
HOUR
Figure 8: Number of Crashes by Hour of the Day and Light Condition (2015-2019)

CRASHES BY LOCATION
To classify a crash’s relation to the junction, crashes were separated by Junction Type as either an
Intersection/Interchange crash or a Non-Intersection/Non-Interchange crash. Figure 9 shows where the
location type of crashes that occurred during the study period of 2015 to 2019.




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Intersection/Interchange Non-interchange and Non-intersection


47% 49% 48% 50% 48%


53% 51% 52% 50% 52%


2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
(N=27,006) (N=30,912) (N=31,106) (N=31,026) (N=31,827)
Figure 9: Crash Location Relative to Junctions, by Year

Figure 10 shows the injury severity between the three location types. In general, crashes are slightly more
severe at intersections and interchanges, compared to segment collisions, which correlates with the
greater frequency and types of collisions/conflict points possible.

Non-interchange and Intersection/ Interchange
non-intersection (N=78,078)
(N=73,799)
2% <1% 3% <1%
No injury
10% 12%
Possible injury
14% Minor injury
18%
67% Serious injury
73%
Fatal



Figure 10: Injury Severity of Intersection/Interchange-Related Crashes

The collision manner of intersection and interchange crashes is shown in Figure 11. The three most
common crash types at intersections are left-turns, rear-ends, and angle crashes, respectively.
Number of Crashes
Left turn 23,310
Rear end 20,647
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn) 17,146
Sideswipe same direction 7,827
Other 3,467
Single vehicle 3,279
Head on 1,263
Sideswipe opposite direction 1,139
Figure 11: Collision Manner of Intersection/Interchange-Related Crashes




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To rank the intersections based on a holistic safety analysis, the MAG’s network screening methodology
was used to classify the City of Phoenix’s intersections per their safety score. The scoring methodology
combines three safety attributes on the intersection, including crash frequency, crash severity, and crash
type. The three factors are weighted together for the final Intersection Safety Score, with crash severity as
50%, crash frequency as 25%, and crash type as 50% of the weighting. Table 3 and Figure 12 show the Top
20 intersections with the highest Intersection Safety Score within the City of Phoenix.
The intersections with the greatest crash risk exist at 1) 75th Avenue and Indian School Road, 2) 67th Avenue
and Indian School Road, and 3) 67th Avenue and McDowell Road. Formal Road Safety Assessments (RSA)
have been conducted at 10 of the Top 20 high crash risk intersections.

Table 3: High Crash Risk Intersections (Intersection Safety Score)
Rank, Rank, Crash Crash Crash
RSA # Final
City of MAG Location Frequency Severity Type
Conducted? Crashes Score
Phoenix Region Score (CF) Score (CS) Score (CT)
1 1 2015*,2021* 75th Ave & Indian School Rd 251 1.06 1.36 1.29 1.26
2 2 2013, 2015*, 67th Ave & Indian School Rd 273 1.15 1.32 1.18 1.24
2021*
3 3 2016 67th Ave & McDowell Rd 246 1.04 1.30 1.27 1.23
4 4 99th Ave & Lower Buckeye Rd 316 1.33 1.23 0.91 1.17
5 6 51st Ave & McDowell Rd 201 0.85 1.09 1.23 1.06
6 8 43rd Ave & Bethany Home Rd 194 0.82 1.08 1.16 1.03
7 9 2021* 75th Ave & McDowell Rd 215 0.91 1.07 0.97 1.01
8 10 2019* 27th Ave & Camelback Rd 203 0.86 1.07 0.97 1.00
9 13 7th Ave & Indian School Rd 191 0.81 0.97 1.10 0.96
10 14 75th Ave & Thomas Rd 192 0.81 1.01 1.01 0.96
11 15 35th Ave & Bethany Home Rd 194 0.82 0.99 1.04 0.96
12 16 2018 43rd Ave & Peoria Ave 196 0.83 1.06 0.89 0.96
13 17 2021 35th Ave & Glendale Ave 188 0.79 0.99 1.05 0.96
14 18 2021 24th St & Baseline Rd 204 0.86 1.00 0.92 0.95
15 19 2013 51st Ave & Indian School Rd 193 0.81 0.96 1.03 0.94
16 21 43rd Ave & Northern Ave 186 0.79 0.95 0.97 0.91
17 23 43rd Ave & McDowell Rd 184 0.78 0.97 0.90 0.91
18 24 2021* 83rd Ave & Indian School Rd 170 0.72 0.95 1.00 0.90
19 27 43rd Ave & Glendale Ave 190 0.80 0.94 0.82 0.88
20 28 2018 35th Ave & Bell Rd 150 0.63 0.89 1.08 0.87

Note: *Location was studied as part of a corridor RSA.




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Figure 12: High-Crash Intersections (Top 20 Intersection Safety Score)



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BEHAVIOR CHARACTERISTICS
In the period of 2015 to 2019, alcohol and drug-impaired drivers were responsible for 7,487 crashes, which
represents 5% of all crashes on local and arterial roads in the City of Phoenix. However, of all 4,962 fatal and
serious injury crashes, 1,117 (22%) were associated with impaired drivers. Figure 13 shows the distribution
of crashes involving impaired drivers (alcohol, drugs) by the hour of the day. Unlike the total number of
crashes that show two distinct peaks of crashes over the AM and PM traffic peaks (Figure 8), crashes
involving impaired drivers are mostly concentrated during the late hours of the night (7 PM to 3 AM).


568 575
533 546 546
469 481




Number of Crashes
320 296
212 220
142 143 153
117 109 108 99 108 106



0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figure 13: Number of Crashes Involving Impaired Drivers, by Hour
During the five years analyzed in this report, the total number of crashes involving unrestrained drivers
show a steady decline. From 2015 to 2019, unrestrained driver crashes have reduced by approximately 20%.
Figure 14 shows the injury severity of such crashes over the years. On average, about 7% of unrestrained
driver crashes are fatal crashes, which is a significantly larger share compared to all crashes.

No injury Possible injury Non-incapacitating injury Incapacitating injury Fatal

115 61 46
110 120 61 40




Number of Crashes
96 100
270 249
234 206
163 164 138

309 264 266
250 252


2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 14: Number of Crashes Involving Unrestrained Drivers, by Year and Injury Severity




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Figure 15 shows the severity associated with speed-related crashes across the study period. While on
average about 70% of speed-related crashes result in no injury, close to 2% of such crashes result in serious
injury or fatality.
No Injury Possible Injury Minor injury Major injury Fatal


35 37 42
282 244 186 37
46 190
260 1,871 1,935 1,798 1,719
1,600
2,552




Number of Crashes
2,826 2,764 2,598
2,985




10,772 10,947 11,181 10,844
9,894




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Note: Violation considered was “Speed too fast for conditions”.
Figure 15: Speed-Related Collisions, by Year and Injury Severity


TRENDS BY PERSON TYPE
This sub-section of the report further explores crashes involving pedestrians, bicyclists, older drivers, and
younger drivers. The analysis period is from 2015 to 2019. Pedestrian and bicyclists are considered to be
vulnerable roadway users; as there is little to no protection in collisions with motor vehicles. Crashes
involving pedestrians and bicyclists are more likely to result in critical injuries.

PEDESTRIANS
Figure 16 shows the injury severity of crashes involving pedestrians on the City of Phoenix’s local and
arterial roads from 2015 to 2019. While most (70%) motor-vehicle crashes result in no injury, that is not the
case for crashes that involve pedestrians. Rather, 11% of crashes involving pedestrians were fatal and 22%
resulted in serious injuries. In the five studied years, the number of crashes involving pedestrians trended
upward, with 2019 crashes representing a 33% increase from 2015.




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No injury Possible injury Minor injury Serious injury Fatal



94; 11.6% 111; 13.5% 78; 9.5%
88; 11.4%
148; 18.0%
197; 24.2% 187; 22.7%
60; 9.7% 189; 24.5%




Number of Crashes
127; 20.6%

347; 42.3%
319; 39.2% 332; 40.2%
306; 39.7%
247; 40.0%




153; 24.8% 247; 30.1%
164; 21.4% 194; 23.9% 186; 22.5%

30; 4.9% 24; 3.1% 9; 1.1% 9; 1.1% 0; 0%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 16: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Year


Figure 17 shows the collision manner for the crashes involving pedestrians. As most of the collision manner
categories developed for the Arizona Crash Report form are oriented towards motor vehicles, the most
common collision manner reported on pedestrian crashes was “Other”, which is often selected by the
responding police officer for crashes involving pedestrians or bicyclists.

No injury Injury Crashes Fatal Crashes
Number of Crashes
Other 31 1923 420
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn) 9 585 1
Left turn 10 323 7
Head-on 7 224 0
Unknown 2 91 2
Rear-end 6 72 1
Sideswipe same direction 5 71 0
Sideswipe opposite direction 2 41 0
Rear-to-side 0 10 0
Rear-to-rear 0 3 0

Figure 17: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Year


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Figure 18 and Figure 19 show the distribution of pedestrian crashes by month and by hour, respectively.
The months with the highest frequency of crashes involving pedestrians are November and December. The
hours with the highest frequency of crashes involving pedestrians occur in the evening, from 6:00 pm to
9:00 pm.

401 401
365 371
300 294




Number of Crashes




Figure 18: Number of Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Month



343 337






Number of Crashes
232 241
204 197
173 172
122 116 114 118
107 106
56 46 48



0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figure 19: Number of Crashes Involving Pedestrians, by Hour




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BICYCLISTS
Similar to pedestrian crashes, crashes involving bicyclists registered higher rates of fatalities and serious
injuries, with virtually no crashes being reported as property damage only (Figure 20). During the past five
years, the number of bicycle-related crashes have trended downward. From 2015 to 2019, the number of
crashes involving bicyclists has reduced by 32%.
No injury Possible injury Minor injury Serious injury Fatal



9; 1.9%
14; 3.0%
8; 1.8%




Share of Bicyclist Crashes
71; 14.6%; 52; 11.1%
53; 12.1% 3; 0.8%
52; 13.5%
7; 2.3%
185; 42.2% 219; 45.2% 235; 50.0% 26; 8.7%
186; 48.4%
147; 49.3%

157; 35.8% 151; 31.1%
152; 32.3% 129; 33.6%
118; 39.6%
35; 8.0% 35; 7.2% 17; 3.6% 14; 3.6% 0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 20: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Year


Figure 21 shows the collision manner for crashes involving bicyclists. As it was observed for pedestrian
crashes, the most common collision manner was “Other”. However, for crashes involving bicyclists, a
significant share of crashes was a result of angle crashes.
No injury Injury Crashes Fatal Crashes
Number of Crashes
Other 29 817 41
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn) 51 761 0
Left turn 6 152 0
Sideswipe same direction 5 73 0
Head-on 5 52 0
Rear-end 1 36 0
Unknown 1 21 0
Sideswipe opposite direction 2 19 0
Rear-to-side 1 1 0
Rear-to-rear 0 1 0

Figure 21: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Collision Manner (2015-2019)



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Figure 22 and Figure 23 show the distribution of crashes involving bicyclists by month and by hour,
respectively. The month with the highest number of crashes involving bicyclists was March. The highest
number of crashes involving bicyclists correlates with vehicular morning and afternoon peak hours.




197 194
184 186 186 189
178 182




Number of Crashes
138 140




Figure 22: Number of Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Month





150 161




Number of Crashes


105 107 106 100
96 97
82 86

33 34
19 26
6 8 9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figure 23: Number of Crashes Involving Bicyclists, by Hour




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OLDER DRIVERS (Age 65 and Older)
Older drivers (age 65 and older) were involved in 20,425 (13%) of all incidents reported in the City of
Phoenix’s local and arterial roads from 2015 to 2019. Figure 24 shows the injury severity of those crashes.

All Crashes (N=151,877) Older Drivers (N=20,425)
2.8% 0.7%
2.6% 0.6%

No injury
12%
11% Possible injury
16% 17% Minor injury
70% 67% Serious injury
Fatal



Figure 24: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Older Drivers, 2015-2019


The most common collision manner of crashes involving older drivers were rear-end and left-turn crashes
are shown in Figure 25. Figure 26 shows the distribution of older driver crashes by month and Figure 27
shows the distribution by hour of the day. The month with the highest number of crashes involving older
drivers was March. The greatest frequency of older driver crashes occurs in the afternoon, from 2pm to 4pm.

No injury crashes Injury crashes Fatal crashes
Number of Crashes
- 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

Rear-end 3,670 1,769 12
Left turn 3,230 2,050 28
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn) 2,717 1,604 26
Sideswipe same direction 2,787 327 0
Other 245 351 50
Single-vehicle 277 174 9
Head-on 195 177 11
Sideswipe opposite direction 267 88 1
Rear-to-rear 116 57 0
Rear-to-side 119 18 0
Unknown 12 20 1


Figure 25: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Year




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1,912 1,859 1,860
1,767 1,770
1,687 1,705 1,697 1,685
1,613
1,426 1,444



Number of Crashes




Figure 26: Number of Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Month




1,976
1,820 1,826
1,639 1,609 1,614
1,468




Number of Crashes
1,321
1,146 1,168 1,183
1,000



467 449
186 201
90 59 99
35 36 33

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figure 27: Number of Crashes Involving Older Drivers, by Hour




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YOUNGER DRIVERS (Age 24 and Younger)
Younger drivers (age 24 and below) were involved in 62,512 (41%) of all incidents reported in the City of
Phoenix’s local and arterial roads from 2015-2019. Figure 28 shows the injury severity of those crashes.


All Crashes (N=151,877) Younger Driver (N=62,512)
2.6% 0.6% 2.3% 0.5%

No injury
11% 11% Possible injury
16% 17% Minor injury
70%
70% Serious injury
Fatal


Figure 28: Injury Severity for Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, 2015-2019 (N=62,512)



Non injury crashes Injury Crashes Fatal Crashes

Number of Crashes
Rear-end 13,661 5,264 12
Left turn 10,645 5,992 63
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn) 7,358 3,932 51
Sideswipe same direction 6,409 879 8
Single-vehicle 2,438 988 27
Other 729 694 109
Head-on 705 514 21
Sideswipe opposite direction 793 210 2
Rear-to-rear 413 147 0
Rear-to-side 258 35 0
Unknown 102 47 7


Figure 29: Collision Manner for Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Year
The most common collision manners of crashes involving younger drivers were rear-end and left-turn
crashes (Figure 29). Figure 30 shows the distribution of younger driver crashes by month and Figure 31
shows the distribution by hour of the day. The month with the highest number of crashes involving younger
drivers was March. An increase in crash frequency was associated with the AM and PM peaks of vehicular
travel.




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5,685
5,496 5,494 5,516 5,380
5,225 5,180 5,317 5,258
4,975
4,604
4,383




Number of Crashes




Figure 30: Number of Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Month




5,916 6,007
5,606


4,519
4,353
4,119




Number of Crashes
3,285 3,319
3,062
2,854
2,557
2,357
1,980 2,036 2,115
1,850 1,728
1,142
827 814
586 602 471


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figure 31: Number of Crashes Involving Younger Drivers, by Hour




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TRENDS OF FATAL AND SERIOUS INJURY CRASHES
This analysis uses the KABCO scale of crash severity, where “K” denotes a fatal crash, “A” is a serious injury
crash, “B” is a minor injury crash, “C” is a possible injury crash, and “O” is a property damage-only crash.
This subsection of the report further details crashes that resulted in at least one serious injury or fatality,
and this sub-set of crashes are referred to as “KA” or “KSI” Crashes. A review of critical crashes can identify
key trends for further investigation. Compared to reviewing fatal crashes only, reviewing the combination
of fatal and serious injury crashes provides a greater sample size and reduces the volatility between years.

KA CRASHES BY COLLISION MANNER
Figure 32 compares the collision manner of KA crashes with crashes that resulted in no injury, possible
injury, or minor injuries (BCO crashes). The most common collision manner of BCO crashes is rear-end
crashes, while the most common collision manner for KA crashes is “Other”. It is important here to note
that the “Other” category is often used to describe the collision manner of crashes involving pedestrians
(Figure 17) and crashes involving bicyclists (Figure 21). The second and third most common collision
manners for KA crashes are left-turn and angle crashes, respectively.

No injury, possible injury, and non-incapacitating injury crashes (N=146,915) KA crashes (N=4,962)



5%
Other
25%

7%
Single vehicle
11%

23%
Left turn
23%

18%
Angle (front to side)(other than left turn)
21%

2%
Head on
5%

30%
Rear end
10%

14%
Sideswipe same direction
3%

2%
Sideswipe opposite direction
1%

Figure 32: Crashes by Collision Manner and Severity, 2015-2019



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Page 38
KA CRASHES BY MONTH
Figure 33 shows the distribution of KA crashes by month in the period of 2015 to 2019. Consistent with
overall crash trends, the month with the highest number of fatal crashes was March and the lowest number
of fatal crashes was observed in July.

481 462
425 444




Number of KA Crashes
399 398
360 372 358




Figure 33: Number of Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes, by Month, 2015-2019

KA CRASHES BY DAY OF WEEK
Figure 34 shows the distribution of fatal and serious injury crashes by day of the week. The day with the
highest frequency of serious crashes was Friday, and Sunday was the day with the lowest frequency of KA
crashes.
805 823
646 651




Number of KA Crashes




Figure 34: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Day of the Week




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Page 39
KA CRASHES BY TIME OF DAY
Light Condition (N=4,962)
When analyzing all crashes in the City of 2.3% < 1%
Phoenix’s local and arterial roads together, Dark- Lighted
only 26% of them occur in dark conditions
(Figure 7). However, 40% of KA crashes were Dark - Not lighted
reported to have occurred in dark conditions.
32.7% Dark- Unknown lighting
Figure 35 shows that KA crashes are
overrepresented in non-daylight conditions. Dawn
55.3%
Daylight

3.1% Dusk
4.1%
Not available
2.1%

Figure 35: Share of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes by
Light Condition, 2015-2019


Dark Dawn Daylight Dusk Not available








Number of KA Crashes





0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Figure 36: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Hour and Lighting Condition

KA CRASHES BY LOCATION
The same criteria to determine the relationship to the closest junction applied to all crashes was applied
to KA crashes. Figure 37 shows the crash location by year; about 50% of KA crashes were related to
intersections or interchanges.




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Page 40
Intersection/Interchange Non-intersection/Non-Interchange




44% 49% 47% 47%
53%




56% 51% 53% 53%
47%



2015 (N=901) 2016 (N=1,168) 2017 (N=1,077) 2018 (N=979) 2019 (N=837)

Figure 37: Number of Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Relation to the Intersection
When comparing the collision manner on intersection-related serious crashes (Figure 38) and all crashes
(Figure 11), it can be seen that while rear-end crashes are the second most common intersection-related
crashes, they represent less than 10% of serious crashes. The most common collision manner of
intersection-related KA crashes were left-turn and angle crashes.




34% 34% 37% 34% 34%


Left turn

Angle (front to side)(other than left turn)

Other
29% 29% 28% 29%
27%
Rear end

Single vehicle

14% Head on
18% 16% 18% 18%
Sideswipe same direction
10%
8% 10% 6% 8%
Sideswipe opposite direction
7% 5%
6% 5% 7%
4% 3% 2% 4%
2% 2% 3% 3% 3% 1%
1% 1% 1% 1% 1%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
(N=503) (N=596) (N=566) (N=464) (N=445)

Figure 38: Number of Intersection/Interchange-Related Fatal and Serious Injuries Crashes, by Collision Manner



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Page 41
KA CRASHES BY BEHAVIOR
Figure 39 depicts the frequency of unrestrained driving and speed violation in serious injury and fatal injury
crashes. Crashes involving unrestrained drivers represent 16% of KA crashes, and speed-related crashes
represent 29% of KA crashes.

All KA Crashes Unrestrained Driver Speed violation

1,400 100%
1,200
80%




Number of Crashes
1,000
800 60%

600 35.1%
28.8% 28.0% 30.1% 40%
25.8%
20%
19.8% 14.6% 15.4% 16.0% 16.7%
0 0%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 39: Frequency of Unrestrained Driving and Speed Violation in KA Crashes




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Page 42
COMPARISON TO STATEWIDE AND REGIONAL SAFETY TRENDS
Nationwide summaries of all crashes are available from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) Annual Report Tables. NHTSA reports on a yearly basis crash summaries by diverse aspects, such
as injury severity, first harmful event, and collision manner.
The Arizona Strategic Traffic Safety Plan (ADOT STSP), published in October 2019, summarizes crash data
from the ACIS database from 2009 to 2018. The crash statistics in the ADOT STSP are primarily reported at
the person-level, which varies from the RTSIMS reporting, which is primarily at the crash-level. Furthermore,
the ADOT STSP does not make any distinction between local roads and freeways while RTSIMS reports (for
the purpose of this summary) focus on local and arterial roads only. For the purposes of this comparison,
statewide data at the crash-level was retrieved from the ACIS database.
From 2015 to 2018, 43% of the MAG Region’s local and arterial road collisions were registered in the City of
Phoenix (Figure 40). In terms of population, City of Phoenix residents represent 36% of Maricopa County’s
population. Figure 41 compares the injury severity of collisions reported in the state of Arizona, MAG Region
local and arterial roads, and City of Phoenix local and arterial roads. The results indicate that the fatality
rate (at the crash level) is rather similar among the geographies; from 2015 to 2018, 0.6% of all crashes
reported on local and arterial roads were fatal crashes, both in the City of Phoenix and in the MAG Region,
at the state level, about 0.7% of all reported crashes were fatal.

AZ - All Roads MAG - Local and Arterial Roads Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads

140,000 126,845 127,534 127,086 129,782
116,609 ↑11%
120,000 from 2015




Number of Crashes
100,000

80,000 ↑10%
from 2015
60,000 71,172
71,357 70,764
64,284
40,000 ↑18%
from 2015
20,000 30,912 31,106 31,026 31,827
27,006
-
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 40: Total Crashes Comparison of State of Arizona, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix




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Page 43
Arizona - All Roads MAG - Local and Phoenix - Local and
(N=489,074) Arterials Arterials (N=120,050)
(N=277,577)
3% 0.7% 3% 0.6% 3% 0.6%
No injury
12% 11% 11%
Possible injury
Minor injury 15% 16% 17%
69% 69% 68%
Serious injury
Fatal

Figure 41: Crash Severity Comparison of State of Arizona, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix (2015-2018)
In the same period, fatal crashes in the City of Phoenix corresponded to 46.6% of the MAG Region’s fatal
crashes. Figure 42 shows a similar comparison for fatal crashes registered on the two areas, in addition to
the total crashes in the state of Arizona. Figure 43 shows the number of fatalities (person-level) registered
per year in the state of Arizona and the City of Phoenix. During the five years under study, fatalities on the
percentage is slightly lower than the share of Arizona residents living in Phoenix in the same period (23%).

AZ - All Roads MAG - Local and Arterial Roads Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads
948 916 911
810 865




Number of Crashes
435 418 467
192 202 230 172


2015 2016 2017 2018 2019*

*Note: MAG data was sourced from the MAG Strategic Transportation Safety Plan, which analyzed data from 2009 to
2018. Data from 2019 was not available for comparison.

Figure 42: Fatal Crashes Comparison of Arizona, Maricopa County, and City of Phoenix

Arizona - All Roads City of Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads




Number of Individuals
952 998 1,011 980



201 212 245 180


2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Figure 43: Total Number of Fatalities (Persons) per Year Comparison, Arizona and City of Phoenix




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Page 44
From 2018 to 2019, the number of fatalities in Arizona decreased by 3%. Fatalities in the City of Phoenix
(local and arterial roads) decreased by 26% from 2018 to 2019 (Figure 43); however, the year-to-year
fluctuation in this data does not indicate a clear trend. National statistics on 2019 fatalities and percent
change trends from 2018 are shown in Figure 44.




Figure 44: 2019 Fatalities and Percent Changes From 2018, by State (Person-Level).
(Source: FARS Data, NHTSA Graph)




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Page 45
PEDESTRIANS
A large share of traffic fatalities involve pedestrians. Figure 45 shows that the State of Arizona was above
the national average, with pedestrians accounting for approximately 22% of 2019 fatalities. In the City of
Phoenix, the share of fatalities that is represented by pedestrians grew from 37% in 2015 to 44% in 2019
(Figure 46).




Figure 45: Percentage of Total Fatalities Involving Pedestrians, by State (Persons)
Source: FARS Data, NHTSA Graph
US - All Roads Arizona - All Roads Maricopa County* - All Roads Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads

44% 45% 46% 44%
37%




Share of Total Fatalities
34%
31% 17%
15% 28%
16% 17% 22%
18% 16%
26% 20% 23% 24% 30%




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
*Note: Maricopa County information obtained from ACIS database.
Figure 46: Share of Total Fatalities Who Were Pedestrians, Comparison across Geographies



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Page 46
Although the MAG STSP data does not exclude freeway crashes, an analysis of the data found that 98% of
total pedestrian crashes in the 10-year studied period (2009-2018) occurred off-freeway, on the local and
arterial roadway network. The analysis also found that the same percentage was true for bicycle-related
crashes. Therefore; the MAG STSP and RTSIMS datasets are reasonably similar for comparison purposes.
As shown in Figure 47, The percentage of pedestrian-related crashes was found to be 1.1% in all United
States, 1.1% in the State of Arizona, 1.7% in the MAG region, and 2.5% in the City of Phoenix.
Phoenix represents 36% of the County’s population and about 43% of local and arterial road crashes;
however, 63% of Maricopa County’s pedestrian-related crashes occurred in the City of Phoenix’s local and
arterial roads.
US - All Roads Arizona - All Roads MAG All Roads Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads

2.6% 2.7% 2.6%
2.5%
2.3%




Share of All Crashes
1.9%
1.1%
1.3% 1.7%
1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1%
0.8%
1.7% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3%
1.6%




2015 2016 2017 2018 2 0 1 9*

*Note: MAG data was sourced from the MAG Strategic Transportation Safety Plan, which analyzed data from 2009 to 2018. Data from
2019 was not available for comparison.

Figure 47: Pedestrian Crashes per Year, Comparison across Geographies
In terms of injury severity, the distribution of pedestrian-related crashes is very similar in the MAG Region
and the City of Phoenix (Figure 48). The majority of crashes (63%) of both datasets result in possible or
minor injury, while nearly one-quarter (22-23%) result in serious injury, and about 12% result in fatal injury.
Only a very small portion of pedestrian-related crashes result in no injuries (2-3%).
Phoenix - Local
Arizona - All Roads MAG - All Roads
and Arterials
(N=5,470) (N=4,803)
(N=3,026)
3% 3% 2%

No injury 12% 12%
15%
Possible injury 23% 24% 23%
21% 22% 23%
Minor injury
Serious injury
38% 39% 40%
Fatal



Figure 48: Severity of Pedestrian Crashes, Comparison across Geographies (2015-2018)




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Page 47
BICYCLISTS
As shown in Figure 49, the percentage of crashes involving bicyclists was similar between the two areas,
with an average of 1.5% of total crashes in the MAG Region and 1.5% in the City of Phoenix. The injury
severity distribution of bicyclist-related crashes is also similar between the two areas, as shown in Figure
50. The majority of crashes (78-79%) of both datasets result in possible or minor injury, 13% result in serious
injury, and 2% result in fatal injury. About 6-7% of bicyclist-related crashes resulted in no injuries.

US - All Roads Arizona - All Roads MAG All Roads Phoenix - Local and Arterial Roads
1.6% 1.5% 1.5%
1.6% 1.6% 1.5% 1.4%
1.2%
1.1%




Share of All Crashes
1.0%
0.8% 1.1% 1.0% 0.8%
0.9%
0.9% 0.8% 1.0%
0.7%




2015 2016 2017 2018 2 0 1 *9
*Note: MAG data was sourced from the MAG Strategic Transportation Safety Plan, which analyzed data from 2009 to 2018. Data
from 2019 was not available for comparison.

Figure 49: Bicycle Crashes per Year, Comparison across Geographies



Arizona - All Roads MAG - All Roads Phoenix - Local and
(N=5,101) (N=4,185) Arterials (N=1,777)

2.2% 2.0% 1.9%
No injury
6%
7% 7%
13%
13% Possible injury
13%

29% 31% 33% Minor injury

Serious injury
47% 46%
49%
Fatal



Figure 50: Severity of Bicycle Crashes, Comparison across Geographies (2015-2018)




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Page 48
OLDER DRIVERS (65 and older)
Other vulnerable user groups were also analyzed, including older drivers and younger drivers. Figure 51
compares the number of crashes involving older drivers on all roads of the MAG Region and City of Phoenix’s
local and arterial roads. Approximately 28% of the older driver crashes in the MAG Region were registered
on City of Phoenix’s local and arterial roads.

Older Driver Crashes - MAG All Roads Older Driver Crashes - Phoenix Local and Arterial Roads



14,712 15,244
14,222
13,098




Number of Crashes
4,087 4,107 4,279 4,405
3,547




2015 2016 2017 2018 2 0 1 9*

*Note: 2019 data was not available for the MAG Region per its Strategic Transportation Safety Plan.
Figure 51: Older Driver Crashes per Year, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix
Figure 52 shows a breakdown by injury severity for crashes on local and arterial roads involving older
drivers in the period of 2015-2018. Compared to crashes involving all age groups, the percentage of fatal
and serious injury crashes remained the same, with a slight shift from no injury to possible and minor injury
crashes. The trends of older drivers are quite similar between the MAG Region and City of Phoenix.

MAG (N=57,276) Phoenix (N=16,020)
3% 0.6% 3% 0.7%


No injury
12% 13%
Possible injury
17% 18% Minor injury
67% 65% Serious injury
Fatal




Figure 52: Severity of Older Driver Crashes, MAG Region and Phoenix (2015-2018)




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Page 49
YOUNGER DRIVERS (24 and below)
Figure 53 compares the number of crashes involving younger drivers on all roads of the MAG Region and
roads represented about 31% of crashes involving younger drivers in the MAG Region.

Young Driver Crashes - MAG All Roads Young Driver Crashes - Phoenix Local and Arterials


41,849 41,230 40,718
38,098




Number of Crashes 12,897 12,828 12,594 12,944
11,250




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019*

*Note: MAG data was sourced from the MAG Strategic Transportation Safety Plan, which analyzed data from 2009 to 2018. Data from
2019 was not available for comparison.

Figure 53: Younger Driver Crashes per Year, MAG Region, and City of Phoenix


Figure 54 shows that the severity of crashes on local and arterial roads involving younger drivers was similar
in both geographies. In addition, the younger driver crashes are generally consistent with the overall crash
summaries of each area for all age groups.


MAG (161,895) Phoenix (N=49,569)
2% 0.4% 0.5%
2%
No injury
12% 11%
Possible injury

16% Minor injury
17%
Serious injury
70% 70%
Fatal



Figure 54: Severity of Younger Driver Crashes, MAG Region and Phoenix (2015-2018)




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Page 50
CONCLUSION
Crash queries were obtained through the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) software tool for
crash analysis, the Regional Transportation Safety Information Management System (RTSIMS). This report
used existing tools to conduct a safety analysis of the past five years, and compared trends to regional and
statewide data. The following key findings are based on a review of RTSIMS crash data from 2015 to 2019:
• An annual average 30,376 crashes per year were reported during the five year study period. This
equates to 83 crashes per day.
• Crashes on arterial and local roadways in the City of Phoenix increased by a rate of about 4.4% per
year. This trend suggests that the crash frequency increased at a higher rate than the City’s
population, which in the same period grew 1.5% per year, on average.
• Most crashes result in no injury (70%), approximately one-quarter result in possible or minor injury
(27%), 2.6% result in serious injury, and 0.6% result in fatal injury. This equates to two serious injury
crashes occurring each day, and one fatal crash occurring every other day.
• The percentage of fatal and serious injury crashes has remained generally consistent over the past
five years; however the percentage of no injury crashes has steadily increased over time.
• Rear end crashes were the most common collision manner, followed by left-turn crashes. These
two crash types account for about half of all crashes.
• For fatal and serious injury crashes, the “Other” collision manner was reported most frequent
(25%), which is commonly selected for crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists. Other frequent
crash types for fatal and serious injury crashes were left-turn (23%) and angle (21%).
• Crashes involving unrestrained drivers (i.e, lack of seatbelt, helmet use) have reduced in frequency.
• Due to lack of protection on impact, pedestrians and bicyclists (vulnerable users) are more
frequently seriously injured when involved in motor vehicle crashes. In the City of Phoenix, crashes
involving bicyclists and pedestrians represent nearly half (48%) of all fatal crashes.
• A greater share of pedestrian crashes is occurring in Phoenix compared to other agencies within
the MAG Region. Phoenix represents 36% of Maricopa County’s population and about 43% of the
County’s local and arterial road crashes; however, 63% of County crashes involving pedestrians
occurred on City of Phoenix’s local and arterial roads.
• Bicyclist crashes are occurring at a greater rate in Phoenix than in other agencies within the MAG
Region. About 43% of all crashes involving bicyclists in Maricopa County occurred on City of
Phoenix’s local and arterial roads.
• For all crash severities, the majority of crashes occur during daylight hours (71%), with the
remaining 29% of crashes occurring during dawn, dusk, or dark conditions.
• A correlation exists between injury severity and lighting condition; fatal and serious injury crashes
occurred more frequently during dawn, dusk, and dark conditions (45%) compared to daylight
conditions (55%).
The MAG RTSIMS tool provided the ability to retrieve data quickly for numerous Citywide statistics. During
the analysis process, several discrepancies were identified when comparing to past Phoenix data, which is
common when comparing different datasets. The City of Phoenix conducts a robust data scrubbing process
each year, which confirms crashes exist within the City of Phoenix boundaries, omits freeway crashes, and
reviews characteristics of crashes in detail to correct the manner of collision if originally mis-coded. The
RTSIMS crash data is not scrubbed, and comes directly from ADOT ACIS. These differences, along with
variations in the querying process, are acknowledged as part of this report. This data contained in this



RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page 39
Page 51
report is intended to provide preliminary information; later stages of this project will modernize the existing




RTSIMS Safety Review
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Page 52
APPENDIX A: RTSIMS QUERY OUTPUTS




RTSIMS Safety Review
Road Safety Action Plan | Page 41
Page 53
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Year (Phoenix)
35K



30K



25K




Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
20K
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
15K



10K


5K



0K
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year




Year All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

2015 27,006 9,023 155 14,120 166
2016 30,912 9,701 192 14,688 201
2017 31,106 9,641 202 14,463 212
2018 31,026 8,527 230 12,637 245
2019 31,827 8,232 172 12,008 180




1 Page 54
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Year
(Phoenix)
24K

No Injury




Number of Crashes
20K Possible Injury
Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating Injury
16K Fatal
Unknown

12K



8K



4K



0K
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 17,828 5,508 2,769 746 155 0 27,006
2016 21,019 5,018 3,707 976 192 0 30,912
2017 21,263 5,139 3,627 875 202 0 31,106
2018 22,269 4,400 3,378 749 230 0 31,026
2019 23,423 4,509 3,058 665 172 0 31,827




2 Page 55
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Month (Phoenix)
14K


12K


10K




Number of Crashes
8K Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
6K


4K


2K


0K
January March May July September November
February April June August October December

Month




Month All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

January 12,337 3,781 80 5,668 87
February 12,553 3,726 77 5,602 83
March 13,809 4,188 102 6,320 107
April 13,146 3,948 83 5,978 88
May 12,474 3,761 71 5,679 75
June 11,359 3,334 84 5,035 86
July 10,920 3,239 65 4,901 67
August 13,199 3,800 78 5,732 83
September 12,736 3,786 67 5,698 68
October 13,267 4,028 85 6,009 93
November 13,065 3,825 75 5,789 80
December 13,012 3,708 84 5,505 87




3 Page 56
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Weekday (Phoenix)
28K



24K



20K




Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
16K
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
12K



8K


4K



0K
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Weekday




Weekday All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

Sunday 13,603 3,924 148 6,163 165
Monday 21,920 6,501 97 9,677 104
Tuesday 24,139 7,352 128 10,925 128
Wednesday 23,994 7,462 115 11,067 124
Thursday 24,394 7,367 151 11,059 162
Friday 26,020 7,533 153 11,430 157
Saturday 17,807 4,985 159 7,595 164




4 Page 57
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Hour (Phoenix)
16K


14K


12K




Number of Crashes
10K
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
8K Total Fatalities


6K


4K


2K


0K
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0 1,846 492 43 686 45
1 1,438 357 43 515 49
2 1,581 415 31 603 34
3 1,133 282 15 384 15
4 1,424 367 24 492 26
5 2,481 791 24 1,123 24
6 5,128 1,709 46 2,551 48
7 10,326 3,447 22 5,498 22
8 8,515 2,684 17 4,081 18
9 5,832 1,949 21 3,008 27
10 5,866 1,962 20 2,995 21
11 6,934 2,247 23 3,454 24
12 8,150 2,553 22 3,902 22
13 8,296 2,485 28 3,847 28
14 10,377 2,924 30 4,396 32
15 13,166 3,529 33 5,222 34
16 14,120 3,817 48 5,662 50
17 13,608 3,668 47 5,387 48
18 10,005 2,944 67 4,493 68
19 6,286 1,875 81 2,799 88



5 Page 58
Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

20 5,054 1,584 88 2,270 91
21 4,345 1,332 81 1,994 88
22 3,508 1,027 51 1,553 56
23 2,458 684 46 1,001 46




6 Page 59
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Collision Manner (Phoenix)
45K
40K
35K
30K
25K




Number of Crashes
20K
15K Total Crashes
10K Total Injuries
5K Total Fatalities
0K
N _E ER N
W HIC TI
N
TI
N
O_
E EA
R N R on H EA
KN LE O O SI D TH _T tto
O EC EC D O_ EA O U si D _O
GL R R LE d
UN E_ E_ E_ _T _T R FT turn (o e) N
VE D D EA R )
IR IR R EA th
SI M SI R R er
N IP T th
E_ _O an
SA PP le
O ft
ES IP (fr
W E LE
SID ES G
W AN
SID

Collision Manner




Collision Manner All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

UNKNOWN 853 208 21 267 23
SINGLE_VEHICLE 10,875 2,824 114 3,301 129
SIDESWIPE_SAME_DIRECTION 20,560 2,312 11 3,071 13
SIDESWIPE_OPPOSITE_DIRECTION 2,791 530 4 801 5
REAR_TO_SIDE 938 88 0 123 0
REAR_TO_REAR 1,295 315 0 483 0
REAR_END 44,146 12,372 42 18,618 43
OTHER 5,797 3,264 491 3,718 504
LEFT_TURN 34,390 12,247 117 20,044 123
HEAD_ON 3,266 1,340 43 2,226 50
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 26,966 9,624 108 15,264 114




7 Page 60
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Collision
Manner (Phoenix)
35K
30K
No Injury
25K




Number of Crashes
Possible Injury
20K Non-Incapacitating
15K Incapacitating Injury
10K Fatal

5K Unknown

0K
N N O D EA E M E_ TI O
tu _O _T TH _E D N
rn N R O_ IR EC
) EA UR ER O_ SI SIN TI
left D REA R D EC GL E_ O N
H LE _T VE
ha FT R R_T EA E_ H IC
n DIR U
LE
ot he REA R N KN
rt R SI O W
T _S N
si _O A
de)( PP IP
O E
on IP ES
tto E W
(fr ES SID
LE W
G SID
AN



Collision Manner

Collision Manner No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

UNKNOWN 624 92 83 33 21 0 853


SINGLE_VEHICLE 7,937 1,092 1,296 436 114 0 10,875


SIDESWIPE_SAME_DI 18,237 1,434 741 137 11 0 20,560
RECTION

SIDESWIPE_OPPOSIT 2,257 273 206 51 4 0 2,791
E_DIRECTION

REAR_TO_SIDE 850 51 32 5 0 0 938


REAR_TO_REAR 980 214 87 14 0 0 1,295


REAR_END 31,732 8,394 3,519 459 42 0 44,146


OTHER 2,042 1,118 1,464 682 491 0 5,797


LEFT_TURN 22,026 6,375 4,824 1,048 117 0 34,390


HEAD_ON 1,883 547 568 225 43 0 3,266


ANGLE (front to side) 17,234 4,984 3,719 921 108 0 26,966
(other than left turn)




8 Page 61
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Age (Phoenix)
60K
Note: This data reflects the age of Driver #1.

50K




Number of Crashes
40K

Total Crashes
Total Injuries
30K
Total Fatalities


20K



10K



0K
0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64 70-74 80-84 90-94 100-104 115-119 255-259
5-9 15-19 25-29 35-39 45-49 55-59 65-69 75-79 85-89 95-99 110-114 250-254

Age




Age All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0-4 15,012 5,044 58 10,327 79
5-9 13,433 4,610 57 9,807 72
10-14 13,047 4,686 66 9,808 74
15-19 41,762 13,697 216 24,805 275
20-24 52,790 16,849 312 28,302 352
25-29 46,706 14,698 255 24,645 283
30-34 37,610 12,038 194 19,859 212
35-39 32,390 10,307 189 17,208 207
40-44 28,351 9,012 150 14,790 159
45-49 27,132 8,924 146 14,531 153
50-54 24,501 8,072 186 13,036 192
55-59 21,184 6,869 148 10,821 153
60-64 15,723 5,305 136 8,482 138
65-69 11,171 3,798 91 6,159 93
70-74 7,282 2,520 64 4,168 64
75-79 4,441 1,567 55 2,594 57
80-84 2,528 887 31 1,510 31
85-89 1,327 465 20 755 21
90-94 386 134 8 225 9
95-99 60 23 1 40 1



9 Page 62
Age All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

100-104 4 2 1 8 1
110-114 1,088 260 22 441 22
115-119 2,525 1,137 163 2,842 178
250-254 151 38 0 58 0
255-259 32,424 6,618 43 8,987 45




10 Page 63
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Sex (Phoenix)
240K



200K




Number of Crashes
160K
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
120K Total Fatalities



80K



40K



0K
F M U

Sex




Sex All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

18,466 3,093 43 3,885 45
F 188,984 63,102 841 111,383 937
M 221,819 70,564 1,581 117,777 1,731
U 3,759 801 147 1,163 158




11 Page 64
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Crashes by Injury Severity (Phoenix)
120K



100K




Number of Crashes
80K
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
60K Total Fatalities



40K



20K



0K
O C B A K

Injury Severity




Injury Severity All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

O 105,802 0 0 0 0
C 24,574 24,574 0 35,153 0
B 16,539 16,539 0 25,533 0
A 4,011 4,011 0 6,710 0
K 951 0 951 520 1,004




12 Page 65
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Older Driver Crashes by Month (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
1200 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities








January March May July September November
February April June August October December

Month




Month All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

January 1,687 556 11 874 11
February 1,767 575 14 885 14
March 1,912 619 12 1,004 14
April 1,705 590 7 925 7
May 1,613 556 11 881 11
June 1,426 457 12 748 13
July 1,444 463 9 759 9
August 1,697 536 9 856 9
September 1,685 539 14 854 14
October 1,859 595 18 955 18
November 1,770 560 7 864 7
December 1,860 589 14 914 14




13 Page 66
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Younger Driver Crashes by Month (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes

Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities








January March May July September November
February April June August October December

Month




Month All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

January 4,975 1,579 31 2,538 33
February 5,225 1,567 23 2,477 29
March 5,685 1,724 35 2,749 38
April 5,496 1,607 29 2,627 30
May 5,180 1,557 28 2,471 30
June 4,604 1,386 26 2,195 28
July 4,383 1,297 15 2,053 17
August 5,494 1,587 26 2,556 29
September 5,317 1,618 15 2,563 15
October 5,516 1,703 22 2,686 30
November 5,380 1,576 24 2,536 26
December 5,258 1,501 26 2,375 28




14 Page 67
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Pedestrian Crashes by Month (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes

Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities







January March May July September November
February April June August October December

Month




Month All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

January 355 310 40 342 40
February 300 260 35 293 35
March 365 314 44 372 45
April 341 294 35 313 35
May 282 240 32 269 34
June 239 200 36 227 37
July 226 192 30 209 31
August 271 237 29 261 30
September 294 254 34 284 35
October 371 325 40 362 40
November 401 361 37 403 38
December 401 356 39 387 39




15 Page 68
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Bicyclist Crashes by Month (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
120 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities








January March May July September November
February April June August October December

Month




Month All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

January 178 163 4 169 4
February 184 169 0 172 0
March 197 182 6 188 6
April 194 179 5 184 5
May 186 175 2 179 2
June 138 128 3 129 3
July 132 128 1 129 1
August 182 169 3 174 3
September 186 171 6 175 6
October 189 177 3 184 3
November 169 158 6 162 6
December 140 134 2 138 2




16 Page 69
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Older Driver Crashes by Hour (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
1200 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities









0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0 90 30 2 46 2
1 35 10 2 14 2
2 36 19 0 25 0
3 33 10 0 14 0
4 59 15 4 24 4
5 186 72 2 117 2
6 467 170 4 280 4
7 1,000 373 3 652 3
8 1,146 399 5 629 5
9 1,168 408 4 616 4
10 1,321 468 8 734 8
11 1,468 504 4 849 5
12 1,639 569 9 893 9
13 1,609 501 4 818 4
14 1,820 521 14 811 15
15 1,976 571 6 877 6
16 1,826 535 7 848 7
17 1,614 471 17 777 17
18 1,183 402 11 611 12
19 702 246 11 386 11



17 Page 70
Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

20 449 153 10 226 10
21 298 96 5 138 5
22 201 61 2 88 2
23 99 31 4 46 4




18 Page 71
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Younger Driver Crashes by Hour (Phoenix)










Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities








0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0 827 233 16 359 18
1 586 165 14 266 20
2 602 180 8 282 11
3 408 123 3 179 3
4 471 138 6 193 8
5 814 274 7 428 7
6 1,850 654 11 1,022 12
7 4,119 1,383 8 2,294 8
8 3,062 990 6 1,599 7
9 1,980 660 10 1,078 14
10 2,036 696 10 1,122 10
11 2,557 846 11 1,359 12
12 3,285 1,031 10 1,649 10
13 3,319 1,015 10 1,634 10
14 4,353 1,212 12 1,995 13
15 5,606 1,547 11 2,417 12
16 5,916 1,634 12 2,542 12
17 6,007 1,592 9 2,468 10
18 4,519 1,310 15 2,114 15
19 2,854 824 23 1,356 27



19 Page 72
Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

20 2,357 703 21 1,066 24
21 2,115 672 28 1,089 28
22 1,728 484 21 786 24
23 1,142 336 18 529 18




20 Page 73
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Pedestrian Crashes by Hour (Phoenix)










Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities








0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0 80 57 23 63 23
1 56 39 16 46 16
2 46 34 12 44 12
3 33 26 7 31 7
4 48 41 7 44 7
5 69 58 11 61 11
6 173 152 18 165 18
7 204 194 7 237 7
8 144 139 4 154 4
9 122 113 9 124 9
10 116 113 2 118 3
11 107 97 3 116 3
12 106 101 2 117 2
13 114 106 6 122 6
14 172 163 6 184 7
15 229 218 6 230 6
16 232 216 8 239 8
17 243 224 11 252 11
18 343 296 41 329 41
19 337 278 56 304 58



21 Page 74
Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

20 316 245 60 263 62
21 241 184 53 197 53
22 197 156 38 169 40
23 118 93 25 113 25




22 Page 75
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Bicyclist Crashes by Hour (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
120 Total Fatalities









0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

0 19 15 4 15 4
1 6 4 1 4 1
2 5 4 0 4 0
3 8 5 3 5 3
4 9 8 1 8 1
5 33 28 2 28 2
6 82 76 3 81 3
7 150 141 0 148 0
8 105 101 0 102 0
9 86 85 1 88 1
10 96 92 1 93 1
11 97 89 4 91 4
12 107 102 0 102 0
13 106 96 3 97 3
14 161 152 3 155 3
15 166 153 2 154 2
16 202 190 3 193 3
17 192 183 1 191 1
18 144 137 0 138 0
19 100 91 2 96 2



23 Page 76
Hour All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

20 80 70 3 72 3
21 61 55 2 56 2
22 34 31 1 36 1
23 26 25 1 26 1




24 Page 77
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019

All Arterials and Local Roads Older Driver Crashes by Collision Manner (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes
2000 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
W
GL E_ N ER
_T N
KNSID IPE _S V EH TH (fr
U
O ES W A M IC LE O R on H
IP E_ E_D LE tt EA
UN O PP IR EC FT o si D
O SI TI O d _O
TE_D IR
N turn (o e) N
SIN
EC TI ) th
R O N er
EA R _T than
O_
R SID E left
ES EA R_T
W O_ R LE
SI EA R G
D R AN
EA R_E N D

Collision Manner




Collision Manner All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

UNKNOWN 50 20 1 26 1
SINGLE_VEHICLE 460 174 9 198 10
SIDESWIPE_SAME_DIRECTION 3,114 327 0 431 0
SIDESWIPE_OPPOSITE_DIRECTION 356 88 1 155 1
REAR_TO_SIDE 137 18 0 27 0
REAR_TO_REAR 173 57 0 96 0
REAR_END 5,451 1,769 12 2,774 12
OTHER 646 351 50 441 51
LEFT_TURN 5,308 2,050 28 3,430 28
HEAD_ON 383 177 11 346 11
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 4,347 1,604 26 2,595 27




25 Page 78
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019

All Arterials and Local Roads Younger Driver Crashes by Collision Manner (Phoenix)
20K


16K


12K




Number of Crashes
8K
Total Crashes
4K Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
0K
N _E ER N
W HIC TI
N
TI
N
O_
E EA
R N R on H EA
KN LE O O SI D TH _T tto
O EC EC D O_ EA O U si D _O
GL R R LE d
UN E_ E_ E_ _T _T R FT turn (o e) N
VE D D EA R )
IR IR R EA th
SI M SI R R er
N IP T th
E_ _O an
SA PP le
O ft
ES IP (fr
W E LE
SID ES G
W AN
SID

Collision Manner




Collision Manner All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

UNKNOWN 156 47 7 75 9
SINGLE_VEHICLE 3,453 988 27 1,210 36
SIDESWIPE_SAME_DIRECTION 7,296 879 8 1,240 10
SIDESWIPE_OPPOSITE_DIRECTION 1,005 210 2 344 3
REAR_TO_SIDE 293 35 0 50 0
REAR_TO_REAR 560 147 0 240 0
REAR_END 18,937 5,264 12 8,162 13
OTHER 1,532 694 109 902 116
LEFT_TURN 16,700 5,992 63 10,079 66
HEAD_ON 1,240 514 21 915 25
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 11,341 3,932 51 6,609 55




26 Page 79
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019

All Arterials and Local Roads Pedestrian Crashes by Collision Manner (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes
800 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
N _E ER N
W TI
N N
O_
E EA
N _T on H EA
TI R D TH
KN O O SI O_ UR tto D
O EC EC D R EA O
si _O
R LE
U tu de) N
N E_ E_ _T _T FT
D EA R rn (o
IR DIR R )
R EA th
M SI R R er
IP T th
E_ _O an
SA PP left
ES O (fr
W IP E LE
SID ES G
W AN
SID

Collision Manner




Collision Manner All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

UNKNOWN 95 91 2 98 2
SIDESWIPE_SAME_DIRECTION 76 71 0 82 0
SIDESWIPE_OPPOSITE_DIRECTION 43 41 0 47 0
REAR_TO_SIDE 10 10 0 10 0
REAR_TO_REAR 3 3 0 3 0
REAR_END 79 72 1 113 1
OTHER 2,374 1,923 420 2,076 427
LEFT_TURN 340 323 7 394 8
HEAD_ON 231 224 0 250 0
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 595 585 1 649 1




27 Page 80
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Bicyclist Crashes by Collision Manner (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
Total Crashes
200 Total Injuries
Total Fatalities
N _E ER N
W TI
N N
O_
E EA
N _T on H EA
TI R D TH
KN O O SI O_ UR tto D
O EC EC D R EA O
si _O
R LE
U tu de) N
N E_ E_ _T _T FT
D EA R rn (o
IR DIR R )
R EA th
M SI R R er
IP T th
E_ _O an
SA PP left
ES O (fr
W IP E LE
SID ES G
W AN
SID

Collision Manner




Collision Manner All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

UNKNOWN 22 21 0 21 0
SIDESWIPE_SAME_DIRECTION 78 73 0 77 0
SIDESWIPE_OPPOSITE_DIRECTION 21 19 0 19 0
REAR_TO_SIDE 2 1 0 1 0
REAR_TO_REAR 1 1 0 1 0
REAR_END 37 36 0 38 0
OTHER 887 817 41 836 41
LEFT_TURN 158 152 0 159 0
HEAD_ON 57 52 0 54 0
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 812 761 0 777 0




28 Page 81
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Older Driver Crashes by
All Crashes Injury Severity (Phoenix) Injury Crashes




A 2.8% A 9.9%
B 12.3% B 39.2%
C 17.4% C 49.9%
K 0.7% K 1.0%
O 66.8% O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0% T otal: 100.0%




Fatal Crashes




A 0.0%
B 0.0%
C 0.0%
K 100.0%
O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0%




Injury Severity All Injury Crashes Fatal Total Total Fatalities
Crashes Crashes Injuries

O 13,652 0 0 0 0
C 3,545 3,545 0 5,248 0
B 2,518 2,518 0 4,127 0
A 572 572 0 1,044 0
K 138 0 138 100 141




29 Page 82
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Younger Driver Crashes by
All Crashes Injury Severity (Phoenix) Injury Crashes




A 2.3% A 9.3%
B 10.8% B 37.5%
C 16.8% C 52.3%
K 0.5% K 1.0%
O 69.6% O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0% T otal: 100.0%




Fatal Crashes




A 0.0%
B 0.0%
C 0.0%
K 100.0%
O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0%




Injury Severity All Injury Crashes Fatal Total Total Fatalities
Crashes Crashes Injuries

O 43,511 0 0 0 0
C 10,472 10,472 0 15,597 0
B 6,776 6,776 0 11,170 0
A 1,454 1,454 0 2,773 0
K 300 0 300 286 333




30 Page 83
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Pedestrian Crashes by
All Crashes Injury Severity (Phoenix) Injury Crashes




A 22.0% A 26.2%
B 40.3% B 44.7%
C 24.5% C 27.4%
K 11.2% K 1.7%
O 1.9% O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0% T otal: 100.0%




Fatal Crashes




A 0.0%
B 0.0%
C 0.0%
K 100.0%
O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0%




Injury Severity All Injury Crashes Fatal Total Total Fatalities
Crashes Crashes Injuries

O 72 0 0 0 0
C 944 944 0 1,021 0
B 1,551 1,551 0 1,664 0
A 848 848 0 974 0
K 431 0 431 63 439




31 Page 84
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Bicyclist Crashes by Injury
All Crashes Severity (Phoenix) Injury Crashes




A 12.2% A 13.2%
B 46.8% B 50.5%
C 34.1% C 36.2%
K 2.0% K 0.1%
O 4.9% O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0% T otal: 100.0%




Fatal Crashes




A 0.0%
B 0.0%
C 0.0%
K 100.0%
O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0%




Injury Severity All Injury Crashes Fatal Total Total Fatalities
Crashes Crashes Injuries

O 101 0 0 0 0
C 707 707 0 718 0
B 972 972 0 1,001 0
A 254 254 0 262 0
K 41 0 41 2 41




32 Page 85
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Older Driver Crashes by
Year (Phoenix)

No Injury




Number of Crashes
Possible Injury
Non-Incapacitating
2500 Incapacitating Injury
Fatal
Unknown








2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 2,273 732 403 112 27 0 3,547
2016 2,604 750 559 146 28 0 4,087
2017 2,691 713 552 120 31 0 4,107
2018 2,932 687 519 111 30 0 4,279
2019 3,152 663 485 83 22 0 4,405




33 Page 86
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Younger Driver Crashes
by Year (Phoenix)

No Injury




Number of Crashes
Possible Injury
8000 Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating Injury
Fatal
6000 Unknown












2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 7,302 2,448 1,163 285 52 0 11,250
2016 8,758 2,150 1,552 378 59 0 12,897
2017 8,773 2,179 1,501 313 62 0 12,828
2018 9,089 1,859 1,334 240 72 0 12,594
2019 9,589 1,836 1,226 238 55 0 12,944




34 Page 87
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Pedestrian Crashes by
Year (Phoenix)

No Injury




Number of Crashes
Possible Injury
Non-Incapacitating
250 Incapacitating Injury
Fatal
Unknown








2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 30 153 247 127 60 0 617
2016 24 164 306 189 88 0 771
2017 9 194 319 197 94 0 813
2018 9 186 332 187 111 0 825
2019 0 247 347 148 78 0 820




35 Page 88
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Bicyclist Crashes by
Year (Phoenix)

No Injury




Number of Crashes
200 Possible Injury
Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating Injury
160 Fatal
Unknown










2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 35 157 185 53 8 0 438
2016 35 151 219 71 9 0 485
2017 17 152 235 52 14 0 470
2018 14 129 186 52 3 0 384
2019 0 118 147 26 7 0 298




36 Page 89
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019

All Arterials and Local Roads Car Involved Crashes by Year (Phoenix)
32K


28K


24K




Number of Crashes
20K
Total Crashes
Total Injuries
16K Total Fatalities


12K


8K


4K


0K
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year




Year All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

2015 25,962 8,605 137 13,604 147
2016 30,195 9,393 167 14,343 175
2017 30,426 9,330 175 14,120 185
2018 30,130 8,148 182 12,196 197
2019 30,847 7,897 147 11,620 155




37 Page 90
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Truck Involved Crashes by Year (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
3000 Total Crashes
Total Injuries
Total Fatalities









2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year




Year All Injury Fatal Total Total
Crashes Crashes Crashes Injuries Fatalities

2015 3,218 884 17 1,433 19
2016 2,487 511 19 746 19
2017 2,543 557 15 847 15
2018 3,807 905 18 1,347 18
2019 4,683 986 15 1,431 18




38 Page 91
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019


All Arterials and Local Roads Car Involved Crashes by
All Crashes Injury Severity (Phoenix) Injury Crashes




A 2.5% A 9.6%
B 10.6% B 37.3%
C 16.3% C 52.3%
K 0.5% K 0.7%
O 70.1% O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0% T otal: 100.0%




Fatal Crashes




A 0.0%
B 0.0%
C 0.0%
K 100.0%
O 0.0%
T otal: 100.0%




Injury Severity All Injury Crashes Fatal Total Total Fatalities
Crashes Crashes Injuries

O 103,379 0 0 0 0
C 23,984 23,984 0 34,446 0
B 15,709 15,709 0 24,602 0
A 3,680 3,680 0 6,343 0
K 808 0 808 492 859




42 Page 92
7/19/2021 Years:
Safety Analysis Report 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019



All Arterials and Local Roads Car Involved Crashes
by Year (Phoenix)
24K

No Injury




Number of Crashes
20K Possible Injury
Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating Injury
16K Fatal
Unknown

12K



8K



4K



0K
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019


Year

Year No Possible Non Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total
Injury Injury Incapacitating Injury

2015 17,220 5,347 2,589 669 137 0 25,962
2016 20,635 4,930 3,558 905 167 0 30,195
2017 20,921 5,051 3,468 811 175 0 30,426
2018 21,800 4,275 3,200 673 182 0 30,130
2019 22,803 4,381 2,894 622 147 0 30,847




44 Page 93
7/21/2021
Safety Analysis Report
Alcohol Impaired Drivers, 2015-2019 (Phoenix)







Number of Crashes
No Injury
Possible
300 Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating
Fatal






0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

0 394 83 108 43 42 0 670
1 399 105 104 39 71 0 718
2 522 135 122 86 47 0 912
3 271 52 93 40 27 0 483
4 151 56 70 18 19 0 314
5 104 51 49 13 10 0 227
6 95 41 37 16 18 0 207
7 95 17 25 18 5 0 160
8 65 26 30 7 11 0 139
9 69 28 26 16 4 0 143
10 63 20 39 11 7 0 140
11 100 27 19 11 7 0 164
12 79 29 29 4 6 0 147
13 121 30 67 2 6 0 226
14 179 87 42 30 4 0 342
15 273 59 76 33 7 0 448
16 316 103 87 50 19 0 575
17 376 121 148 42 21 0 708
18 479 147 140 68 38 0 872




45 Page 94
Hour No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

19 472 135 158 99 70 0 934
20 472 164 176 69 91 0 972
21 529 158 155 80 96 0 1,018
22 489 139 156 99 70 0 953
23 404 112 149 67 61 0 793



Filters:
TrafficUnit.UnitType = DRIVER
Person.Physical = ALCOHOL
Year Between 2015 2019




46 Page 95
7/21/2021
Safety Analysis Report
Impaired Drivers 2015 - 2019 (Phoenix)










Number of Crashes
No Injury
Possible
Non-Incapacitating
150 Incapacitating
Fatal






0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Hour




Hour No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

0 259 51 68 29 26 0 433
1 261 59 65 28 40 0 453
2 327 79 82 50 30 0 568
3 182 34 61 26 17 0 320
4 107 38 41 13 13 0 212
5 70 29 26 7 10 0 142
6 65 25 26 11 16 0 143
7 59 20 20 11 7 0 117
8 54 18 23 7 7 0 109
9 48 20 19 12 9 0 108
10 49 16 20 10 4 0 99
11 60 19 14 9 6 0 108
12 52 19 21 8 6 0 106
13 77 21 41 4 10 0 153
14 117 48 27 16 12 0 220
15 172 38 53 23 10 0 296
16 185 58 56 32 21 0 352
17 210 67 83 23 15 0 398
18 265 72 67 36 29 0 469




47 Page 96
Hour No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

19 265 75 93 54 46 0 533
20 269 84 92 42 59 0 546
21 296 83 89 45 62 0 575
22 279 79 91 57 40 0 546
23 260 61 91 33 36 0 481



Filters:
Person.PersonType = DRIVER
Year Between 2015 2019
Person.Physical = ALCOHOL,DRUGS




48 Page 97
7/21/2021
Safety Analysis Report
Signalized Intersection Left Turn and Angle Collisions 2015 - 2019 (Phoenix)
12K



10K




Number of Crashes
8K
No Injury
Possible
6K Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating
Fatal
4K



2K



0K
LEFT_TURN ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn)

Collision Manner




Collision Manner No Possible Non-
Incapacitating
Injury Injury Incapacitating Fatal Unknown TotalTotal

LEFT_TURN 10,555 3,555 2,880 656 72 0 17,718
ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn) 6,523 2,244 1,751 445 44 0 11,007



Filters:
Incident.CollisionManner = ANGLE (front to side)(other than left turn),LEFT_TURN
TrafficUnit.ControlType =
TRAFFIC_CONTROL_SIGNAL,FLASHING_TRAFFIC_CONTROL_SIGNAL,SIGNAL

Year Between 2015 2019




49 Page 98
7/21/2021
Safety Analysis Report
Speed-Related Collisions 2015 - 2019 (Phoenix)
12K



10K




Number of Crashes
8K
No Injury
Possible
6K Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating
Fatal
4K



2K



0K
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year




Year No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

2015 9,974 3,017 1,631 268 48 0 14,938
2016 10,894 2,860 1,902 297 39 0 15,992
2017 11,084 2,795 1,967 261 41 0 16,148
2018 11,282 2,580 1,818 199 54 0 15,933
2019 10,980 2,623 1,743 201 51 0 15,598



Filters:
Person.Violation = SPEED_TO_FAST_FOR_CONDITIONS,EXCEEDED_LAWFUL_SPEED
Person.PersonType = DRIVER
Year Between 2015 2019




50 Page 99
7/21/2021
Safety Analysis Report
Unrestrained Driver Collisions 2015 - 2019 (Phoenix)








Number of Crashes
No Injury
Possible
160 Non-Incapacitating
Incapacitating
120 Fatal






2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year




Year No Possible Non-
Injury Injury Incapacitating Incapacitating Fatal Unknown Total Total

2015 309 191 251 115 63 0 929
2016 250 163 270 110 61 0 854
2017 264 164 249 120 46 0 843
2018 252 123 234 96 61 0 766
2019 266 138 206 100 40 0 750



Filters:
Year Between 2015 2019
Person.PersonType = DRIVER
Person.SafetyDevice = None Used




51 Page 100
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Page 101
Data: City of Phoenix/ADOT/MCDOT/Y2K Visualization Analysis | Y2K (ngineering | 2021 Phoenix, AZ | High Injury Network Analysis 2021
ATTACHMENT C
VISION ZERO BACKGROUND


What is the Vision Zero Network?
The Vision Zero Network is a non-profit organization with a goal to eliminate the over
40,000 traffic fatalities that occur each year in the United States. The Vision Zero
Network promotes a shift of thinking from traffic deaths are not inevitable to traffic
deaths being preventable. The non-profit requires city partners to commit to the
following strategies:
• Building and sustaining leadership, collaboration, and accountability – especially
among a diverse group of stakeholders to include transportation professionals,
policymakers, public health officials, police, and community members.
• Collecting, analyzing, and using data to understand trends and potential
disproportionate impacts of traffic deaths on certain populations.
• Prioritizing equity and community
engagement.
• Managing speed to safe levels.
• Setting a timeline to achieve zero traffic
deaths and serious injuries, which
brings urgency and accountability, and
ensuring transparency on progress and
challenges.
The scope of the Roadway Safety Action Plan
(RSAP) closely aligns with these concepts.
As of August 2021, 51 cities have been
recognized as part of the Vision Zero Network. This network consists of leaders in
public health, transportation planning and engineering, police, and the community.
Recognized Vision Zero cities will receive support and resources from the network
including: informational webinars, in-person meetings, conference panels, case studies,
hands-on resources, and peer exchange opportunities. Recognized Vision Zero
Network cities will also be added to the Vision Zero Map.
What is the Recognition Process (Application)?
To be recognized by the Vision Zero Network, key city staff members and the Mayor
must commit to the minimum criteria below:
• Setting a clear goal of eliminating traffic deaths and serious injuries among all road
users within.
• An explicit timeframe, to be identified with the RSAP.




Page 102
• The Mayor (or top elected official) publicly, officially committing to Vision Zero within
the set.
• Timeframe and directing appropriate city staff to prioritize the work.
• A Vision Zero Action Plan or Strategy is in place, or the Mayor and key departments
have committed to creating one in a specified time frame and which includes a focus
on being data driven, equitable, and including community input.
• Key city departments, including Transportation, Public Health, Mayor’s Office, and
Police, are actively engaged as leaders and partners in the process of developing
the Vision Zero Plan, implementing it, and evaluating and sharing progress.
• A Vision Zero Task Force (including the agencies listed above, as well as key
community stakeholders, and others) meets regularly to lead and evaluate efforts.
For a City to further pursue recognition as a Vision Zero Community, an online
questionnaire must also be submitted. Vision Zero Network does not offer meetings
prior to this action.
What do we Know About Other Vision Zero Cities?
As stated above, there are 51 cities within the United States that are part of the Vision
Zero Network, which includes leaders in public health, transportation planning and
engineering, police, and community advocacy groups.
Tempe, Arizona
Tempe’s Vision Zero Timeline
March, 2018 Vision Zero Resolution approved by Council
June, 2018 Vision Zero workshop held with community members
January, Continued Work
February, Vision Zero Network recognizes the City of Tempe
March, 2019 Distracted driving ordinance updated
March – Public Comment on draft plan
April, 2019
May, 2019 Tempe approves Vision Zero Action Plan


The City of Tempe has completed several Vision Zero strategy efforts since adoption of
the action plan including:
• Making school crosswalks more noticeable like repainting elementary schools in
bright yellow and installing timed, flashing speed signs around high schools.
• Improved intersections at Rural Rd. and University Dr. as well as Rural Rd. and
Rio Salado Pkwy. By adding turn lanes, new traffic signals, ADA sidewalk ramps,
and improved transit stops.




Page 103
ATTACHMENT D
DRAFT RESOLUTION



A RESOLUTION ADOPTING
THE VISION ZERO STRATEGY
FOR THE CITY OF PHOENIX

WHEREAS, Phoenix aspires to reduce the number of fatal and serious injury crashes
on its streets to zero;

WHEREAS, Vision Zero is a traffic safety policy that takes an ethical approach toward
achieving safety for all road users;

WHEREAS, in the past five years more than 900 people have lost their lives and more
than 4,000 people were seriously injured on Phoenix streets;

WHEREAS, traffic-related deaths and serious injuries are preventable;

T
WHEREAS, the severity of motor vehicle-related crashes can be reduced;




AF
WHEREAS, transportation safety is everybody's responsibility;

WHEREAS, the Street Transportation and Phoenix Police departments are actively
employing programs to improve safety and response time; and

WHEREAS, Vision Zero builds upon those existing programs with new strategies to
help meet the Council's adopted performance measure to achieve a reduction in the


D
number of fatal and serious injury crashes to zero.



R
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
PHOENIX as follows:

The Phoenix City Council hereby makes a commitment that the City of Phoenix will
adopt the Vision Zero strategy with the goal of eliminating all traffic fatalities for all users
on Phoenix roadways.

PASSED by the Council of the City of Phoenix this 25th day of January 2022.




Page 104